such as self-control, passion and perseverance.

如自制力、激情和毅力等。

Many modern psychologists,

許多現代心理學家。

educators and parents now believe it's more important

教育者和家長們現在認為，更重要的是

for success in life than good grades

功夫不負有心人

at school or an outstanding intelligence.

在學校或智力突出。

At a Stanford experiment in the late 1960s

在20世紀60年代末斯坦福大學的一次實驗中。

psychologist Walter Mischel put kids

心理學家Walter Mischel把孩子

in front of one tasty marshmallow.

在一個個美味的棉花糖面前。

The 4 year old children were then promised another one

隨後，4歲的孩子們又被許諾了一個。

if they had enough willpower not eat the one in front of them.

如果他們有足夠的意志力，不吃眼前的人。

Then they were left alone for 15 minutes.

然後，他們被單獨留下15分鐘。

Some kids hid below the table.

有些孩子躲在桌子下面。

Those who were able to delay their gratification,

能夠延遲滿足的人。

got a second treat and many years later

重獲新生，多年後

became more accomplished adults.

成為了更有成就的成年人。

They were more healthy,

他們更健康。

had higher test scores at school

在學校的考試成績較高

and were socially more competent.

並具有較強的社會能力。

Professor Mischel and the marshmallow test became famous.

Mischel教授和棉花糖測試出名了。

Angela Duckwort, a popular psychologists,

安吉拉-達克沃特，一位受歡迎的心理學家。

later invented the so-called Grit-Scale,

後來發明了所謂的Grit-Scale。

a questionnaire to predict success.

一份預測成功的調查問卷；

One question: Do I finish what I began?

一個問題：我是否要完成我開始的事情？

She then interviewed gifted business woman,

隨後，她採訪了有天賦的女企業家。

accomplished scientists and other successful people.

有成就的科學家和其他成功人士。

She found out that self-control, passion,

她發現，自制力、激情。

and perseverance were better indicators for success

和毅力是更好的成功指標

than a high IQ score or fine genes.

比起高智商分數或優良基因。

Let's examine the reasons behind this.

我們來研究一下這背後的原因。

Passion leads us to pursue careers that we love.

激情使我們追求自己熱愛的職業。

Once we love something, we work hard to succeed

一旦喜歡上一件事，我們就會努力去爭取成功

and as a result can reach excellence

是以可以達到卓越

Self-control allows us to wait

自制力讓我們可以等待

even if something looks very attractive.

即使有些東西看起來非常吸引人。

This is important because one day,

這很重要，因為有一天。

a better option might present itself.

一個更好的選擇可能會出現。

And perseverance means we keep fighting despite obstacles.

而毅力則是指我們不顧困難，繼續奮鬥。

It's essential to complete projects that then

必須完成項目，然後

grow our self-confidence through social recognition.

通過社會認可來增強我們的自信心。

The most gifted minds can't even start,

天賦再好的人也無從下手。

if they lack passion and inspiration.

如果他們缺乏激情和靈感。

One way to develop grit

培養勇氣的方法之一

is to realize that we can eliminate our weaknesses

是認識到我們可以消除我們的弱點。

with practice.

隨著實踐的發展。

We can learn a new thing by practicing

我們可以通過實踐來學習一個新的東西

long enough to see actual progress.

足夠長的時間才能看到實際進展。

But we can also study the lives of our role models.

但我們也可以學習榜樣的生活。

Then we understand that football stars

那我們就明白了，足球明星

train every day and receive constant feedback

每天訓練，不斷得到反饋

from professional coaches to develop specific skills.

從專業教練那裡得到具體技能的培養。

Once we internalize that we can improve our skills,

一旦我們內化，就可以提高自己的技能。

we might realize that we can also practice willpower.

我們可能會意識到，我們也可以練習意志力。

For example, to change to a vegetarian diet is hard.

比如說，要想改吃素，很難。

But if you start small and try to cut out beef every Sunday,

但如果你從小事做起，儘量每週日減少牛肉。

you might soon realize that you can also skip chicken during the week.

你可能很快就會意識到，你也可以在這周跳過雞肉。

And when that happens,

當這種情況發生時。

you learn that you can grow will-power like

你學會了，你可以增長意志力，像

any other muscle in your body.

你身體的任何其他肌肉。

Then anything is possible,

那麼一切都有可能。

even to become a vegetarian

甚至吃素

When we realize that our brain is like any other muscle that grows with training,

當我們意識到，我們的大腦就像其他肌肉一樣，會隨著訓練而成長。

then willpower and self-control are just a matter of practice.

那麼意志力和自制力就只能靠練習了。

And once we practice something long enough,

而一旦我們練習的東西足夠長。

it can become a habit or even our passion.

它可以成為一種習慣，甚至成為我們的激情。

Some 2,000 years ago Aristotle supposedly wrote:

大約兩千年前，亞里士多德據說寫道。

"We are what we repeatedly do."

"我們就是我們反覆做的事"

"Excellence then, is not an act, but a habit."

"那麼，優秀不是一種行為，而是一種習慣。"

Maybe he was right.

也許他是對的。

What do you think about Grit?

你覺得《勇者》怎麼樣？

If you like our videos and want to support our channel,

如果你喜歡我們的視頻並想支持我們的頻道。

visit us at Patreon.com/Sprouts

訪問我們的Patreon.com/Sprouts。

and see If you want to donate just one dollar

如果你想只捐一元錢的話

with your support, we plan to create many more

在您的支持下，我們計劃創造更多的就業機會。

Minute Videos about learning and education.

分鐘關於學習和教育的視頻。