but regardless of what you think or feel is true

但不管你怎麼想怎麼覺得都是對的

can we use math, the universal, unbiased language

能不能用數學這個通用的、不帶偏見的語言來表達？

to come to a conclusion?

來得出結論？

Can math prove God's existence?

數學能證明上帝的存在嗎？

The most famous argument in favour of a God-made world

最著名的支持上帝創造世界的論點。

using logic and reasoning is the "argument by design"

曉之以理，動之以情，是為 "設計論證"

Simply put, given how complex and amazing

簡單的說，既然複雜而又驚人的

everything around us is

周圍的事物都是

can we really believe that

豈有此理

dumb luck put it together?

運氣好就能湊齊？

Even from a scientist perspective

即使從科學家的角度來看

life is amazing

人生真奇妙

incredibly rare

稀奇古怪

and took a monumental amount of steps

並採取了大量的步驟

chance-happenings and time to come about

時來運轉

So, a religious person may argue:

所以，宗教人士可以認為。

"Doesn't it seem much more plausible

"這不是顯得更有道理嗎?

that there was some driving force behind it all?"

這一切背後有什麼推動力？"

This type of argument is called

這種類型的爭論被稱為

reductio ad absurdum

歸謬法

which simply means it attempts to

簡單來說就是它試圖

disprove a statement by showing

否定

it inevitably leads to absurd

貽誤戰機

or impractical conclusions

或不切實際的結論

In this case

在這種情況下

it suggests that 1) if there is no God, humans developing is very unlikely

這說明：1）如果沒有上帝，人類發展的可能性很小。

2) humans did develop

2）人類確實發展了

therefore, 3) it is unlikely that there is no God

是以，3）不可能沒有上帝。

but let's take this logic one step further

但是，讓我們把這個邏輯再往前推一步吧

and imagine a universe before anything has been created

暢想宇宙萬物，萬物未生

Here, we have a base box

在這裡，我們有一個基礎箱

where we have our two possibilities of

其中我們有兩種可能

God existing and no God existing

有神無神

On the other side are possibilities are that

另一方面，有可能是

humans exist or that humans don't exist

人類存在還是不存在

If no God is true

如果沒有神是真的

then most would agree that human existence takes a lot of specific factors to come about

那麼大多數人都會認為，人類的存在是需要很多特定的因素來實現的。

so let's make up a tiny probability

湊合著用吧

and say that there's a 1/4 billion billion chance

並說有1/4十億的可能性。

of humanity coming into existence

人類的誕生

in a world with no God

無神論世

and if God is real

如果上帝是真實的

even though we don't know that God would make humans

即使我們不知道上帝會讓人類

certainly He could

定能

so let's give it a higher probability

那就提高概率吧

of 1/4 million

1/4萬

Of course, if we examine the evidence

當然，如果我們考察證據

we know we exist

我們知道我們存在

so we can get rid of the other row

這樣我們就可以把另一行去掉

and as many of you who have used the "argument by design" point out

正如許多使用過 "設計論證 "的人所指出的那樣。

a human-made world with God

人間有神

seems much, much more likely rationally and statistically

從理性和統計學上看，似乎更有可能

and while this is true in some ways

雖然在某些方面確實如此

it forgets an important point

顧此失彼

that we have assumed there are only two major theories

我們假設只有兩個主要理論。

but we know this isn't true

但我們知道這是不正確的

many societies have believed in multiple gods

多神信仰

and given there are some aspects of this life that

並考慮到生活中的某些方面。

aren't merely as beautifully complex

不僅僅是美麗複雜

or seemingly intentional

或似有若無

perhaps a variety of squabbling gods

諸葛孔明

created the world

創世

Mathematician Jordan Ellenberg uses

數學家喬丹-埃倫伯格使用

the probability of 1/400,000

四十萬分之一的概率

that universe with multiple gods would create humans

多神的宇宙會創造人類

but it's important to remember

但要記住

that the exact numbers don't actually matter

虛虛實實

What does matter is that we can agree

重要的是，我們可以同意

rationally, that a universe with more gods

宇宙中神靈較多

has a higher chance of creating humans

有較高的機會創造人類

then one with a single God

渾然一體

or none at all

或根本沒有

it's also important to remember that

還必須記住

we're not comparing the probability

我們不是在比概率

of gods or no gods existing

有無神靈

we're asking ourselves

我們在問自己

if the God option is true

如果上帝選項為真

what is the likelihood of Him making humans?

他製造人類的可能性有多大？

and then we're asking separately

然後我們分別問

if the multiple gods option is true

如果多神選項為真

what is the likelihood that they would make humans?

它們製造人類的可能性有多大？

now, let's take this even further

現在，讓我們更進一步

to theories of us simply living in a simulation

我們只是生活在模擬中的理論。

like that of the Sims

模擬人生

Which individuals like Elon Musk

哪些個人喜歡埃隆-馬斯克

and Oxford philosopher Nick Bostrom believe

和牛津大學哲學家尼克-博斯特羅姆認為

as technology advances

隨著技術的進步

it's almost a certainty that future humans

幾乎可以肯定的是，未來的人類

will make extremely realistic human simulations

將做出極其逼真的人體模擬

based on the world that we live in

基於我們所處的世界

to study these humans like we study mice

像研究小白鼠一樣研究這些人

scientists already use simulations

科學家已經使用模擬

to understand nature and human behaviour

瞭解自然和人類行為

but in the future it's possible

但將來有可能

that the human test subjects

人類測試對象

will be conscious and think they are real

會有意識地認為自己是真實的

so we can give this scenario

所以我們可以給這種情況

a fairly high probability

極有可能

again, the exact number doesn't matter

虛虛實實

just that we can agree it's very likely

只不過大家都認為很有可能

that advanced humans would create these kinds of simulations

先進的人類會創造這種模擬

compared to the probability of a God or gods

比起神的可能性來

randomly deciding to make humans

隨機決定讓人類

when they don't need to

趁其不備

or could make millions of other animals

或可製造出數以百萬計的其他動物

or other aspects of the universe

宇宙的其他方面

after all, humanity is obsessed with humans

人性終究是人的，人之常情

so as you can see

可見

while maths can, in fact, show that

而事實上，數學可以證明

the existence of life is evidence that God exists

生命的存在就是上帝存在的證據

compared to no God

堪比無神

the same maths shows

同理

more compiling evidence that we're simulation by much smarter people

更多的證據表明，我們是由更聰明的人模擬。

special thanks to audible for supporting this episode

特別感謝audible對本集的支持

to give you a free 30-day trial at audible.com/asap

在audible.com/asap給你一個30天的免費試用期。

this week we wanted to recommend the book

本週我們要推薦的書是

'How Not To Be Wrong: The Power of Mathematical Thinking' by Jordan Ellenberg

喬丹-埃倫伯格的《如何不犯錯：數學思維的力量》。

which was the main source of this episode

這是本集的主要來源

and an incredible read on the hidden beauty and logic of our world

和一個令人難以置信的閱讀我們的世界的隱藏的美麗和邏輯。

through the lens of maths

數學觀

but in a way that is accessible to everyone

但以人人都能接受的方式

you can get a free 30-day trial at audible.com/asap

你可以在audible.com/asap獲得30天的免費試用期。

and choose from a massive selection

並從大量的選擇中選擇

we love them as they are great when you're on the go

我們喜歡他們，因為他們是偉大的，當你在走的時候

and subscribe for more weekly science videos

並訂閱更多每週科學視頻