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  • welcomes you and overview

  • of the toeic

  • toefl i_b_t_ independent writing tasks

  • part one

  • the objectives for parking and falls

  • providing an overview for the tele canto for writing tests

  • on the telecast is referred to as question number eight

  • on the till full will be looking at

  • task referred to as the independent writing to ask

  • and there will be looking at the square herridge for both

  • who also engage in activity

  • helping us where that defied the types of topics we will see

  • on these assessments

  • and this activity is referred to as name that topic

  • on the telecom again referred to as question abrasion in his colby or

  • writing a penny n_s_a_

  • on this part of the tests it is

  • it comprises one task

  • take about thirty minutes to play n right and revise a personal essay at

  • about three hundred words

  • it must be tight

  • and the word processing feature that you'll be using us much more similar to

  • note pad if you have windows

  • uh... microsoft windows

  • instead of microsoft word

  • so he really can only cut n paste tax on this particular part of the test

  • the essay sort of follows a standard college essay format though it's

  • probably not as strict as you would see it

  • state university

  • you do need to include a brief introduction which is somewhat important

  • on this task

  • of course the body of the s_a_s_ probably most important

  • can usually this is where you would include the two reasons you're trying to

  • make to support surer her argument

  • and then give a conclusion which again is someone important numbers together to

  • ask

  • the essay itself is court holistic lee

  • holistic leanings sort of overall or overall evaluation

  • annie get they use a rubric to identified

  • the uh... areas that they're looking at what they consider to be most important

  • so yeah organization in content are things that in the most important

  • vocabulary any ability expression shelf as part of that and that's also a very

  • important idea on the status

  • however grammar and punctuation well it's not necessary to have perfect

  • grammar punctuation so we will consider these to be a little less important than

  • the others

  • in terms of the scoring

  • the scale of zero two five in which five is the highest score that you can

  • receive

  • so again if you will notice in writing an opinion essay

  • vitesse makers themselves

  • explained that the things they are looking for

  • or

  • are your opinions supported by reasons than examples

  • of course grammar is always something that will be looking for

  • but and really samples will be looking at a later videos you will see that

  • perfect grammar isn't always necessary

  • vocabulary of course

  • is one of the most important areas

  • because certainly

  • part of the idea is

  • will cavalier is linked to our ability a express ourselves

  • and most importantly

  • organizing our thoughts so that they resi to read in logical follow

  • on itself all you'll notice that the requirements look almost the same and

  • this shouldn't be a surprise since both sets sir

  • um... provided by the same company uh... educational testing service or ii two

  • yes

  • again the independent writing test for the still full

  • terrace one independent writing task

  • again thirty minutes and three hundred warrants

  • it must be tight

  • and again the word processing feature

  • very much like notepad

  • on the till full speaking section

  • you'll notice that the writings action is evaluated much the same way and again

  • that's holistic lee

  • as we said earlier holistic leah's

  • looking at overall evaluation of your writing style

  • so in general the ability to organize your thoughts and express your ideas

  • clearly and logically

  • those are the things that they look for

  • vocabulary appropriate length

  • uh... and of course that's more important than just a restraining

  • grammatical accuracy

  • certainly you can spend your time creating very dramatically accurate

  • sentences but not say anything very interesting so

  • especially my experience becomes more apparent

  • that the uh... tell full is much more about the ability to express yourself so

  • using their vocabulary so it's important

  • and again the evaluation criteria

  • are almost exactly the same as for the toeic

  • from zero to five five being the highest

  • content is more important in grammar

  • organization is generally more important than style

  • and fluency an expression are highly valued

  • because again against the test raters and nothing for mation to evaluate your

  • ability

  • you will find links

  • to veto for writing rubrics sample topics that sample responses available

  • at the bottom of this webpage

  • now in terms of just general advice to writing

  • writing is something that often give since difficulty

  • mainly because it's something that we don't necessarily do everyday

  • sure you might write an ad uh... an email once in awhile or maybe send texts

  • but those are definitely not the same things is writing an essay

  • so the first thing we're going to stress in this course

  • is to think about the idea that we need to practice and practice a lot

  • because again on the tests

  • you have to be a fluid tightness and you have to be fluid in your ability express

  • yourself in english

  • so i really want to think about and in much the same weather we improve our

  • speaking by speaking

  • the only way to be a better brighter history

  • and again the written responses on both of these tests followed a general

  • elements of a basic college essay format

  • those would involve introduction

  • abadi

  • again conclusions are important

  • of course you will see some examples in which the conclusions themselves

  • may not be the most important part of the asst

  • something we often forget mainly because there's a time element involved we often

  • forget i had a plan and revise for these types of activities

  • the planning in revising are very important parts of the writing process

  • so don't skip these two areas even if you're trying to save time span

  • uh... artist to spend more of your time writing the asst

  • of course the best place to begin is talking about what what kind of essays

  • are we going to say

  • that would involve looking at the types of topics we're going to say

  • my first piece of advice like us are approaching the writing tasks is to be

  • very familiar with the types of topics they will ask you on both tests and

  • again there's a considerable amount

  • overlap between the teller canto form these and this case

  • the essays generally revolve around things soon for your personal opinion

  • about daily life or on the tail for especially about

  • university or campus life

  • the topics themselves are definitely not controversial

  • you won't see any topics about sex violence gun ownership uh... any of

  • those things are certainly with or

  • certainly not be included on the test

  • don't be surprised if you find uh... question types that are

  • referred to as hypothetical began hypothetical

  • means imaginary or not real

  • so you might see situations that i ask you what would you do in this particular

  • case

  • uh... again these are fairly comment on both the tell rick and the toefl

  • now in general there are three types of essays that you will see

  • those types involve defense essays or sometimes referred to is argumentative

  • comparison essays in which you have to compare ka different ideas

  • an explanatory essays in which you have to give uh... an explanation or your

  • opinion about some

  • specific topic

  • so let's begin with the defense are argumentative essays first

  • always remember that for all of the questions on of the total inter-league

  • involving writing

  • there your personal opinion

  • in terms of the body of the essay

  • as we said before two reasons are always uh... the minimum to begin with

  • so we need these two reasons to support the opinion or trying to give and these

  • reasons need to be logical

  • and they also need to be consistent

  • and of course this is something that we will continue to return to as we develop

  • are writing skills and english

  • now when we look at the topics themselves

  • we're going to be paying attention to a concerts

  • i like to refer to as signal words

  • and easily concerts that will discuss more and class

  • but for example in the defense essary

  • common signal worth it you will see

  • to help tell us what kind of s areas

  • involve words such as do you agree or disagree

  • or do you prefer one viewpoint over another viewpoint

  • and at least judging from the

  • literature that eighty s has provided for us

  • the defense essay seems to be the most common

  • topic tied

  • even if you take the test and find uh... comparison or explain tori

  • if you were to take a test several times

  • you might notice that the defense essay

  • might be the one you see the most

  • let's take a look at a couple of examples

  • so he had noticed n the light blue

  • identifying the signal wars that help tell us that this is a defense essay

  • so do you agree or disagree with the following statement

  • people should sometimes do things that they do not enjoy doing

  • you specific reasons and examples to support your answer

  • so notice in the first one

  • it's asking us to state a position and defend it

  • take a look at it

  • do you agree or disagree with that statement

  • should people sometimes do things they do not enjoy

  • course one of the difficulties and deconstructing this essay topic is to

  • think about

  • what if i disagree

  • what exactly i my disagreeing too

  • this is made that i think people

  • should do things that they uh... enjoy all the time

  • if i disagree

  • this is one of the trickier aspects of of looking at the topics in trying to

  • figure out what exactly i'm trying to say

  • look at the second example

  • is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it

  • or is it better to save your money for some time in the future

  • now you might think that this is looking like i'm stating a particular opinion

  • and that's true

  • but still you have a choice and you have to defend one of those choices over the

  • other

  • which one would you choose

  • has a better to enjoy the money now

  • or to save it for the future

  • both have very legitimate answers and both

  • could be argued

  • now let's look at the comparison essay

  • once again remember it's your personal opinion here not someone else's

  • in terms of the requirements i'd find the comparison essay to be a little less

  • straight for the defense uh... site

  • first off you get to kind of state uh... advantages and disadvantages of

  • different sides of an argument

  • which often times you don't get to the defense essay

  • so when the body

  • generally which you have to do is give an advantage of one point

  • and then given advantage perhaps of the opposite point of view

  • finally

  • the topic does usually want to know what you which give appoint you you prefer

  • so even though it incorporates a little bit more than a defense essay

  • here you have a little more freedom to kind of look at

  • both sides or many sides of an argument

  • i do find it's important though to remember that if you're going to compare

  • you have to give equal balance

  • many times did spend too much time on the first point

  • and not enough time on the second

  • because they don't manage their time well

  • when you give a response oftentimes we will use what we call contrasting

  • discourse markers

  • so in your response you might want to use words such as however

  • on the other hand

  • or on the contrary

  • these help the established

  • a difference between one point of view over another

  • when looking at the topic itself

  • again it's important to notice for one of the signal words that tell me

  • what kind of topic it is

  • in this case words such as compare

  • mike compare the advantages

  • discuss like discuss the views or discuss the advantages

  • these are often pretty clear signals better telling me that i need to prepare

  • something in the u_s_a_

  • sohail citizen sample topics

  • some people choose friends who are different from themselves

  • others choose friends who were similar to themself ps

  • compared the advantages of having friends who are different from you

  • with the advantages of having friends who are similar to you

  • which kinda fred do you prefer for yourself

  • and why

  • so you noticed the beginning of the essay looks much like a defense essay

  • but the key word here is the word compare

  • i get to look at both sides of the argument and say but there clearly are

  • advantages to both and again that's what the essay wants to know the advantages

  • not necessarily the disadvantages

  • so i could look and say well friends or even for me they provide some good

  • things

  • and friends or similar they also provide some good things

  • and one of the nice things about the comparison i say again is you get the

  • state your preference at the end

  • because even though you might be able to see the good in both

  • you probably do you have a preference

  • let's look at another example

  • some people believe that a college or university education should be available

  • to all students

  • others will leave the higher education should be available all lead to good

  • students

  • discuss these views

  • which do you do you agree with

  • explain why

  • now again you look at this essay and say oh wait a minute i do see that they want

  • me to choose one to agree with

  • that's true

  • but before that they do want you to discuss both of these points of views

  • so in that way it makes it a comparison essay

  • i get to look at both sides in

  • kinda discuss the advantages are

  • benefits for both

  • so should

  • university education developed everyone

  • are there are uh... advantages to the point of view

  • why update on the other hand do others believe that its utility bill to good

  • students

  • sewing and this gives you some freedom an opportunity to tend to look at both

  • sides

  • but remember

  • you do have to say your preference at the end

  • the final essay type we're going to be looking at

  • is referred to as the explanatory and again this is usually

  • what we might consider deep personal opinion asst

  • again once again all of these essays do involve

  • to a certain degree your personal attendant

  • and this one for rock pr

  • provides the most flexibility when it comes to responding

  • the body of the essay

  • really no different you need to give two reasons for why you believe what you

  • believe

  • and the single words you might see on the topic in fall things such as what is

  • your opinion

  • or what do you do in this case

  • again let's look at some samples

  • your school is received a gift of money

  • what do you think is the best way for your school to spend this money

  • use specific reason details to support your choice

  • so you notice right away what do you think

  • and even then if you continue any essay

  • it says the best way

  • so in this case i'd probably need to give one

  • fairly broad answer and then think about some reasons why i would support it

  • would be great if your school could receive the gift of money

  • think about of course if you're going to spend that money

  • it's obviously uh... a certain amount

  • you mate you have to think about what's a logical way

  • to respond in this case you can't spend this money on several different ideas

  • so perhaps you might wanna think of wealth

  • perhaps uh... are universally would benefit from a new library

  • or if it's uh...

  • uh... you know perhaps purchasing books for your library

  • in our second example notice that this one is a perhaps somewhat of a

  • historical perspective

  • the twentieth century saw great change

  • in your opinion what is one change that she remembered about the twentieth

  • century

  • you specific reasons in details to explain your choice

  • there clearly is not one right answer to this the twentieth century of course

  • uh... and saw a lots of different uh...

  • great technological innovations

  • so for example the automobile

  • uh... the bility for space travel

  • development of the computer

  • all of the seemed like pretty good answers

  • as long as you can explain yourself a provider detail

  • he'll probably do pretty well on the side and i said

  • so to help us understand the idea of topic a little better

  • we're going to play a little gain

  • so it's time to play the game

  • i'd like to call

  • named that topic

  • so let's discuss the rules

  • in your activity you'll be given two minutes to identify as many topics as

  • you can

  • simple by choosing other defense comparison or explanatory

  • in this activity you must receive a hundred percent

  • if you don't you'll have to go back and do it again until you do receive a

  • hundred percent

  • before you playing let's look at it example

  • what do you consider to be the most important room in the house

  • why is this room more important to you than any other rhythm

  • you specific reasons that examples to support your opinion

  • okay

  • so you see the topic

  • terrier three choices

  • is this a defense essay

  • a comparison essay or an explanatory essay

  • and hurry the clock is ticking

  • well if you said

  • explanatory assay you're correct

  • again in the example itself became words are or what do you

  • so what do you consider to be

  • notice in the essay it doesn't ask us to compare anything

  • s_s_c_ essentially choose something and explained

  • hopefully you did well on this little example

  • mail it's your turn

  • named that topic

  • so at the bottom of the page you will see a link

  • click on that link to begin this activity

  • when you are finished please return to the video portal to watch video part to

  • of

  • our video series

  • good luck

welcomes you and overview

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B1 中級

託福託業寫作概述 第一部分 (Overview TOEFL TOEIC Writing Part One)

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