Crispy on the outside, juicy in the middle.

外脆裡嫩，中間多汁。

Like every chicken nugget should be.

就像每一塊雞塊都應該是這樣的。

But this is no ordinary chicken nugget.

但這不是普通的雞塊。

This is a chicken nugget grown from a single cell, with no animals harmed in the process.

這是由單細胞生長出來的雞塊，在這個過程中沒有傷害任何動物。

There's a little bit of irony in the fact that we took such a complex process, right.

我們把這麼複雜的過程，有一點諷刺的意思吧。

Moment of truth!

真理時刻！

Creating cultured chicken, and the first product we created was such a simple chicken bite.

創造養殖雞，我們創造的第一個產品就是這樣一個簡單的雞肉口。

And now, in a world-first, it's available on menus in Singapore after authorities approved

現在，在新加坡當局準許後，世界上首次在菜單上提供了它。

the sale of the cultured meat at the end of 2020.

在2020年年底，養殖肉的銷售。

We have the freedom to sell across Singapore, whether retail, food service, hawker centers, you name it.

我們可以自由地在新加坡各地進行銷售，無論是零售業、餐飲業、小販中心，你都可以自由選擇。

Eat Just is the Californian food start-up responsible for bringing the world's first

Eat Just是加州的一家食品初創公司，負責將世界上第一款 "吃貨 "帶到美國。

lab-grown chicken meat to tables.

實驗室培育的雞肉上桌。

Its landmark approval for human consumption may potentially disrupt industrial livestock farms.

其獲准供人食用具有里程碑意義，可能會擾亂工業化畜禽養殖場。

But when CEO Josh Tetrick started out in 2011, that notion was a pipe dream.

但當CEO Josh Tetrick在2011年創業時，這個概念只是一個空想。

I had less than $3,000 in my bank account, and the idea was we're going to start a

我的銀行賬戶裡只有不到3000塊錢，我的想法是我們要開始一個...

food company that takes the animal, the live animal, out of the equation of the food system.

食品公司，把動物，活的動物， 從食品系統的等式。

Josh, who started his career working for non-profit organizations in Sub-Saharan Africa, wanted

Josh在撒哈拉以南非洲地區的非營利組織中開始了他的職業生涯，他希望

to fix what he saw as one of the world's biggest problems: Food sustainability.

以解決他所認為的世界上最大的問題之一。食品的可持續性。

And for him, the egg came first.

而對他來說，雞蛋是第一位的。

We decided the place that we're going to start is figuring out a way to make an egg,

我們決定，我們要開始的地方是想辦法做一個雞蛋。

a chicken egg, from a plant.

雞蛋，來自植物。

All I knew at the time is there were 375,000 species of plants all over the world, and

我當時只知道全世界有375,000種植物，而且... ...

I bet that one of them could scramble like an egg.

我敢打賭，他們中的一個人可以像雞蛋一樣炒菜。

Investors liked his vision.

投資者喜歡他的眼光。

Shortly after he founded the company, billionaire tech investor Vinod Khosla was on board, investing

在他創立公司後不久，億萬富翁科技投資人Vinod Khosla就加入了公司，投資了

$500,000 in the idea.

50萬美元的想法。

That was at least enough to get me off the couch.

這至少足以讓我離開沙發。

I started hiring food scientists and biochemists and molecular biologists, analytical chemists, chefs.

我開始聘請食品科學家和生物化學家和分子生物學家，分析化學家，廚師。

Years of experimentation later, the team struck on mung bean, a protein-rich legume commonly

多年的實驗後，團隊在綠豆上打起了主意，綠豆是一種富含蛋白質的豆科植物，常見的有

used in cuisines across Asia.

在亞洲各地的美食中使用。

And in 2018, Eat Just's first product, Just Egg, was born.

而在2018年，Eat Just的第一款產品--Just Egg誕生了。

To date, the company has sold the equivalent of 100 million eggs made from plants

到目前為止，該公司已經銷售了相當於1億枚植物製成的雞蛋。

from major retailers, including Walmart, Whole Foods and Alibaba.

來自各大零售商，包括沃爾瑪、全食超市和阿里巴巴。

But the egg was just the beginning.

但雞蛋只是一個開始。

What we wanted to do next was real chicken and beef, but not from plants.

我們接下來要做的是真正的雞肉和牛肉，但不是來自植物。

Real chicken and real beef that didn't require killing an animal, that didn't require using

真正的雞肉和真正的牛肉，不需要殺死動物，不需要使用。

a single drop of antibiotic; and that's broadly a process called cellular agriculture.

一滴抗生素；而這大體上就是一個叫做細胞農業的過程。

The process of creating cultured meat starts with a cell.

培養肉的製作過程是從細胞開始的。

In this case, from a chicken.

在這種情況下，從雞。

It can be taken either from a live bird through a biopsy, a fresh piece of meat, a cell bank

它可以通過活檢從活鳥身上取材，也可以從新鮮的肉片、細胞庫中取材。

or the root of a feather.

或羽毛的根部。

That cell is then fed nutrients, like those found in soy and corn, before being left to

然後，該細胞被餵養，如那些在大豆和玉米中發現的營養物質，然後被放置在

mature in a large-scale steel vessel.

在大型鋼製容器中成熟。

The process takes around 14 days from start to finish, and the end product is raw, minced meat.

這個過程從開始到結束需要14天左右，最終產品是生肉、碎肉。

This is manufacturing chicken at scale, without the animal, without the antibiotics,

這就是規模化生產雞肉，沒有動物，沒有抗生素。

without all the issues.

沒有所有的問題。

And the end product is not plant-based chicken, it's not some different form, it is literally chicken.

而最終的產品不是植物雞，也不是什麼不同的形態，而是真正的雞肉。

Creating the cell-cultured meat product was the easy part.

創造細胞培養的肉製品是容易的部分。

Next came the regulatory approvals, which took two years.

接下來是監管部門的審批，花了兩年時間。

Towards the end of 2020, Singapore became the first country to approve Eat Just's

2020年底，新加坡成為第一個準許Eat Just的國家。

flagship cultured chicken nuggets for sale nationwide under the Good Meat brand.

旗艦養殖雞塊，在全國範圍內銷售的好肉品牌。

The nugget is now available at restaurant 1880, retailing at around $17 for a set meal.

現在在1880餐廳就可以吃到這塊金塊，零售價約為17元的套餐。

More restaurants in the city-state are expected to come on board in the coming months.

預計未來幾個月內，城邦將有更多的餐廳加入進來。

Chef Kaimana, Eat Just's in-house chef, worked with 1880 to create the novel menu.

Eat Just的內部主廚Kaimana與1880合作，設計了新穎的菜單。

We wanted to create two dishes that really spoke to the iconic producers, the largest

我們希望創造出兩道真正能與標誌性生產者對話的菜餚，最大的

producers of chicken in the world, both the United States and China.

世界上雞肉的生產者，無論是美國還是中國。

How does it compare working with this cell-cultured chicken nugget?

用這種細胞培養的雞塊工作起來怎麼樣？

It is exactly the same.

它是完全一樣的。

Really?

真的嗎？

The same cook time, you can handle it like you would a normal chicken bite.

同樣的烹飪時間，你可以像處理普通雞肉一樣處理。

No magic there, just really typical chicken.

沒有魔法，只是很典型的雞。

Singapore is home to Eat Just's Asia Pacific headquarters and its first factory in Asia.

新加坡是Eat Just的亞太區總部所在地，也是其在亞洲的第一家工廠。

We're strongly considering making it the global manufacturing headquarters for Good Meat.

我們正在強烈考慮將其打造成好肉的全球製造總部。

While the island, which is slightly smaller than New York City, may seem an unlikely

雖然這個比紐約市略小的島嶼，看起來似乎不太可能是一個真正的城市。

location for a global meat production facility, Aileen Supriyadi, senior research analyst

高級研究分析師Aileen Supriyadi為全球肉類生產設施選址。

at Euromonitor International, says several factors are at play.

Euromonitor International的工作人員表示，有幾個因素在起作用。

Singapore has the 30 by 30 initiative, so the country wants to have 30 percent of the

新加坡提出了 "30乘30 "的倡議，所以新加坡希望有30

food to be produced locally.

當地生產的食品；

That's one of the reasons why they let Eat Just to firstly commercialize in Singapore.

這也是他們讓Eat Just首先在新加坡商業化的原因之一。

Singapore can also utilize the scientific knowledge, especially the stem cell research.

新加坡也可以利用科學知識，特別是幹細胞研究。

And Singapore, being the hub in Asia, actually helps those companies export and sell their

而新加坡作為亞洲的樞紐，實際上是幫助這些公司出口和銷售他們的。

products to other countries as well.

產品也向其他國家。

The rise of food start-ups comes amid the scrutiny on industrial farming over its unethical

在工業化農業因其不道德而受到審查的情況下，食品初創企業的崛起。

practices and effects on the environment.

做法及其對環境的影響。

The livestock industry, which supports the livelihoods of at least 1.3 billion people

畜牧業至少支撐著13億人的生計。

worldwide, has been racing to keep up with the demand for meat.

全球範圍內，一直在競相追趕肉類的需求。

Every year, an estimated 50 billion chickens are slaughtered for food.

每年，估計有500億隻雞被宰殺作為食物。

Meanwhile, the wider agriculture industry is responsible for 10-12% of greenhouse gas emissions

同時，更廣泛的農業產業佔溫室氣體排放的10-12%。

a major contributor to climate change.

是造成氣候變化的主要因素。

Not everyone is behind the cultured meat craze, though.

不過，並非所有人都是養殖肉熱潮的幕後推手。

Some are still skeptical of its nutritional value and suitability for human consumption,

有人對其營養價值和是否適合人類食用仍持懷疑態度。

while its environmental and social impact remains to be seen. However, Josh claims the process is cleaner

而其對環境和社會的影響還有待觀察。然而，Josh聲稱這個過程更清潔

and more ethical than traditional agriculture. Then there are those who just find the concept odd.

並且比傳統農業更有道德。還有一些人只是覺得這個概念很奇怪。

It just seems weird and strange, and you can't quite place what the issue is, right?

只是覺得很奇怪很奇怪，你也不能完全定位問題所在吧？

Meat comes from killing an animal, right, and doing it in any other way just doesn't

肉類來自於殺戮動物，對吧，用其他方式做就不對了。

seem like something we should be messing around with.

似乎是我們應該搞的東西。

I say to them that industrialized animal production is probably the strangest and most bizarre

我對他們說，工業化的動物生產可能是最奇怪、最怪異的。

thing happening, you're just not aware of it.

事情的發生，你只是沒有意識到而已。

And if you did look at it, you'd realize it's not the way you actually want to eat.

如果你真的看了，你會發現這不是你真正想吃的方式。

And if there's a way that we can do it better, let's get after it.

如果有辦法能做得更好，我們就去做。

In fact, demand for alternative meat products, such as cultured or plant-based meat, appears to be growing.

事實上，對替代性肉製品，如養殖肉或植物性肉的需求似乎正在增長。

A report estimated that the alternative meat market could be worth $140 billion,

一份報告估計，替代肉市場的價值可能達到1400億美元。

or 10% of the global meat industry, within a decade.

或全球肉類行業的10%，十年內。

In Asia Pacific, it's actually quite big.

在亞太地區，其實是相當大的。

In 2020 itself, the market size has reached about $800 million.

2020年本身的市場規模已經達到8億元左右。

Companies have started to produce more Asian-based cuisines.

企業已經開始生產更多以亞洲為主的美食。

So potentially with lower price, with greater knowledge, consumers will be more interested

所以潛在的價格更低，知識面更廣，消費者會更感興趣。

to purchase meat alternative products.

購買肉類替代產品。

Beyond Meat and Impossible Foods are among the names making waves in the plant-based

Beyond Meat和Impossible Foods是在植物性食品領域掀起波瀾的品牌之一。

meat space, while brands like Memphis Meats are tapping cultured products.

肉類領域，而像Memphis Meats這樣的品牌正在開發養殖產品。

Josh said he welcomes the competition.

喬希說，他歡迎競爭。

I want companies to come in and be a part of solving the problem.

我希望企業來參與解決這個問題。

I hope someone hears this interview, watches this interview, and decides I think I can

我希望有人聽到這個採訪，觀看這個採訪，並決定我認為我可以。

do it better than this dude who didn't have any experience of food technology before he started this.

做得比這傢伙更好 誰沒有任何經驗的食品技術 之前，他開始這個。

I, of course, have an ego in wanting to be the first that does it.

當然，我有一個自我，就是想成為第一個做到的人。

But there's too much that needs to be done for only a handful of companies to try and get at it.

但需要做的事情太多，只有少數公司想去做。

However, disrupting the dominance of the established animal agriculture industry won't happen overnight.

然而，打破既有畜牧業的主導地位並非一蹴而就。

One challenge that may come from cell-based chicken is actually consumers' perception

細胞雞可能帶來的一個挑戰，其實是消費者的認知問題

about the product being cell-based itself.

關於產品本身是細胞型的。

The limiting steps to ultimately making this ubiquitous are regulatory approval,

最終使之普及的限制性步驟是監管部門的準許。

scale and consumer education.

規模和消費者教育。

We can't just focus on one, we've got to focus on all three.

我們不能只關注一個，我們要關注三個方面。

Josh says Eat Just has raised over $400 million from investors, including Khosla Ventures,

Josh表示，Eat Just已經從包括Khosla Ventures在內的投資者那裡籌集了超過4億美元的資金。

Founders Fund, Bill Gates' Gate Ventures and Singapore's Temasek.

Founders Fund、比爾-蓋茨的Gate Ventures和新加坡的Temasek。

We'll continue to raise more capital.

我們會繼續籌集更多的資金。

At some point, we'll decide to go public; we want to hit operating profitability first.

在某些時候，我們會決定上市，我們希望先達到經營利潤率。

This won't happen without a lot of capital, there's no getting around it.

沒有大量的資本是不會發生的，這是沒有辦法的。

As Eat Just sets its sights on getting regulatory approval in other countries, Josh is certain

隨著Eat Just將目光投向其他國家的監管審批，Josh確信

the bet will pay off.

賭注會得到回報。

You have to take leaps of faith every day.

你每天都要有飛躍的信念。

We're acting as if the U.S. will eventually approve it.

我們表現得好像美國最終會準許一樣。

We're acting as if Europe will eventually approve it.

我們表現得好像歐洲最終會準許一樣。

That, I think, ability for us to invest in today and realize that there's going to

我想，我們今天投資的能力，並意識到，將有

be an opportunity going forward put us in a place where we could take advantage of the

機會，讓我們在一個地方，我們可以利用的地方，我們可以利用

regulatory approval from Singapore.

新加坡的監管準許。

And that's how we're going to be operating everywhere.

而這也是我們在各地的操作方式。