Despite losing pole position in 2013, trade has been an engine of growth for the United States for decades.

儘管在2013年失去了極點地位，但幾十年來，貿易一直是美國增長的引擎。

And this is where the U.S. trade representative wields considerable influence.

而這正是美國貿易代表發揮相當大的影響力的地方。

For the United States Trade Representative, I nominate Katherine Tai

我提名Katherine Tai為美國貿易代表。

a trusted trade expert, a dedicated public servant who knows government.

一個值得信賴的貿易專家，一個專心致志的懂政府的公務員。

The job is even more critical amidst the rise of China's economic might and its wider ambitions,

在中國經濟實力的崛起及其更廣泛的野心下，這項工作更為關鍵。

such as its Made in China 2025 roadmap and the Belt and Road initiative.

如其《中國製造2025》路線圖和一帶一路倡議。

These, together with increased protectionism worldwide, will have broader geopolitical implications in the long-term.

這些問題，加上世界範圍內保護主義的加強，將在長期內產生更廣泛的地緣政治影響。

So, what is the role of a trade czar all about, and how will this affect U.S. trade policies?

那麼，貿易沙皇的作用到底是什麼，這將對美國的貿易政策產生怎樣的影響？

The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative, or USTR, develops and executes the country's

美國貿易代表辦公室，即USTR，負責制定和執行國家的貿易政策。

international trade, commodity and direct investment policies, including trade deals.

國際貿易、商品和直接投資政策，包括貿易交易；

This is done through its offices that handle bilateral negotiations, multilateral deals,

這是由其處理雙邊談判、多邊交易的辦事處完成的。

sectoral activities, policy coordination and public outreach.

部門活動、政策協調和公共宣傳。

Some of these offices cover geographical regions, while others handle specific issues such as

其中一些辦事處負責地理區域，而其他辦事處則負責處理具體問題，例如：

intellectual property, textiles, environment and labor.

知識產權、紡織品、環境和勞工；

All these are done by a small team of over 200 staff, including lawyers and economists.

所有這些工作都是由一個包括律師和經濟學家在內的200多人的小團隊完成的。

At the helm is the trade representative - or informally, a trade czar -

掌舵人是貿易代表--或非正式地稱為貿易沙皇--。

the principal trade advisor to the President, negotiator, and spokesperson on trade issues.

總統的主要貿易顧問、談判代表和貿易問題發言人；

The number of czars in each administration reads like a laundry list, and the number varies according to who is in the White House.

每屆政府的沙皇數量就像一張洗衣單，而且根據誰入主白宮而有所不同。

In fact, the term “czar” is an unofficial title for official advisors to the President.

事實上，"沙皇 "一詞是對總統官方顧問的非官方稱號。

During the Obama administration, there was a “green-jobs czar,“ an “Ebola czar”

在奧巴馬政府期間，有一個 "綠色就業沙皇"，一個 "埃博拉沙皇"

and get this - an “Asian Carp czar” to handle the invasive fish species threatening America's biodiversity.

並得到這個--"亞洲鯉魚沙皇 "來處理威脅美國生物多樣性的入侵魚類物種。

Some critics have said that these czars add unnecessary layers of bureaucracy to the government.

一些批評者說，這些沙皇給政府增加了不必要的官僚主義層次。

In 2009, six Republican lawmakers wrote in a letter to Obama that his bevy of czars

2009年，六位共和黨議員在給奧巴馬的信中寫道，他的一眾沙皇。

"may be undermining the constitutional oversight responsibilities of Congress.”

"可能會破壞國會的憲法監督職責。"

But not all czars are created equal, and the informal title is a relatively modern phenomenon

但並不是所有的沙皇都是一樣的，非正式的頭銜是一個比較現代的現象。

that gained ground with Franklin Roosevelt.

，獲得了富蘭克林-羅斯福的支持。

Most czars are appointed directly by the President, while some, such as the drug czar and the trade czar,

大多數沙皇是由總統直接任命的，而一些沙皇，如毒品沙皇和貿易沙皇。

must be confirmed by the U.S. Senate.

必須由美國參議院確認。

Until 1962, the trade czar role didn't exist, and the U.S. state department was largely

在1962年之前，貿易沙皇的角色並不存在，美國的國務院主要是

responsible for trade and investment diplomacy.

負責貿易和投資外交；

If appointed, Katherine Tai will be the first Asian-American to serve as the trade chief.

如果被任命，戴凱琳將成為首位擔任貿易主管的亞裔美國人。

Her experience in negotiating with China meant that she had wide bipartisan support

她與中國談判的經驗意味著她得到了兩黨的廣泛支持。

including from labor and big business groups.

包括來自勞工和大企業集團。

Tai, who has family roots in China and Taiwan, is a graduate of Yale University and Harvard Law School.

家鄉在中國大陸和臺灣的戴先生，畢業於耶魯大學和哈佛大學法學院。

From 2007 to 2014, the Connecticut native worked at the USTR, with the final three years

從2007年到2014年，康涅狄格州人在美國貿易代表辦公室工作，最後三年

as the chief lawyer to police China trade issues.

作為首席律師，對中國貿易問題進行警務。

In 2012, the fluent Mandarin speaker was instrumental in getting 18 other economies to join a landmark case against China

2012年，這位操著一口流利的國語的人在促使其他18個經濟體加入針對中國的標誌性案件中發揮了重要作用。

at the World Trade Organization regarding its restrictions on rare earth exports.

世界貿易組織對稀土出口的限制。

Her subsequent work in Congress on the renegotiated US-Mexico-Canada Agreement, and legislation proposals

她隨後在國會就重新談判的《美墨加協定》開展工作，並提出立法建議。

that banned imports made with forced labor in China's Xinjiang region, has drawn bipartisan support for her appointment.

禁止進口中國新疆地區強迫勞動的產品，她的任命得到了兩黨的支持。

Tai's experience in confronting unfair trade practices with China may mean that the trade war

戴志康面對中國不公平貿易行為的經驗，或許意味著貿易戰的

between the two countries is unlikely to end anytime soon.

兩國之間的關係不可能很快結束。

But unlike Trump's trade czar Robert Lighthizer's knuckleduster approach of alienating allies,

但與特朗普的貿易沙皇羅伯特-萊特希澤疏遠盟友的節操不同。

Tai is expected to favor a conciliatory approach.

預計戴志康會傾向於採取和解的方式。

In August 2020, Tai called Lighthizer's tariff wars “largely defensive” and outlined a more offensive approach to be

2020年8月，戴志康稱萊特希澤的關稅戰 "主要是防守性的"，並概述了一種更具攻擊性的方法，以待

"faster, nimbler, able to jump higher and able to compete stronger.”

"更快，更靈活，能夠跳得更高，能夠競爭得更強。"

This is in line with Biden's priority to strengthen multilateral ties with traditional

這與拜登優先加強與傳統國家的多邊關係是一致的。

U.S. allies in Asia and Europe in dealing with China.

美國在亞洲和歐洲的盟友在應對中國。

During the Obama-Biden administration, she was the chief trade enforcer against unfair trade practices by China,

在奧巴馬-拜登政府期間，她是反對中國不公平貿易行為的首席貿易執法者。

which will be a key priority in the Biden-Harris administration.

這將是拜登-哈里斯政府的一個重要優先事項。

This might mean that Tai could be instrumental in pivoting the U.S. back to Asia through bilateral trade deals or multilateral ones

這或許意味著，戴志康可以通過雙邊貿易協議或多邊貿易協議，在推動美國重返亞洲方面發揮重要作用。

such as the CPTPP, or the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership,

如CPTPP或《跨太平洋夥伴關係全面和進步協定》。

which Trump withdrew from in 2017.

特朗普在2017年退出的。

This will allow the U.S. to have a say in writing the trade rules in the 21st century

這將使美國在21世紀的貿易規則制定中擁有發言權。

while countering China's growing influence in the region.

同時對抗中國在該地區日益增長的影響力。

This historic nomination comes at a time when multilateralism is in retreat worldwide

這一歷史性的提名是在多邊主義在全球範圍內退縮的時候提出的。

while China is asserting its might to rewrite the rules of the global order.

而中國卻在宣稱自己的強大，要改寫全球秩序的規則。

With global trade battered by the pandemic, challenges brewing domestically

全球貿易受到疫情打擊，國內也在醞釀挑戰

and America's international standing eroded, Tai will have her job cut out for her.

而美國的國際地位被削弱，戴氏將會有她的工作。

Trade is like any other tool in our domestic or foreign policy.

貿易就像我們國內或外交政策中的任何其他工具一樣。

It is not an end in itself; it is a means to create more hope and opportunity for people.

它本身不是目的，而是為人們創造更多希望和機會的手段。

And it only succeeds when the humanity and dignity of every American and of all people

只有當每一個美國人和所有人民的人性和尊嚴得到保障時，它才會成功。

lie at the heart of our approach.

處於我們方法的核心。

Hi, everyone. We'd love to know what you think Biden's new trade czar will bring to the table.

大家好我們很想知道你們認為拜登的新貿易沙皇會給我們帶來什麼。

Thanks for watching, don't forget to subscribe. And stay safe.

謝謝觀看，別忘了訂閱。並保持安全。