Name: 緬甸軍事政變、瀕臨絕種的鯨鯊、玩雪的大熊貓｜2021年2月2日。 (The Biggest Fish In The Sea | February 2, 2021)
Uploaded: 2021-02-08T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 10 min 1 s

分詞構句

The South Asian country of Myanmar, also known as Burma, is where we begin today's show.

今天的節目由東南亞國家緬甸展開。

I'm Carl Azuz, we're glad to have you watching.

我是 Carl Azus，很高興有各位收看。

基礎被動語態

The troubled country is located between Bangladesh and Thailand.

這個飽受麻煩的國家位於孟加拉國和泰國之間。

We say troubled because it's in the middle of a military coup—a takeover—and that military announced yesterday it had removed and replaced Myanmar's civilian leader and 24 members of her government.

我們說「麻煩」是因為它正處於軍事政變、接管之中，而軍方昨天宣佈，已經撤換了緬甸的文職領導人和她的 24 名政府官員。

The Burmese military has taken over before in 1962.

緬甸軍方曾經在 1962 年接管過。

It ruled the country for decades after that, and when it didn't like the results of an election in 1990, it put an elected party leader under house arrest.

並在其後統治這個國家數十年，而當 1990 一場選舉結果不如軍方之意時，它們便將一名當選政黨領導人軟禁。

To complicate matters further, the nation's government has fought conflicts with ethnic groups who want their independence from Myanmar.

讓情勢更複雜的是，該國政府也與希望從緬甸統治下獨立出來的少數民族發生了衝突。

A militant group linked to the nation's Rohingya Muslims attacked government forces in 2016 and 2017, and the military responded by cracking down on Rohingyas, causing hundreds of thousands of civilians to flee to neighboring Bangladesh.

一個與該國羅興亞穆斯林相關的激進組織在 2016 年和 2017 年襲擊了政府軍，而軍方是以鎮壓羅興亞人反擊，導致數十萬平民逃往鄰國孟加拉國。

It is a textbook example of a military coup.

這是一則軍事政變的典型例子。

Troops showing up before dawn at the homes of elected lawmakers in Myanmar, arresting them in the dark.

部隊在天亮前出現在緬甸獲選立法者的家中，在黑暗之中逮捕他們。

An announcement read out on the military-owned TV channel, declaring that this man, Military Chief Min Aung Hlaing, is assuming control of the government.

在軍營的電視頻道上宣讀的一則公告宣稱軍方負責人敏昂來預備要接管政府的控制權。

The state of emergency is in effect nationwide and the duration of the state of emergency is set to one year.

現在全國已宣布緊急狀態，並將持續時間設定為一年。

Now detained and held incommunicado, the country's de facto leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, along with the president and a growing number of other top government officials from her National League for Democracy party.

現在被拘留和單獨監禁的包括該國實際領導人翁山蘇姬、總統和越來越多名全國明主聯盟黨的高級政府官員。

We've also heard that, you know, activists, some student leaders... um... politicians from around the country—not just in Naypyidaw and Yangon—they've been taken.

我們還聽說激進份子、一些學生領袖、來自全國各地的政治家（不僅限於內比都和仰光）都被帶走了。

And, you know, there's just no way to verify where they are or what they're doing.

只是沒有辦法證明他們在哪裡以及他們在做什麼。

For many in Myanmar, the military's shocking power play is a traumatic reminder of what up until 2015 had been more than a half century of military dictatorship where any public dissent was brutally crushed.

對於緬甸許多人來說，軍方令人震驚的權力遊戲是沉痛地提醒了他們，直到 2015 年前的半個多世紀，緬甸一直是受軍事獨裁統治，任何公眾異議都被殘酷地鎮壓。

It's devastating because now people are wondering, "Are we gonna live under another five to seven decades of this shadow over us?"

這是破壞性的，因為現在人們都在思考自己是否要再在這種陰影下生活 50 到 70 年。

During military rule, Suu Kyi became an international symbol of Myanmar's pro-democracy movement, winning a Nobel Peace Prize while under house arrest in Yangon for some 15 years.

在軍事統治期間，翁山蘇姬成為緬甸支持民主運動的國際象徵，在仰光被軟禁了約 15 年獲頒諾貝爾和平獎。

That changed in 2015 when the military finally allowed the country's first modern democratic elections.

情勢在 2015 年軍方終於允許該國舉行初次現代民主選舉時產生了變化。

The people who have decided that they must be involved in the political process of this country.

人民決定了他們必須參與國家的政治進程。

People celebrated in the streets after Suu Kyi and her party won by a landslide.

翁山蘇姬和她的政黨以壓倒性優勢獲勝後，人們在街頭慶祝。

She entered an uneasy power sharing agreement with the military.

她與軍方簽訂了不穩定的分權協議。

But excitement over Myanmar's transition to civilian rule faded in 2017 amid disturbing scenes of hundreds of thousands of members of the Rohingya Muslim ethnic minority fleeing across the border to Bangladesh to escape a brutal military crackdown.

但緬甸轉向民主統治的喜悅逐漸消逝在 2017 年，當數十萬羅興亞穆斯林少數民族為躲避殘酷的軍事鎮壓而越過邊境逃往孟加拉國引起不安之時。

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was their ethnic cleansing in Rakhine state.

杜翁山蘇姬是他們在若開邦時的種族清洗。

The Nobel Peace Prize winner defended the military, rejecting accusations of genocide.

這位諾貝爾和平獎得主為軍方辯護，駁斥種族滅絕的指控。

On November 8, 2020, the people of Myanmar went back to the ballot box in another national election.

2020 年 11 月 8 日，緬甸人民又一次返回投票箱進行全國大選。

Despite the threat of COVID-19, they voted in huge numbers, expanding Suu Kyi's mandate and all but crushing military-backed candidates at the polls.

儘管有新冠病毒的威脅，民眾依然大批前往投票，擴大翁山蘇姬的權勢，壓倒性地戰勝擁有軍援的候選人。

Without providing evidence, the military claimed electoral fraud and has now used these claims to justify its overthrow of the government.

在未有證據的情況下，軍方變聲稱選舉舞弊，現在已經利用這些主張來辯護推翻政府之舉。

The Burmese military has proven themselves very capable of slaughtering its own people.

緬甸軍方已經證明過他們有能力屠殺自己的人民。

So we have, uh, extremely, you know, troubling situation from here on because the pretense of civility in politics, pretense of democratization is finished.

所以我們從現在開始會有很麻煩的情況，因為政治中的文明和民主化偽裝已經瓦解了。

A country with a long, violent history now headed into a new period of deep uncertainty.

這個有著悠久暴力歷史的國家現在又進入了一個新的不穩定期。

What is the only animal species in the genus Rhincodon?

以下唯一屬鯨鯊種的動物種類是？

Whale shark, meerkat, grey parrot, or lemur?

鯨鯊、狐蒙、灰鸚鵡還是狐猴？

Answer here is the biggest fish in the sea, the whale shark, which can weigh more than 40,000 pounds.

這裡的答案是海中最大的魚，也就是鯨鯊，它的重量可以超過 4 萬磅。

Despite that and the fact that they're as big as school busses, whale sharks are a pretty good choice If you're gonna be swimming with sharks.

儘管牠的重量以及和校車一樣的體型，鯨鯊是你想與鯊共泳時一個相當不錯的選擇。

They're found around the world in warm waters.

牠們在世界各地的溫水域中都能被找到。

They've been an endangered species since 2016.

牠們自 2016 年以來就被列為瀕危物種。

Two of the biggest threats they face are habitat loss and fishing, including times they've been caught by accident.

牠面臨的最大威脅之二分別是棲息地喪失和捕魚，包括牠們被意外捕獲的時候。

But there are people working to protect and study this enormous fish.

但有人在努力保護和研究這種巨大的魚類。

[Whale sharks are the world's biggest fish, but they are not dangerous to humans.]

[鯨鯊是世界上最大的魚類，但牠們對人類不危險。]

[These gentle giants feed on tiny organisms in the ocean.]

[這些溫和的巨獸以海洋中微生物為食。]

I love jumping in with whale sharks, but it can be intimidating.

我喜歡跳入海中和鯨鯊游泳，但這是件可能令人害怕的事。

They're as big as a bus, and to have such a huge creature come at you out of the deep blue, it sort of does take your breath away.

他們跟公車一樣大，當看到這種體型的生物從深海朝你游來，確實會令你屏息。

[Brad Norman is a marine conservationist based in Western Australia.]

[Brad Norman 是駐西澳的海洋保育學家。]

[He has been coming to Ningaloo for over 25 years to study this endangered species.]

[他逾 25 年來都是在寧格羅海域研究這個瀕危物種。]

I've swum with whale sharks on thousands of occasions, but I still get a buzz every time I go out.

我有過上千次與鯨鯊共泳的經驗，但每次入海還是會感到很興奮。

[Whale sharks are endangered due to human activity.]

[鯨鯊因人類活動而淪為瀕臨絕種動物。]

[Populations are estimated to have dropped more than 50% in the past 75 years.]

[數量估計在過去 75 年以來降低超過 50%。]

Rottnest Island has a long history in my life; we used to come here on our school holidays.

羅特尼斯島在我人生中占有一席之地，以前學校放假期間都會來這裡。

And it was here that I got to swim and snorkel in this beautiful environment, and that really encouraged me to wanna go down the path of being a marine biologist.

我就是在這裡得到在美麗環境中游泳和浮潛的機會，那激勵我走上了成為海洋生物學家的道路。

[Norman helped found a photo-identification program for whale sharks.]

[Norman 協助發起了一個鯨鯊照片辨識計畫。]

[Over 10,000 people from more than 50 countries have uploaded images of whale sharks, helping to map their locations worldwide.]

[來自 50 個國家逾 1 萬人都曾上傳鯨鯊的影像，有助牠們的全球定位。]

Well, we're starting to find out areas of critical importance to whale sharks—where they're traveling to for important aspects of their life.

我們開始發現對鯨鯊來說至關重要的區域，也就是牠們為了生活重要方面所需而前往的位置。

Whale sharks are covered in a beautiful pattern of lines and spots, but how do we compare one pattern of spots against another?

鯨鯊身上佈滿了美麗的線條和斑點圖案，但我們如何將一組斑點圖與另一組進行比較呢？

So, we adapted an algorithm that NASA scientists use in the Hubble Space Telescope to map stars in the night sky.

於是我們應用了 NASA 科學家運用在哈伯太空望遠鏡的夜空繪製演算法。

We map the pattern of spots on the skin of a whale shark and then, like fingerprint recognition, scan that photo against the thousands of other photos, and if it's a match, it's the same shark.

我們繪製鯨鯊身上的斑點圖案，然後像指紋辨識一樣，將這張照片與其它數千張照片進行掃描比對，如果吻合，那就是同一尾鯨鯊。

The Wildbook for Whale Sharks is an online database that, um, encourages members of the public to be citizen scientists.

鯨鯊野生書是一個線上資料庫，鼓勵民眾成為公民科學家。

If they get to see a whale shark and they swim with one, to take a photo of the area, the special ID area, which is behind the gills.

如果他們看到鯨鯊，就朝牠游去並對著鰓後的特定身分辨識區域拍一張照片。

Take a photo of that area, send it in to The Wildbook.

拍一張那個位置的照片，然後傳到野生書上。

Well, as we find more about these animals, it's gonna help us work out systems and ways to protect them in the long-term.

當我們對這些動物有更多認識，就能夠幫助我們研究出可以長期保護牠們的系統與方式。

[Norman says this type of crowdsourced data is vital to whale shark conservation.]

[Norman 表示這種眾包數據對於鯨鯊保育非常重要。]

Over the last few years, the, um, the numbers of sightings that are coming in is increasing all the time.

在過去的幾年裡，收集到的目擊數據持續在增加。

It's so important to have members of the public assisting with our project.

有民眾協助我們的計畫是非常重要的。

By taking a photograph and helping us with our research, we can all work together to save the species.

透過拍攝照片並助研究一臂之力，我們可以共同努力拯救這個物種。

As forecasters predicted, several inches of snow have fallen on Washington D.C. this week, and it ain't just people who've noticed and taken advantage.

如天氣預報指出，華盛頓特區本週已經下了幾英寸的雪，注意到並加以利用的不只有人類。

The Smithsonian released this video of two pandas at play at the National Zoo.

史密森學會發布的這段影片展現兩隻大熊貓在國家動物園玩耍的樣子。

Doesn't look like they need a sled, and it doesn't matter that these two animals are in their early twenties—they're a couple of cubs in the snow.

牠們看起來並不需要雪橇，就算已經二十出頭也無所謂，牠們在這裡只是一對在雪地裡玩耍的幼崽。

Well, there snow thing [there's nothing] wrong with taking a day to chill.

花一天玩雪納涼不是什麼錯事。

They have below zero reasons not to fancy a flurry of frolicking fun.

牠們完全沒有理由不想要一陣嬉鬧。

And that's iceactly [exactly] the kind of ice to see [ecstasy] to give us all a little bamboost [bamboo + boost]—we're glad they didn't flake out.

而這正是給大家帶來的一點刺激的興奮劑，還好牠們沒有累癱。

Hey, we hear it's also snowy in Elkins, West Virginia.

嘿，我們聽說西維吉尼亞州的埃爾金斯也在下雪。

我在這裡向榆林山學校打聲招呼。

We hope you're having fun and staying warm.

希望你們玩得開心、待得溫暖。