is the largest manmade structure in space.

是在太空中最大的人造建築。

It was built in pieces and then launched into space

它是分別建造然後在發射到太空

and assembled in orbit.

並在軌道上組裝。

In this video, I want to give you a detailed look

這部影片裡，我想要詳細的帶你看看

at the station.

這個太空站。

We're gonna look at each module in the order

我們會按照它組裝的順序

that they were assembled.

看看每個組件。

We'll look at the countries involved

還有參與的國家

and the future plans for the station.

以及太空站未來的計劃。

So if you're ready, let's go build a space station.

所以如果你準備好了，那就來造一座太空站吧。

(electricity buzzing)

（電流嗡嗡聲）

(explosion pops)

（爆破聲）

(digital music)

（數位音樂）

The International Space Station, or ISS,

國際太空站簡稱ISS

took many years to become a reality.

花了好幾年才實現。

In 1984, the United States announced a project

1984年，美國宣佈一個計畫

called Space Station Freedom.

叫自由號太空站

Here's some drawings

這一些草圖

of what the original station might have looked like.

是原本太空站的樣子。

It was never actually built in its original form.

實際上卻從未由它原始的形式打造。

There were lots of redesigns,

很多重新設計

and it's funding was almost completely cut by US Congress.

且它的資金差點就被美國國會給完全砍斷。

Then in 1993, after several other countries were brought

然後在1993年，在許多其他的國家

on board, the name was officially changed

加入後，名稱正式改為

to the International Space Station.

國際太空站。

Five years later, construction begins in space.

五年後，開始在太空中建造。

I'll show you the complete construction process,

我將會展示完整結構的過程，

but first, let's learn a little bit more about the station.

但首先，讓我們更加了解這個太空站。

This is the ISS as it looks today.

這是今日國際太空站的樣子。

It's mainly used to conduct science experiments

主要是用來進行科學實驗

that can only be done in space.

且只能在太空中完成的

There's usually six astronauts on board the station.

通常會有六個宇航員在太空站上。

They generally switch out about every six months

大致上是每六個月就會換一輪

so that no one spends too much time in space.

這樣就不會有人花太多時間在太空中。

The station is about the size of an American football field.

太空站的大小大概 等於一個美式足球場大。

It's located just outside the Earth's atmosphere.

它就位於在地球的大氣層之外

This is called Low Earth Orbit.

叫近地軌道。

It's not very high up, considering

並沒有非常高，考慮到

that some satellites orbit way out here.

還有一些衛星在外。

The ISS only takes about 92 minutes to orbit the earth.

國際太空站繞地球一圈只要花約92分鐘。

That's about 28,000 kilometers per hour.

時速大約28,000公里。

Over time, the ISS will slowly lose altitude.

隨著時間的推移， 國際太空站終會失去高度。

If nothing was done, the station would eventually burn up

如果沒有採取行動， 當他重回地球大氣層時

as it reenters the Earth's atmosphere.

就會燃燒起來。

To prevent this, the station must be periodically reboosted

為了避免此事，太空站必須定期的抬升

to stay in space.

才能保持在太空中。

The main countries now participating are United States,

主要參與的國家有 美國、

Canada, Russia, Japan and many countries

加拿大、俄羅斯、日本和其他

from the European Space Agency.

來自歐洲太空總署的國家。

Let's get to know the main parts of the station.

我們來了解一下太空站主要的部分。

The Integrated Truss Structure is kind

綜合桁架結構

of like the backbone of the station.

就像是太空站的骨幹。

It holds the solar arrays to generate electricity,

上面有用來發電的太陽能電池板

radiator panels, these remove heat

散熱器面板，這些能移除

from the station, and other equipment

太空站和其他設備的熱能

and science experiments are also attached.

還有科學實驗也附著於此。

This part down here contains the pressurized modules,

下面的部分包含加壓組件，

which means the astronauts can live and work in here

意味著宇航員能不穿太空衣

without a space suit.

就可以在此生活和工作。

All of the Russian modules make up

所有俄羅斯的組件組成

the Russian Orbital Segment.

俄羅斯軌道段

The other side is called the United States Orbital Segment.

另一邊叫美國軌道段

It's made up of modules from the United States,

這些組件的建造是由美國、

Europe, Japan and Canada.

歐洲、日本和加拿大。

The different pieces of the station, also called modules,

太空站的不同部位，又叫做組件，

were built in many locations around the globe.

是在全球許多地方打造的。

Each module was then launched into space

然後每個組件在由這三台火箭

by one of these three rockets,

發射到太空中。

the American Space Shuttle, the Russian Proton Rocket

美國的太空梭、俄羅斯的質子火箭

and the Russian Soyuz Rocket.

還有俄羅斯的聯合火箭

Once in space, it's time to put it all together.

一旦到太空後，就是時候把它組裝起來。

This is definitely not your average Lego set.

這絕對不是你平常玩的樂高。

Once construction started, the ISS took a little

建造開始後，國際太空站花了

over a decade before it was considered complete.

十年多的時間才被認為完工。

Each one of these lines represents the addition

每一條線代表附加的

of a new module to the station.

新組件被送到太空站。

Let's go ahead and start at the very beginning.

讓我們繼續探索並從頭開始。

The first piece

太空站的第一個

of the station is a Russian module called Zarya.

部分是俄羅斯的組件叫曙光號

It provides power from the solar arrays

由太陽能電池板供應電力

and also propulsion when there's a need to move the station.

還有當太空站需要移動時的動力。

There's three docking ports in front and one in back.

有三個對接口在前面還有一個在後面。

These will be used to connect

這些會被用來連接

to the next pieces of the station.

接下來太空站的部分。

The second module is American,

第二個組件是美國的，

and it's called Unity, or Node 1.

叫團結號或是1號節點。

It has six docking ports to connect to future modules.

有六個對接口可以連接未來的組件。

There's a special piece here to connect

這裡有一個特殊的部分

between the different docking mechanisms.

用來連接不同的對接機制。

This is called a Pressurized Mating Adapter,

這個叫Pressurized Mating Adapter。 （加壓配合適應器）

or PMA for short.

或是縮寫PMA。

Unity was launched with PMA-1 and PMA-2.

團結號跟著PMA-1和PMA-2一起發射。

This is the Zvezda service module.

這是星辰號服務艙。

It provides life support systems

它提供生命保障系統。

and is considered the functional center

且被認為是俄羅斯軌道段

of the Russian Orbital Segment.

功能上的中心。

It also has three docking ports in front and one in back.

它還有三個對接口在前面和一個在後面。

Next is the Z1 Truss.

接著是Z1桁架。

This holds equipment for the station.

這裡放有太空站上的設備。

It's not part of the main truss,

這不部分不是主要的桁架，

but it provided a temporary mounting place,

但它提供了一個臨時的安裝位置，

as we'll see here in a moment.

我們之後會看到這。

PMA-3 was then added to the bottom side of Unity.

PMA-3之後加到團結號的底部。

It's always good to have an extra one of these around.

這種東西是永遠都不嫌多。

The P6 Truss was temporarily mounted

P6桁架暫時安裝

to the top of the Z1 Truss.

在Z1桁架的上面。

This includes the first solar array wings.

這包括了第一個太陽能板翅膀。

This provides much needed power to the growing station.

提供了更多電力的需要給正在發展的太空站。

Radiator panels were also installed

散熱器面板也在此時安裝

to help remove excess heat from the station.

幫助移除太空站多餘的熱能。

At this point, there was enough functionality

此刻已有足夠的功能

that astronauts can start living aboard the station,

讓在站上的宇航員能開始生活。

instead of just temporary visits.

相較於只是短暫的拜訪。

From November 2000 until now,

從2000年的十一月到現在，

there has been a continuous human presence

已經持續有人

on board the station.

在站上光臨。

The Destiny module is also called the US Laboratory.

命運號也叫做美國實驗室。

This is a place where a lot of scientific research happens.

這是進行大量科學研究的地方。

A little rearranging was necessary

需要一點重新安排

so that Destiny could be installed.

這樣命運號才能被安裝。

March 2001 came the addition

2001年三月來了附加

of the External Stowage Platform 1, or ESP-1.

的External Stowage Platform 1，或ESP-1 （外部裝載平臺1）

This was a place to store spare parts for the station.

這個地方用來儲存太空站的備件

Canada made a vital contribution with the Canadarm2.

加拿大的加拿大臂2 做出了重大的貢獻。

It's a robotic arm that can help

這是一個機械手臂且能幫助

around the outside of the station.

太空站外的工作。

It's usually controlled by an astronaut

通常是由太空站裡的

who's on the inside of the station.

宇航員來控制。

Either end of the arm can be attached

手臂的兩端都可以附在

to one of these grapple fixtures

每個PDGFs裝置上

that you'll find on various modules.

且你會在許多組件上發現它。

The Quest airlock allows the astronauts to safely step

尋求號氣密艙讓宇航員能安全的

outside for a few hours to perform an EVA,

步出幾個小時到外實施EVA，

also known as a spacewalk.

或是叫熟知的太空行走。

This is a Russian module called Pirs.

這是俄羅斯的組件叫碼頭號

It can be used as an airlock for spacewalks

它可以當作是太空行走前作準備的氣密艙。

or as a docking port to allow visiting spacecraft

或當作是能讓來拜訪的太空船連接到太空站

to attach to the station.

的對接口。

Now we get to start building the integrated truss structure.

我們現在開始來建造集成桁架的結構。

If you remember from earlier,

如果你還記得稍早之前，

this is kind of like the backbone of the station.

這個就好像是太空站的骨幹。

Our first piece is the S0 Truss,

我們第一個部分是S0桁架，

and it gets attached to the top of the Destiny module.

它附著在命運號組建上方。

The Mobile remote servicer Base System,

The Mobile remote servicer Base System， （移動遠端維修系統）

or MBS, was added next.

或叫MBS，接著加入。

This platform can move along the truss.

這個平台能沿著桁架移動。

It's especially useful when the Canadarm2 is attached.

當附著加拿大臂2時特別有用。

Then the S1 Truss was added followed by the P1 Truss.

然後S1桁架加入，接著是P1桁架。

The S stands for starboard and the P stands for port.

S代表右舷，P代表端口。

This way, you know on which side of the station it's on.

這樣你就會知道它在太空站在哪一側。

Each side has room for three more radiator panels.

每側都有空間給三個散熱器面板。

For now, only the center ones will be installed.

而現在只有中間的被安裝。

ESP-2 was added to the station right next

ESP-2加在太空站上

to the Quest airlock.

尋求號氣密艙的旁邊

This is the P3/P4 Truss segments with solar arrays

這是P3、P4桁架及太陽能電池板

and another radiator panel.

還有另一個散熱器面板

The tiny P5 Truss goes at the end here.

小型的S5桁架在這裡的尾端。

To balance out the station,

為了保持平衡，

we'll have to retract a few panels.

我們必須撤回一些面板。

The following year, the other sides

接下來幾年，在另一邊

of the truss were added as well.

也加了桁架

ESP-3 goes down here.

ESP-3在此下方

And then the P6 Truss can be moved

然後P6桁架就可以被移到

to its final resting place.

它最後的安置點。

It's also time to deploy a few more radiator panels.

也是時候配置更多散熱器面板。

The Harmony module is also called Node 2.

和諧號又或叫2號節點。

It will be attached to the forward end of Destiny.

它將會附著在命運號的前端。

But first, we have to do some more rearranging.

但首先，我們必須做更多的重配。

Harmony has six docking ports which will allow

和諧號有六個對接口，能給

for further expansion of the station.

未來太空站的擴展。

Next comes the Columbus module,

接著來的是哥倫布組件，

which is a European laboratory.

是歐洲的實驗室。

Now we get some more robotics also built by Canada.

我們現在有更多加拿大造的機器人。

This is a space robot called Dextre.

它是太空機器人叫Dextre。

It can attach to the same grapple fixtures

他同樣可以附著在

that are used by the Canadarm2.

用於加拿大臂2 的PDGFs裝置上

In fact, Dextre is most useful when it's attached

事實上， Dextre會更有用處當他附在

to the end of the Canadarm2.

加拿大臂2尾端時。

The largest module is the Japanese Experiment Module,

最大的組就是日本的實驗組件，

also known as Kibo.

也被稱為希望號。

It came up to the station in several pieces.

來太空站時分好幾個部分。

It even has its own robotic arm.

甚至還有自己的機械手臂。

Finally, we have the S6 Truss,

最後，是S6桁架

the last of the truss segments.

最後一個桁架段。

Now we're starting

現在開始

to look a little more like the space station.

看起來更像是太空站了

These solar arrays will be rotated

這些太陽能電池板會被旋轉

so that they face towards the sun.

使它們面向太陽。

This helps the arrays generate more power for the station.

幫助了太陽能電池板為太空站發更多電力。

The Japanese Experiment Module has one last addition.

日本的實驗室組建是最後一個附加物。

It's called the Japanese Exposed Facility.

叫日本的曝露設施。

This allows research to be conducted in the vacuum of space.

這讓研究能在真空還境下進行。

The Russian module Poisk is very similar to Pirs.

俄羅斯的探索號跟碼頭號非常相似。

It was another place for Russian spacecraft to dock.

是另外一個讓俄羅斯太空船對接的地方。

This is the first ExPRESS Logistic Carrier, or ELC-1.

這是第一個ExPRESS Logistic Carrier，或叫ELC-1。

This is a place to store hardware

這是存放硬體的地方，

to help the station work correctly.

能幫助太空站正常運作。

ELC-2 was installed on top of the truss here.

ELC-2安裝在桁架上。

The Tranquility module, also known as Node 3,

寧靜號組件又或叫3號節點，

is added to the side of Unity.

加在團結號的側邊。

On the bottom side of Tranquility is a small room

寧靜號的底部有一個小空間

called the Cupola.

叫穹頂

This has seven windows from which to see the view.

有七個觀景窗。

Each window has a cover that can be closed

每個窗戶都有遮蓋板，

when they are not in use.

在沒用時能關閉。

Then came another Russian module called Rassvet.

然後來了另一個俄羅斯的組件叫晨曦號。

This was used for storage and as another docking port.

它用來當做倉庫和另一個對接口。

The Leonardo module is used for storage

李奧納多號組件是用於存放

of supplies and waste.

補給和垃圾。

The trash will build up here

垃圾會在這裡堆積

until it can be removed from the station.

直到能從太空站移除為止。

Here's ELC-3 and -4.

這裡是ELC-3和-4。

This is a science experiment

這是一項科學試驗

called the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.

叫the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer。 （阿爾法磁譜儀）

It's used to study rare particles such as antimatter.

用來研究稀少的粒子例如反物質。

A more recent addition to the station is

最近太空站的附加物是叫

called the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module,

the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module， （畢格羅可擴展活動性模件，非官方翻譯）

or BEAM for short.

或是縮寫BEAM。

It takes up a small amount of space during launch

在發射的期間只佔了一小部分空間

and then inflated once attached to the station.

然後附著在太空站時充氣。

BEAM is an experiment to see

BEAM是一項實驗去探討

if this kind of technology can work.

這樣的科技是否可行。

The ISS only has funding through 2025.

國際太空站的資金只到2025年，

But hopefully, that will be extended.

但希望會被延長。

After that, we may see pieces of the station repurposed

在之後，我們可能會看到部分太空站會被重新利用

for other projects in space.

於其他的太空計畫。

I want to thank my supporters on Patreon

我想要感謝我在Patreon上的贊助者

for helping me make this video.

幫助我製作這部影片。

This won't be the last time you'll see an animation

這將不會是最後一部

from me about the International Space Station.

我的國際太空站動畫片。

Stay tuned and let me know what you want

敬請關注和在下方留言

to see next, in the comments below.

讓我知道你對下部片的想法。

I'm Jared Owen.

我是Jared Owen。

Thanks for watching.

感謝收看。

(gentle music)

（柔和的音樂）