Today, Make sure you check out his channel after this video.

今天，一定要在這段視頻之後看看他的頻道。

Planet Earth. That shiny blue marble that has fascinated humanity since they first began

地球那塊閃閃發光的藍色大理石，自人類開始使用以來就一直吸引著人類

to walk across its surface. And why shouldn't it fascinate us? In addition to being our

走過它的表面。為什麼它不應該讓我們著迷呢？除了是我們的

home and the place where life as we know it originated, it remains the only planet we

是我們所知的生命的起源地 它仍然是我們唯一的星球

know of where life thrives. And over the course of the past few centuries, we have learned

知道了生命繁衍的地方。在過去的幾個世紀裡，我們已經瞭解到

much about Earth, which has only deepened our fascination with it.

關於地球的很多東西，這隻會加深我們對地球的迷戀。

But how much does the average person really know about the planet Earth? You've lived

但普通人對地球到底瞭解多少呢？你生活過

on Planet Earth all of your life, but how much do you really know about the ground underneath

在地球上生活了一輩子，但你對地球下面的土地又瞭解多少呢？

your feet? You probably have lots of interesting facts rattling around in your brain, but here

你的腳？你可能會有很多有趣的事實在你的大腦裡晃來晃去，但在這裡。

are 10 more interesting facts about Earth that you may, or may not know.

關於地球的10個更有趣的事實，你可能知道，也可能不知道。

1. Plate Tectonics Keep the Planet Comfortable: Earth is the only planet in the Solar System

1.板塊構造使地球保持舒適。地球是太陽系中唯一的行星

with plate tectonics. Basically, the outer crust of the Earth is broken up into regions

與板塊構造學。基本上，地球的外層地殼被分解成不同的區域。

known as tectonic plates. These are floating on top of the magma interior of the Earth

稱為構造板塊。這些板塊漂浮在地球岩漿內部的頂部。

and can move against one another. When two plates collide, one plate will subduct (go

並能相互移動。當兩個板塊發生碰撞時，其中一個板塊會發生下沉（去掉

underneath another), and where they pull apart, they will allow fresh crust to form.

在另一個下面），在它們拉開的地方，它們會讓新鮮的麵皮形成。

This process is very important, and for a number of reasons. Not only does it lead to

這個過程非常重要，原因有很多。它不僅導致

tectonic resurfacing and geological activity (i.e. earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, mountain-building,

構造重現和地質活動（如地震、火山爆發、造山。

and oceanic trench formation), it is also intrinsic to the carbon cycle. When microscopic

和海洋海溝的形成），它也是碳循環的內在因素。當微觀

plants in the ocean die, they fall to the bottom of the ocean.

海洋中的植物死了，它們就會落到海底。

Over long periods of time, the remnants of this life, rich in carbon, are carried back

在漫長的時間裡，這種富含碳的生命的殘餘物被運回

into the interior of the Earth and recycled. This pulls carbon out of the atmosphere, which

進入地球內部，並循環利用。這就把碳從大氣層中拉出來了，這就意味著

makes sure we don't suffer a runaway greenhouse effect, which is what happened on Venus. Without

確保我們不會遭受失控的溫室效應，這就是金星上發生的事情。如果沒有

the action of plate tectonics, there would be no way to recycle this carbon, and the

板塊構造的作用，就沒有辦法把這些碳循環利用起來，而這

Earth would become an overheated, hellish place.

地球會變成一個過熱的地獄般的地方。

2. Earth is Almost a Sphere: Many people tend to think that the Earth is

2.地球幾乎是一個球體。許多人傾向於認為，地球是

a sphere. In fact, between the 6th cenury BCE and the modern era, this remained the

一個球體。事實上，從公元前6世紀到現代，這仍然是一個球體。

scientific consensus. But thanks to modern astronomy and space travel, scientists have

的科學共識。但由於現代天文學和太空旅行的發展，科學家們有了

since come to understand that the Earth is actually shaped like a flattened sphere (aka.

自從瞭解到地球的形狀其實是一個扁平的球體（也就是。

an oblate spheroid). This shape is similar to a sphere, but where

一個長方形球體）。)這種形狀類似於球體，但是其中的

the poles are flattened and the equator bulges. In the case of the Earth, this bulge is due

兩極變平，赤道凸起。就地球而言，這種凸起是由於

to our planet's rotation. This means that the measurement from pole to pole is about

到我們星球的自轉。這意味著，從極點到極點的測量大約是：

43 km less than the diameter of Earth across the equator. Even though the tallest mountain

比地球穿過赤道的直徑少43公里。儘管最高的山

on Earth is Mount Everest, the feature that's furthest from the center of the Earth is actually

地球上的珠穆朗瑪峰，離地球中心最遠的地貌其實是

Mount Chimborazo in Ecuador.

厄瓜多爾的欽博拉索山。

3. Earth is Mostly Iron, Oxygen and Silicon: If you could separate the Earth out into piles

3.地球大部分是鐵、氧和硅。如果你能把地球抽成幾堆的話

of material, you'd get 32.1 % iron, 30.1% oxygen, 15.1% silicon, and 13.9% magnesium.

的材料，你會得到32.1%的鐵、30.1%的氧、15.1%的硅和13.9%的鎂。

Of course, most of this iron is actually located at the core of the Earth. If you could actually

當然，這些鐵其實大部分都在地心。如果你能真的

get down and sample the core, it would be 88% iron. And if you sampled the Earth's

下來對地核進行取樣，它將是88%的鐵。如果你取樣地球的

crust, you'd find that 47% of it is oxygen. 4. 70% of the Earth's Surface is Covered

地殼，你會發現其中47%是氧氣。4.70%的地球表面被覆蓋了

in Water: When astronauts first went into the space,

水中。當太空人第一次進入太空時，

they looked back at the Earth with human eyes for the first time. Based on their observations,

他們第一次用人類的眼睛回望地球。根據他們的觀察，

the Earth acquired the nickname the “Blue Planet:. And it's no surprise, seeing as

地球獲得了 "藍色星球 "的綽號：。這並不奇怪，因為

how 70% of our planet is covered with oceans. The remaining 30% is the solid crust that

我們的星球有70%被海洋所覆蓋。剩下的30%是固體地殼

is located above sea level, hence why it is called the “continental crust”.

位於海平面以上，是以被稱為 "大陸地殼"。

5. The Earth's Atmosphere Extends to a Distance of 10,000 km:

5.地球的大氣層延伸到10,000公里的距離。

Earth's atmosphere is thickest within the first 50 km from the surface or so, but it

地球的大氣層在距地表50公里左右的範圍內最厚，但它

actually reaches out to about 10,000 km into space. It is made up of five main layers – the

實際上已經延伸到約1萬公里的太空。它由五個主要層組成------------。

Troposphere, the Stratosphere, the Mesosphere, the Thermosphere, and the Exosphere. As a

對流層、平流層、中間層、熱層和外層。作為一個

rule, air pressure and density decrease the higher one goes into the atmosphere and the

法則，進入大氣層越高，氣壓和密度越小。

farther one is from the surface. The bulk of the Earth's atmosphere is down

離地表越遠越好地球大氣層的大部分是向下的。

near the Earth itself. In fact, 75% of the Earth's atmosphere is contained within the

靠近地球本身。事實上，75%的地球大氣層都包含在地球上。

first 11 km above the planet's surface. However, the outermost layer (the Exosphere)

在地球表面上方11公里處。然而，最外層(Exosphere)

is the largest, extending from the exobase – located at the top of the thermosphere

是最大的，從外基地--位於熱層頂部--延伸出來。

at an altitude of about 700 km above sea level – to about 10,000 km (6,200 mi). The exosphere

外大氣層

merges with the emptiness of outer space, where there is no atmosphere.

與沒有大氣層的外太空的虛空融為一體。

The exosphere is mainly composed of extremely low densities of hydrogen, helium and several

外氣層主要是由極低密度的氫、氦和幾種氣體組成。

heavier molecules – including nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide. The atoms and molecules

較重的分子--包括氮氣、氧氣和二氧化碳。原子和分子

are so far apart that the exosphere no longer behaves like a gas, and the particles constantly

相隔如此之遠，以至於外氣層不再像氣體一樣，而粒子不斷地

escape into space. These free-moving particles follow ballistic trajectories and may migrate

逃入太空。這些自由移動的粒子遵循彈道軌跡，可能會遷移到太空中。

in and out of the magnetosphere or with the solar wind.

進出磁層或與太陽風。

Want more planet Earth facts? We're halfway through. Here come 5 more!

想知道更多關於地球的事實嗎？我們已經說了一半了。再來5個！

6. The Earth's Molten Iron Core Creates a Magnetic Field:

6.地球的熔融鐵核產生了磁場。

The Earth is like a great big magnet, with poles at the top and bottom near to the actual

地球就像一塊巨大的磁鐵，在頂部和底部靠近實際的極點。

geographic poles. The magnetic field it creates extends thousands of kilometers out from the

地理極點。它所產生的磁場從地球上延伸到數千公里外的地方

surface of the Earth – forming a region called the “magnetosphere“. Scientists

地球表面--形成一個稱為 "磁層 "的區域。科學家們

think that this magnetic field is generated by the molten outer core of the Earth, where

認為這種磁場是由地球熔融的外核產生的，在那裡... ...

heat creates convection motions of conducting materials to generate electric currents.

熱使導電材料產生對流運動，產生電流。

Be grateful for the magnetosphere. Without it, particles from the Sun's solar wind

要感謝磁層。如果沒有磁層，來自太陽風的粒子就會...

would hit the Earth directly, exposing the surface of the planet to significant amounts

將直接撞擊地球，使地球表面暴露於大量的

of radiation. Instead, the magnetosphere channels the solar wind around the Earth, protecting

輻射的影響相反，磁層引導太陽風繞地球而行，保護了

us from harm. Scientists have also theorized that Mars' thin atmosphere is due to it

我們免受傷害。科學家們還推測，火星的大氣層稀薄是由於其

having a weak magnetosphere compared to Earth's, which allowed solar wind to slowly strip it

與地球相比，它的磁層較弱，這使得太陽風可以慢慢地將其剝離出來。

away. 7. Earth Doesn't Take 24 Hours to Rotate

離開7.地球自轉不需要24小時

on its Axis: It actually takes 23 hours, 56 minutes and

在其軸線上：實際耗時23小時56分鐘和

4 seconds for the Earth to rotate once completely on its axis, which astronomers refer to as

4秒，地球完全繞著軸線旋轉一次，天文學家稱其為

a Sidereal Day. Now wait a second, doesn't that mean that a day is 4 minutes shorter

一個恆星日。等一下，這是不是意味著一天要短4分鐘？

than we think it is? You'd think that this time would add up, day by day, and within

比我們想象的還要多？你會覺得這個時間會一天天的加起來，而且是在

a few months, day would be night, and night would be day.

幾個月後，白天就是晚上，晚上就是白天。

But remember that the Earth orbits around the Sun. Every day, the Sun moves compared

但請記住，地球圍繞太陽運行。每天，太陽都在移動，相比之下

to the background stars by about 1° – about the size of the Moon in the sky. And so, if

與背景恆星相差1°左右，也就是月亮在天空中的大小。所以，如果

you add up that little motion from the Sun that we see because the Earth is orbiting

你把我們看到的來自太陽的小運動加在一起，因為地球在繞著太陽轉

around it, as well as the rotation on its axis, you get a total of 24 hours.

圍繞著它，以及以它為軸心的旋轉，你總共可以得到24小時。

This is what is known as a Solar Day, which – contrary to a Sidereal Day – is the

這就是所謂的太陽日，它與恆星日相反，是太陽日。

amount of time it takes the Sun to return to the same place in the sky.

太陽回到天空中同一地點所需的時間。

8. A year on Earth isn't 365 days: It's actually 365.2564 days. It's this

8.地球上的一年並不是365天。實際上是365. 2564天.是這樣的

extra .2564 days that creates the need for a Leap Year once ever four years.

額外的0.2564天，造成每四年一次的閏年的需要。

9. Earth has 1 Moon and 2 Co-Orbital Satellites: As you're probably aware, Earth has 1 moon

9.地球有1顆月球和2顆共軌衛星。你們可能知道，地球有一顆月球。

(aka. The Moon). Plenty is known about this body and we have written many articles about

(又名：月球)。關於這個身體的知識很多，我們也寫過很多文章，關於

it, so we won't go into much detail there. But did you know there are 2 additional asteroids

所以我們就不多說了。但你知道還有2顆小行星...

locked into a co-orbital orbits with Earth? They're called 3753 Cruithne and 2002 AA29,

鎖定在與地球共軌的軌道上？他們叫3753 Cruithne和2002 AA29。

which are part of a larger population of asteroids known as Near-Earth Objects (NEOs).

屬於被稱為近地天體的一大類小行星的一部分。

The asteroid known as 3753 Cruithne measures 5 km across, and is sometimes called “Earth's

這顆名為3753 Cruithne的小行星直徑為5公里，有時被稱為 "地球的"。

second moon”. It doesn't actually orbit the Earth, but has a synchronized orbit with

第二顆月亮"。它實際上並不繞著地球轉，但卻有一個同步的軌道與

our home planet. It also has an orbit that makes it look like it's following the Earth

我們的母星。它的軌道也讓它看起來像在追隨地球前進

in orbit, but it's actually following its own, distinct path around the Sun.

在軌道上，但實際上它正沿著自己獨特的路徑圍繞太陽運行。

Meanwhile, 2002 AA29 is only 60 meters across and makes a horseshoe orbit around the Earth

同時，2002年的AA29只有60米寬，繞著地球轉了一個馬蹄形的軌道。

that brings it close to the planet every 95 years. In about 600 years, it will appear

使它每隔95年就會接近地球。大約600年後，它將出現在

to circle Earth in a quasi-satellite orbit. Scientists have suggested that it might make

以準衛星軌道繞地球一圈。科學家們認為，這可能使

a good target for a space exploration mission. 10. Earth is the Only Planet Known to Have

是空間探索任務的良好目標。10.地球是唯一已知有

Life: We've discovered past evidence of water

生命。我們發現了過去水的證據

and organic molecules on Mars, and the building blocks of life on Saturn's moon Titan. We

和火星上的有機分子，以及土星衛星土衛六上的生命構件。我們

can see amino acids in nebulae in deep space. And scientists have speculated about the possible

可以看到深空星雲中的氨基酸。而科學家們也猜測，可能

existence of life beneath the icy crust of Jupiter's moon Europa and Saturn's moon

木星衛星歐羅巴和土星衛星的冰殼下存在生命

Titan. But Earth is the only place life has actually been discovered.

土衛六但地球是唯一一個真正發現生命的地方。

But if there is life on other planets, scientists are building the observatories, space telescopes

但如果其他星球上有生命，科學家們正在建造天文臺，太空望遠鏡。

and missions that will help find it. Huge new telescopes are under construction that

和任務，將有助於找到它。巨大的新望遠鏡正在建造中

will directly observe the atmospheres of planets orbiting other stars, in search of biosignatures

將直接觀測圍繞其他恆星運行的行星的大氣層，以尋找生物特徵。

- evidence of life. Radio telescopes scan the skies for signals from extraterrestrials.

- 生命的證據。射電望遠鏡掃描天空，尋找來自外星的信號。

And new space missions are in the works to search for evidence of life on Mars and the

而新的太空任務正在進行中，以尋找火星上生命的證據，並將於今年年底前完成。

icy moons of the Solar System."

太陽系的冰冷衛星。"

But for now, Earth remains the only place we know of where there's life. Now that

但現在，地球仍然是我們所知的唯一有生命的地方。現在...

is an interesting fact!

是一個有趣的事實！

Huge thanks again to Fraser Cain for the script and for being the voiceover of this video,

再次非常感謝Fraser Cain提供的劇本和擔任這段視頻的配音。

click on the link here or in the description to check out his amazing channel.

點擊這裡的鏈接或在描述中查看他的驚人頻道。