Name: 能力與訓練 (Talent vs Training)
Uploaded: 2014-08-03T04:36:15.000Z
Duration: 2 min 19 s

程度副詞

To be the best athlete, musician, or even gamer, you have to train relentlessly. But

要想成為最優秀的運動員、音樂家，甚至是遊戲玩家，你必須堅持不懈地訓練。但是

to what degree does natural talent come into play? Are some of us just born with a better

天賦在多大程度上會發揮作用？我們中的一些人是不是天生就有更好的

機會，成為我們所做的最好的？

To study this question in sports, scientists have tried subjecting untrained individuals

為了在運動中研究這個問題，科學家們曾嘗試讓未經訓練的人進行

to identical exercise regimes, to see if the same amount of training would lead to varying

相同的運動方案，看看同樣的訓練量是否會導致不同的。

results. Not so surprisingly, different individuals saw different improvement - some improved

結果。不足為奇的是，不同的個體看到了不同的改善--有些人改善了

in leaps and bounds while others seemed stagnant. But interestingly, individuals who were related

在飛速發展的同時，其他的人似乎停滯不前。但有趣的是，個人誰是相關的

by blood saw similar improvements, indicating that their genetics played a role in their

血緣關係也有類似的改善，這說明他們的基因在他們的生活中發揮了作用。

athletic potential. If your parent or sibling saw incredible results from training, so would

運動潛力。如果你的父母或兄弟姐妹從訓練中看到了令人難以置信的結果，那麼你的父母或兄弟姐妹也會看到。

you. These individuals are considered 'high responders' to training.

你。這些人被認為是訓練的 "高反應者"。

After statistical analysis of endurance, it was determined that 50% of athletic improvement

經過對耐力的統計分析，確定50％的運動成績提高了

was linked to genetics. In other words, great athletes are born with great genes.

是與遺傳學有關。換句話說，偉大的運動員天生就有偉大的基因。

With time, scientists have been able to isolate particular sets of genes which they believe

隨著時間的推移，科學家們已經能夠分離出特定的基因組，他們認為這些基因組

are responsible for these traits. High responders have them and experience significant improvement,

是造成這些特徵的原因。高反應者有這些特徵，並且有顯著的改善。

regardless of how fit they are to start. On the other hand, if your genes deem you a 'low

無論他們是多麼適合開始。另一方面，如果你的基因認為你是一個 "低矮的

responder' for endurance training, cross-country skiing may not be for you.

對於耐力訓練的 "反應者"，越野滑雪可能不適合你。

But even before training, scientists noticed something else; individuals all had different

但即使在訓練之前，科學家們也注意到了另一件事，個體都有不同的

baseline endurance levels as well. Without any training, some individuals were simply

基線耐力水準也是如此。在沒有任何訓練的情況下，有些人只是

more fit than others. It turns out, a different set of genes give some people a higher baseline.

比別人更適合。原來，一組不同的基因給了一些人更高的基線。

In the case of endurance, these genes can code for larger volumes of blood, which are

在耐力的情況下，這些基因可以編碼更大的血液量，這就是。

一般只見於訓練有素的運動員。

So, you can have a high baseline or high trainability - or both! And it's likely that our greatest

所以，你可以擁有高基線，也可以擁有高訓練能力--或者兩者兼而有之!而很可能我們最大的

athletes train as hard as they can, on top of having some great genetics. It seems that

運動員們除了擁有一些優秀的基因外，還儘可能的努力訓練。似乎

talent is trainable, under the right circumstances.

人才是可以培養的，在合適的環境下。

So have you got what it takes to be an Olympic athlete? Science says, you'll never know until

那麼，你是否具備成為奧運運動員的條件呢？科學說，你永遠不會知道，直到

Don't forget: we have a new video out every day of the Olympics.

別忘了：奧運會期間，我們每天都有新的視頻推出。

Can't wait? Our amazing partners at the CBC already have five of the videos up now for you to binge on.

等不及了？我們在CBC驚人的合作伙伴已經有五個視頻了，讓你狂歡。

Just head to cbc.ca/olympics/ScienceSays to watch them before anyone else. Link in the description.

只要前往bc.ca/olympics/ScienceSays，就可以比別人先看。說明中的鏈接。

But we also want to know your questions for this special series. Use the hashtag ScienceSays and let us know your burning olympic questions.

但我們也想知道您在這個特別系列中的問題。使用標籤ScienceSays，讓我們知道你的奧運熱點問題。

And subscribe for more awesome science videos!