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  • MICHAEL: Hi, I'm Michael from ETS.

    嗨,我是ETS的邁克爾。嗨,我是ETS的邁克爾。

  • Today on Inside the TOEFL Test,

    今天的《托福考試內參》。

  • we're going inside the TOEFL iBT Listening section.

    我們要進入托福iBT聽力部分。

  • Specifically, the Organization questions.

    具體來說,組織問題:

  • Organization questions ask you to show understanding

    組織題要求你表示理解

  • of how a lecture is structured.

    的講座是如何安排的。

  • You can recognize organization questions

    你可以認識組織問題

  • because they often include phrases

    因為它們往往包括以下短語

  • such as "Why does the professor mention...?"

    如 "教授為什麼提到......?"

  • or "Why does the professor discuss...?"

    或 "教授為什麼要討論......?"

  • These kinds of phrases show that organization questions

    這類短語表明,組織問題

  • are often asked about the examples in a lecture,

    經常會被問到講課中的例子。

  • so it helps to listen for examples,

    所以,聽聽例子是有幫助的。

  • and think about why the professor is using them.

    並思考教授為什麼要使用它們。

  • Now let's look at a sample question.

    現在我們來看一道例題。

  • The question is from a literature lecture about

    本題來自於一次文學講座,內容是

  • detective novels, including one titled The Moonstone.

    偵探小說,包括一部名為《月光石》的。

  • The passage focuses on an important character

    這段話集中體現了一個重要人物

  • from The Moonstone named Sergeant Cuff

    從月光石上取名 "手銬中士

  • who is trying to solve a crime.

    試圖破案的人。

  • Here is an excerpt from the lecture:

    以下是講座的節選。

  • PROFESSOR: So, now Cuff arrives.

    那麼,現在Cuff來了。

  • Uh, Cuff is the man who's coming to solve the mystery,

    呃, Cuff是來解謎的人,

  • and-and again he has a lot of the characteristics that

    而且,他有很多的特點,再次

  • future detectives throughout the history of this genre will have.

    未來的偵探在這一類型的歷史上會有。

  • Um, He's eccentric.

    嗯,他是古怪的。

  • Um, He has a hobby that he's obsessive about-in this ...

    嗯,他有一個愛好,他的執著,這... ...

  • uh, in this case, it's the love of roses.

    呃,在這種情況下,它的愛 玫瑰。

  • He's a fanatic about the breeding of roses;

    他是個玫瑰花育種的狂熱者。

  • and here think of Nero Wolfe and his orchids,

    在這裡想起了尼祿-沃爾夫和他的蘭花。

  • uh Sherlock Holmes and his violin,

    呃,夏洛克・福爾摩斯和他的小提琴。

  • uh a lot of those later classic detective heroes

    呃,很多那些後來的經典偵探英雄。

  • have this kind of outside interest that they uh ...

    有這種外在的利益,他們呃...

  • they go to as a kind of antidote to the evil

    他們去作為一種解毒劑的邪惡。

  • and misery they encounter in their daily lives.

    和他們在日常生活中遇到的苦難。

  • Now, um, these detective heroes .. um..

    現在,嗯,這些偵探英雄... ... 嗯... ...

  • they have this characteristic of being smart, incredibly smart,

    他們有這樣的特點,就是聰明,聰明得不可思議。

  • but of not appearing to be smart.

    但的不顯得聰明。

  • And uh most importantly,

    最重要的是

  • from uh a kind of existential point of view,

    從呃一種存在的角度來看。

  • these detectives see things that other people do not see.

    這些偵探看到了別人看不到的東西。

  • And that's why the detective is such an important figure,

    這也是為什麼偵探是一個如此重要的人物。

  • I think, in our modern imagination.

    我想,在我們現代人的想象中。

  • Um, In the case of The Moonstone-

    嗯,在 "月牙泉 "的情況下... ...

  • um I don't want to say too much here and spoil it for you-

    嗯,我不想說太多 在這裡,破壞它為你 -

  • but the clue that's key to ...

    但關鍵的線索是...

  • the solving of the crime is a smeared bit of paint

    破案如麻

  • in a doorway.

    在門口。

  • Um, of course, the regular police have missed this paint

    嗯,當然,正規警察已經錯過了這個塗料

  • smear or made some sort of unwarranted assumption about it.

    抹黑或做了某種無端的假設。

  • Cuff sees this smear of paint-um this paint,

    卡夫看到了這一抹油漆--嗯,這油漆。

  • the place where the paint is smeared-

    沾染處

  • and realizes that from this one smear of paint

    並意識到,從這一塗鴉開始

  • you can actually deduce the whole situation ...

    其實你可以推斷出整個情況......。

  • um, the whole world.

    嗯,整個世界。

  • And-And that's what the hero in a detective novel like this ...

    這就是偵探小說中的主角... ...

  • brings to it that the other characters don't-

    帶來的,其他角色不--。

  • it's um it's this ability to see meaning

    這是嗯,它是這種能力 看到的意義。

  • where others see no meaning

    在別人看來毫無意義

  • and to bring order ... to where uh it seems there is no order.

    並帶來秩序... ...在那裡,呃,似乎沒有秩序。

  • MICHAEL: Here's an example of an organization question:

    MICHAEL: Here's an example of an organization question:這是一個組織問題的例子。

  • Why does the professor mention a smeared bit of paint

    為什麼教授會提到有一點油漆的痕跡?

  • in a doorway in The Moonstone?

    在《月光石》的門口?

  • Let's look at the answer choices one at a time.

    我們來逐一看一下答案選擇。

  • Choice A can be ruled out

    可以排除選擇A

  • because the professor directly states

    因為教授直接說

  • that noticing the smeared paint is the key

    察覺到油漆的汙濁是關鍵所在。

  • to solving the crime, not a mistake.

    到破案,而不是錯誤。

  • For option B to be correct, there would have been a pattern

    要使選項B正確,就必須有一個模式。

  • of discussing details from the crime scene.

    討論犯罪現場的細節。

  • But the smeared paint is the only visual detail

    但是,塗抹的油漆是唯一的視覺細節。

  • from the crime scene that is mentioned.

    從提到的犯罪現場。

  • So option B is not correct.

    所以B選項不正確。

  • Option D can be eliminated because the professor states

    選項D可以排除,因為教授表示

  • that the police officers didn't notice the smeared paint.

    警察沒有注意到這些被塗抹的油漆。

  • Option C is the best answer because the professor talks

    選項C是最佳答案,因為教授會講

  • about hero detectives in mystery novels

    偵探小說

  • and the characteristics they have in common.

    以及它們的共同特點。

  • The professor indicates that there is a pattern

    教授表示,有一個模式

  • when he says this:

    當他說這句話的時候。

  • PROFESSOR: These detectives see things

    這些偵探看到的東西

  • that other people do not see.

    別人看不到的。

  • MICHAEL: Here's a listening tip that can help you understand

    MICHAEL: Here's a listening tip that can help you understand:這裡有一個聽力提示,可以幫助你理解

  • how a lecture is organized: Listen for the signal words

    如何組織講座。聽好信號詞

  • that indicate the introduction, major ideas,

    表示介紹、主要觀點的。

  • examples and the conclusion or summary.

    例子和結論或總結。

  • These might be sequence words like "first," "next" and "then."

    這些可能是序列詞,如 "首先"、"接下來 "和 "然後"。

  • Or they might indicate time or a chronology,

    或者它們可能表示時間或年表。

  • like "before," "during" or "since."

    如 "之前"、"期間 "或 "以來"。

  • Or they could show cause and effect,

    或者他們可以展示因果。

  • like "accordingly" or "as a result."

    如 "相應 "或 "結果"。

  • These signal words are good cues for when to take notes.

    這些信號詞很好的提示了什麼時候做筆記。

  • There are lots of ways to improve your English skills.

    有很多方法可以提高你的英語能力。

  • Whatever you do, keep practicing.

    不管你做什麼,都要繼續練習。

  • And good luck on your TOEFL test.

    並祝你托福考試順利。

MICHAEL: Hi, I'm Michael from ETS.

嗨,我是ETS的邁克爾。嗨,我是ETS的邁克爾。

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