I'm Neil. Joining me is Tom. Hi there, Tom.

我是尼爾和我一起的是湯姆你好，湯姆

Hi Neil and hi to our audience. Happy New Year!

嗨，尼爾，向我們的觀眾問好。新年快樂!

Today's story is about President Trump,

今天的故事是關於特朗普總統的。

concerning his recent phone call about the US election.

關於他最近打電話談美國大選。

OK. Well, if you want to test yourself on this vocabulary that we cover in the programme,

好吧，如果你想測試一下自己在節目中所涉及的詞彙，好吧，如果你想測試一下自己的詞彙量，我們在節目中涉及到的。

you can find a quiz on our website: bbclearningenglish.com.

你可以在我們的網站上找到一個測驗：bbclearningenglish.com。

Now, let's hear some more about that story from this BBC News report:

現在，讓我們來聽聽BBC新聞報道中關於這個故事的更多內容。

So, the story is about US President Donald Trump,

所以，這個故事是關於美國總統唐納德-特朗普的。

who lost last year's US presidential election. He's due to leave office this month.

去年美國總統大選失利的。他將於本月離職。

Trump was recorded making a phone call to a politician in Georgia.

特朗普被記錄在喬治亞州給一名政客打電話。

In this phone call, Trump asked the politician to give him extra votes

在這通電話中，特朗普要求這位政客給他額外的選票

so that he can challenge the results of the election.

以便他可以挑戰選舉結果。

Many people, including Vice President-elect Kamala Harris, call this an abuse of power.

包括當選副總統卡馬拉-哈里斯在內的許多人稱這是濫用權力。

OK. Well, you've been looking around at this story,

好吧好吧，你一直在尋找 在這個故事。

picking out the interesting words and expressions.

挑出有趣的詞語和表達方式。

You've chosen three. What are they?

你已經選擇了三個。它們是什麼？

I have three words, Neil, and they're all concerned with this idea of power.

我有三個詞，尼爾，它們都與權力的概念有關。

The words are: 'pressed', 'overturn' and 'tilt'.

這幾個字是：'壓'、'翻'、'仰'。"壓"、"翻"、"仰"。

'Pressed', 'overturn' and 'tilt'.

'壓'、'翻'、'仰'。

So Tom, let's hear your first headline please, with that word 'pressed'.

所以，湯姆，讓我們聽聽你的第一個標題，請用那個 "壓 "字。

My first headline is from The Guardian in the UK:

我的第一個標題來自英國《衛報》。

'Pressed' – try to persuade someone to do something.

'迫於無奈'--試圖說服別人做某事。

Yeah. So, 'pressed' is the past simple of this base form 'press', which means to exert power.

是啊，所以，"壓 "是這個基本形式 "壓 "的過去式，所以，"按 "是這個基本形式 "按 "的過去式，這意味著施展力量。

So, for example, this word 'press' I might use when I went across the road

所以，舉個例子，這個 "按 "字，我走到馬路對面的時候，可能會用到

and you have to make the little red figure turn to a green figure

你要讓紅色的小人兒變成綠色的小人兒。

so that you can cross the road, you 'press' the button. Is this the same thing?

這樣你就可以過馬路了，你 "按 "一下按鈕。這是一回事嗎？

Yeah, exactly. Or you can 'press' the button on your TV remote to change the channel.

是的，沒錯。或者你可以 "按下 "電視遙控器上的按鈕來換頻道。

You exert pressure on it and pressure – P-R-E-S-S... – is a noun.

你對它施加壓力，壓力--P-R-E-S-S--是個名詞。

Sorry! P-R-E-S-S-U-R-E – is a noun and they have this root word 'press'.

對不起！ P -R -EP-R-E-S-S-U-R-E--是個名詞，他們有這個詞根 "按"。

Yeah. Pressure means force.

是啊，壓力就是力量壓力意味著力量。

OK. So, when I was talking about pushing my finger onto something to make it move,

好吧，我知道了所以，當我說要把手指推到什麼東西上讓它動起來的時候。

that was a literal meaning of the word, but this is more figurative in this headline, isn't it?

那是字面的意思，但在這個標題裡，這個更形象，不是嗎？

Yeah. It's more... it's not physical power, like when you push the button;

是的，更多的是..;

it's political power here. So, the headline is about Donald Trump applying force

這是政治權力在這裡。所以，頭條是關於唐納德・特朗普使用的力量

or applying pressure to try and make the Georgia politician do something for him.

或施加壓力，試圖讓佐治亞州的政客為他做一些事情。

OK. Now, when I'm out and about in the summer,

好的現在，當我在夏天出門的時候。

which seems like a long time ago and a long time to come,

這似乎是很久以前的事了，也是很久以後的事了。

with my kids – whenever we see an ice cream van they always want to have an ice cream.

和我的孩子們--每當我們看到冰淇淋車，他們總是想吃冰淇淋。

Can I say they 'press' me to buy an ice cream? Does that sound normal?

我可以說他們 "逼 "我買雪糕嗎？這聽起來正常嗎？

Ah – you could say that and I would understand you but it sounds strange, you know.

啊--你可以這麼說，我會理解你，但聽起來很奇怪，你知道的。

It sounds too formal, like perhaps you're speaking from 100 years ago, or something like that.

這聽起來太正式了，就像也許你是在說100年前的事，或者類似的事情。

So, 'press' we would usually use for more serious situations,

所以，'按'我們通常會用在比較嚴重的情況下。

like the results of a democratic election: very serious.

像民主選舉的結果：非常嚴重。

Children buying ice creams: not so serious.

兒童買雪糕：沒那麼嚴重。

That's what you think! OK. Let's have – let's have a summary:

這就是你的想法！好吧，我們來...讓我們來做個總結。

If you like stories about Donald Trump, we have loads of them

如果你喜歡唐納德-特朗普的故事，我們有大量的故事。

and we've picked out one in particular that they can find. How can they find it, Tom?

我們已經挑出了一個特別的，他們可以找到。他們怎麼能找到它，湯姆？

You can find it by clicking the link.

你可以通過點擊鏈接找到它。

OK. Now, let's have a look at your next headline.

好了，現在，讓我們看看你的下一個標題。現在，讓我們來看看你的下一個標題。

My next headline is from the US, from Fox News, it says:

我的下一個標題來自美國，來自福克斯新聞，它說。

'Overturn' – change or reverse a decision or ruling.

'推翻'--改變或推翻一項決定或裁決。

Yeah. So, here 'overturn' – all one word – is a verb

是啊。所以，這裡的 "推翻"--都是一個詞--是一個動詞。

and here it needs an object when we're talking about 'overturning' a decision.

而在這裡，當我們談論 "推翻 "一個決定時，它需要一個對象。

So, the object in the title is 'Biden's win'.

所以，題目中的對象是'拜登的勝利'。

OK. Might be useful to think about this, again, in a literal sense

好的。也許應該從字面意義上考慮一下這個問題

because in this headline it's used in a figurative sense.

因為在這個標題中，它是用在形象的意義上的。

Once a week we put out our rubbish bins here

我們每週都會把垃圾桶扔在這裡。

and often in the morning I notice that there's food waste all over the ground

我經常在早上發現地上到處都是食物垃圾。

because there are foxes and the foxes 'overturn' the bins.

因為有狐狸，而狐狸又會 "打翻 "垃圾箱。

They do – especially at Christmas.

他們確實如此--尤其是在聖誕節。

Yeah.

是啊。

So, yeah, 'overturn' in the physical sense means to, kind of,

所以，是的，"推翻 "在物理意義上的意思是，有點。

flip things over or turn them – turn them over everywhere.

翻轉東西或翻轉它們--到處翻轉它們。

You notice I use the phrasal verb there as well, 'to turn over',

你注意到我在那裡也用了短語動詞，"翻身"。

which is a more informal way of saying exactly the same thing.

這是一個更非正式的方式說完全相同的事情。

Yeah. Interesting, isn't it? There's this word 'overturn', which is more formal,

是啊，很有意思，不是嗎？有個詞叫 "推翻"，比較正式。

and then there's 'turn over', which contains the same elements but in reverse

還有 "翻身"，它包含同樣的元素，但要反過來。

and as two words – as a phrasal verb – and that's more informal.

和作為兩個詞--作為一個短語動詞--那就更不正式了。

That's the main difference, isn't it?

這就是主要的區別，不是嗎？

Yeah, and... as a rule phrasal verbs are generally more informal

是啊，而且... ... 作為一個規則，短語動詞通常更非正式的

than a sort of direct verb like this.

比這樣的一種直接動詞。

OK. Let's have a summary:

好了，我們來總結一下：讓我們來總結一下。

If you would like to learn about the word 'turn' used in informal ways,

如果你想了解 "轉 "字的非正式用法。

we have the perfect video for you and a great story as well, Tom.

我們為你準備了一個完美的視頻，還有一個偉大的故事，湯姆。

Eight uses of 'turn' told through a popular fairy story, Hansel and Gretel.

通過一個膾炙人口的童話故事《韓賽爾與格蕾特》講述了 "轉 "的八種用法。

You can find it by clicking the link.

你可以通過點擊鏈接找到它。

OK. Let's have a look at your next headline.

好了，我們來看看你的下一個標題。讓我們來看看你的下一個標題。

Our next headline, from CNN in the US – it says:

我們的下一個標題，來自美國的CNN--它說。

And the word is 'tilt'.

而這個詞就是'傾斜'。

'Tilt' – unbalance or change in favour of someone or something.

Yeah. So, 'tilt' – this has this key idea of not being balanced.

是的，所以，"傾斜"--這有一個關鍵的概念，就是不平衡。所以，"傾斜"--這有一個關鍵的概念，就是不平衡。

You gave us a good example in rehearsal, Neil. Can you tell us?

你在排練時給我們做了個好榜樣，尼爾。你能告訴我們嗎？

Yeah, OK. So, have you ever been on a ship or a boat, Tom?

是啊，好吧。那麼，你有沒有坐過船或船，湯姆？

I have, yes.

我有，是的。

In... in bad weather?

在... 惡劣的天氣裡？

Yeah.

是啊。

Yeah. The ship is not balanced, is it? It 'tilts' from one side to the other.

是啊，這艘船不平衡，是嗎？這艘船不平衡，是嗎？它從一邊傾斜到另一邊。 It 'tilts' from one side to the other.

Exactly. So, synonyms for 'tilt' are 'slope' and 'lean',

沒錯，所以，"傾斜 "的同義詞是 "斜坡 "和 "傾斜"。所以，'傾斜'的同義詞是'斜坡'和'傾斜'。

and it has this idea of becoming off-balance, off-centre, or sloping to one side.

而且它有這樣的想法，變得不平衡，偏離中心，或者向一邊傾斜。

I'm demonstrating with this pad of paper here – it's 'tilting' to one direction.

我正在用這張紙演示--它正在向一個方向 "傾斜"。

Yes and balance really is the key to understanding this word 'tilt', isn't it?

是的，平衡確實是理解這個 "傾斜 "二字的關鍵，不是嗎？

Both in the literal sense, like the ship I talked about... but also in a figurative sense.

既有字面意義，就像我說的那艘船... 也有形象意義。

Yeah. In the figurative sense we're talking about... almost like a balance of power.

是的，我們說的是形象化的意義...

So, Trump is trying to – according to the report,

所以，特朗普正試圖--據報道。

Trump is trying to unbalance the result of the US election.

特朗普是想讓美國大選的結果不平衡。

Now, this will – he's hoping that this will 'tilt' things in favour of him.

現在，這將--他希望這能使事情向他'傾斜'。

Yeah and 'favour' is a word often used with 'tilt'.

是啊，而且'寵'這個字經常和'傾斜'一起使用。

Yeah: 'tilt in favour'. We also – there are two very common words we use with 'tilt'

是的：'傾斜有利'。我們還有--有兩個很常見的詞，我們用 "傾斜 "來形容。

and these are 'tilt towards' or 'tilt against'. So, if something...

而這些都是 "傾斜於 "或 "傾斜於"。所以，如果有什麼...

if you 'tilt towards' something, you favour it – this is positive.

如果你 "向 "某件事情傾斜，你就會青睞它--這是積極的。

If you 'tilt against' something then you're not in favour of it.

如果你對某件事情'傾斜反對'，那麼你就不贊成它。

For example, I could say, 'My grandfather tilts towards Conservative politics

例如，我可以說："我的祖父傾向於保守派政治。

and Conservative politicians,' because this is his favoured style.

和保守派政客，'因為這是他喜歡的風格。

OK. And 'tilt' – we've talked about here – is a verb.

好的。而 "傾斜"--我們在這裡已經談過了--是一個動詞。

It's also a noun: 'a tilt'. Something can have a 'tilt'.

這也是一個名詞：'傾斜'。東西可以有一個'傾斜'。

Yeah. If you say, 'There is a political tilt in the situation,'

是的，如果你說，"現在的情況是政治傾斜"，那你就會說，"我是說政治傾斜"。

it means there is political bias in the situation

勢在必行

and it could 'tilt towards' one side it could 'tilt against' a different side.

它可以向一側傾斜，也可以向另一側傾斜。

OK. Let's get a summary of that:

好了，我們來總結一下：讓我們來總結一下。

Time now, Tom, for a recap of our vocabulary please.

時間到了，湯姆，請回顧一下我們的詞彙。

A recap of today's vocabulary – we had:

回顧一下今天的詞彙--我們有。

'pressed' – tried to persuade someone to do something.

'逼迫'--試圖勸說某人做某事。

'Overturn' – change or reverse a decision or ruling.

'推翻'--改變或推翻一項決定或裁決。

And 'tilt' – unbalance or change in favour of someone or something.

Don't forget to test yourself on this vocabulary on our website bbclearningenglish.com

別忘了在我們的網站bbclearningenglish.com上測試自己的詞彙量。

and you can find us all over social media.

你可以在社交媒體上找到我們。

Thanks for joining us. See you next time. Goodbye.

謝謝你加入我們的行列。下次見。再見。

See you next time. Happy New Year!

下次再見新年快樂