Name: 為什麼日本的地理環境很糟糕 (Why Japan's Geography Sucks)
Uploaded: 2020-12-26T18:30:22.000Z
Duration: 11 min 39 s

基礎被動語態

this video was made possible by curiosity stream.

When you sign up at the link in the description, you'll also get access to Nebula, the streaming video platform that real life floor is a part of.

當你在描述中的鏈接處註冊後，你還可以進入星雲，即真人樓所屬的流媒體視頻平臺。

For over 100 years now, Japan has been one of the world's most powerful civilizations.

100多年來，日本一直是世界上最強大的文明之一。

Her impact on culture, technology and society has been among the greatest in history.

她對文化、科技和社會的影響是歷史上最大的。

But all of this is, despite her civilization spawned point being not necessarily the greatest.

但這一切，儘管她的文明產卵點不一定是最大的。

The core of Japanese civilization has always been based around the Japanese archipelago in the Pacific Ocean, Japan has always been an island civilization and modern day Japan consists of 6852 different islands, although there is really only four important ones that you need to know about Hokkaido, Hondshew, Shikoku and Kyushu, all of these islands combined give Japan a land area that's roughly equivalent to the U.

日本文明的核心一直圍繞著太平洋上的日本群島，日本一直是一個島國文明，現代的日本由6852個不同的島嶼組成，不過其實你需要知道的重要島嶼只有四個，分別是北海道、本修、四國和九州，所有這些島嶼加起來，日本的陸地面積大致相當於美國。

But it's a lot more spread out than that.

If you place Japan off the east coast of the United States, the southernmost islands would be south of Miami, while the northernmost would be above Halifax.

如果把日本放在美國東海岸外，最南端的島嶼應該在邁阿密以南，而最北端的島嶼應該在哈利法克斯之上。

And unlike California, Japan has a population of nearly 127 million people, more than three times the population.

而與加州不同的是，日本有近1.27億人口，是人口的3倍多。

However, most of this population is concentrated into just a few small areas on the island of Hong.

然而，這些人口大部分只集中在洪島的幾個小區域。

Xu in a topographic map helps to explain why this is Japan's first major geographic weakness.

徐在地形圖中有助於解釋為什麼這是日本的第一大地理弱點。

The home islands are absolutely hovered with mountains.

73% of Japan's total land area, in fact, is mountainous, which means that most of Japan's land is incredibly difficult and expensive to develop for human habitation.

事實上，日本總土地面積的73%都是山地，這意味著日本大部分土地的開發難度和開發成本都非常高，不適合人類居住。

With only 27% of her land not being covered by mountains, it means that despite being much larger in over all territory, Japan has about the same amount of livable and workable land that South Korea has.

日本只有27%的土地沒有被山體覆蓋，這意味著儘管日本的領土面積大得多，但其宜居宜業的土地數量與韓國差不多。

Most of the Japanese population is therefore crowded and stuffed into highly concentrated, dense urban areas across the scattered planes in between the mountains, like the no bi plane, home to seven million or the Osaka plane home toe.

是以，日本的大部分人口都擠擠挨挨地塞進了高度集中、密集的城市區域，橫亙在山間的零散平面，比如擁有700萬人口的無雙平面或大阪平面的家趾。

Over 19 million Japanese civilization historically was based around the Osaka plane with a capital in Kyoto before it was moved to the larger, more strategic and more productive Kanto Plain in the 17th century.

1900多萬的日本文明歷史上是以大阪平面為基礎，首都在京都，17世紀才遷到規模更大、戰略意義更強、生產力更強的關東平原。

The Kanto Plain is the largest single area of flat land in Japan, with the highest potential for agriculture and cheap expansion.

關東平原是日本單體面積最大的平地，農業潛力最大，擴張成本低廉。

And it's why today, the plainest home to the largest urban area in the world, Tokyo, home to three out of every 10 Japanese, 38 million people concentrated into an area the size of Kuwait.

而這也是為什麼今天，這個世界上最大的都市圈最樸素的故鄉--東京，每10個日本人中就有3個日本人，3800萬人口集中在科威特這麼大的地方。

All three of these planes are home to massive urban areas because of their flat land and location nearby to base that allow for easy trade and transportation.

這三架飛機的所在地都是大規模的城區，因為它們的地勢平坦，而且位於基地附近，可以方便貿易和運輸。

And Japan has always had to rely on trade to maintain her status as a great power because the biggest weakness in Japan's geography is maintaining her enormous population on an island that doesn't have enough resource is to sustain it.

而日本一直以來都要靠貿易來維持大國地位，因為日本地理上最大的弱點就是在一個沒有足夠資源的島嶼上維持龐大的人口。

Only 12% of Japan's land is arable and suitable for farming, compared with 25% of the U.

日本只有12%的土地是可耕地，適合耕種，而美國則是25%。

K's land, 34% of Germany's land, or 53% of India's land.

K的土地，佔德國土地的34%，或佔印度土地的53%。

The Japanese islands are also famously poor in natural resource is with virtually no oil reserves, natural gas, coal or minerals.

日本列島也是著名的自然資源貧乏的地方，幾乎沒有石油、天然氣、煤炭和礦產資源。

Therefore, Japan has always had to look abroad, for the resource is to feed her population and fuel her economy, either through trade or through conquest.

是以，日本總是要把目光投向國外，因為資源是要養活自己的人口，為自己的經濟加油，要麼通過貿易，要麼通過征服。

Japan currently relies extremely heavily on imported foodstuffs and fossil fuels, and for a time the government tried to offset this dependence by switching to nuclear power.

日本目前極度依賴進口食品和化石燃料，政府曾一度試圖通過改用核電來抵消這種依賴。

In 2010 25% of Japan's electricity came from domestic nuclear energy production.

2010年，日本25%的電力來自國內核能生產。

But Japan's other great geographic weakness intervened a severe vulnerability to natural disasters.

但日本的另一大地理弱點插手了嚴重的自然災害。

The 2011 earthquake and tsunami triggered a nuclear meltdown at the Fukushima nuclear reactor plant, and the resulting outcry and public opinion against nuclear energy led to the closure of every single nuclear power plant in the entire country by 2012.

2011年的地震和海嘯引發了福島核反應堆核電站的核熔燬，由此引發的反對核能的輿論和輿論，導致到2012年全國所有的核電站都被關閉。

Today, only 4% of Japan's electricity comes from nuclear power, and the country is even more dependent on fossil fuel imports, and another disaster could strike again at any time.

如今，日本只有4%的電力來自核電，日本更是依賴化石燃料進口，另一場災難隨時可能再次發生。

Japan is, after all, one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to natural disasters and certainly the most vulnerable great power by a wide margin, the top two most expensive disasters in human history both took place in Japan.

日本畢竟是世界上最容易受到自然災害影響的國家之一，當然也是最容易受到自然災害影響的大國，人類歷史上最昂貴的兩次災害都發生在日本。

The previously mentioned 2011 earthquake and tsunami that caused $411 billion in damages and the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake that caused $330 billion in damages.

前面提到的2011年的地震海嘯造成了4100億美元的損失，1995年的阪神大地震造成了3300億美元的損失。

Japan's geographic location is unfortunately at the intersection of four different tectonic plates that are grinding and scraping past one another, which often causes huge earthquakes and devastating tsunamis.

日本的地理位置很不幸地處於四個不同的構造板塊的交匯處，這些板塊相互磨擦，經常會引起巨大的地震和毀滅性的海嘯。

But those aren't the only disasters that Japan has to worry about.

但這些並不是日本唯一需要擔心的災難。

The intersection of these plates has also given the Japanese islands 108 current active volcanoes 10% of all the active volcanoes in the world, which occasionally erupt to cause even more damage.

這些板塊的交匯，也讓日本列島目前的108座活火山佔到了世界活火山總數的10%，這些活火山偶爾會爆發，造成更大的破壞。

The various natural disasters and rugged geography have made development in Japan historically difficult, but they also make any outside invasion of Japan a very difficult thing to accomplish throughout her entire history.

各種自然災害和崎嶇不平的地理環境，使日本的發展在歷史上變得困難重重，但也使任何外來的入侵在日本整個歷史上都是一件非常難以完成的事情。

Japan has never once been conquered by an outside power, and part of the reason for this is just because historically, Japan has been located pretty far away from all the other major world powers.

日本從來沒有被外來勢力征服過一次，部分原因只是因為歷史上，日本的地理位置離其他世界主要強國都相當遙遠。

China is located 800 kilometers away across an open ocean, and the only major time an invasion came from this direction was when the Mongols attempted to invade twice in the 13th century and failed twice from two different typhoons that destroyed their fleets.

中國與800公里外的公海隔海相望，唯一一次從這個方向入侵的大事件是13世紀蒙古人兩次試圖入侵，兩次失敗，因為兩次不同的颱風摧毀了他們的艦隊。

Natural disasters can occasionally work in Japan's favor, after all.

畢竟自然災害偶爾也會對日本有利。

And since Japan is located so far away from the troubles of Asia and the rest of the world, they have the option at any time to pursue a policy of isolationism, which they did for over two centuries between 16 41 and 18 53 when Japan had essentially zero contact with the outside world and punished any Japanese person leaving the islands with death if they ever returned.

而且由於日本遠離亞洲和世界其他地區的麻煩，他們可以隨時選擇實行孤立主義政策，在16 41年到18 53年的兩個多世紀裡，他們一直在實行這種政策，當時日本與外界的聯繫基本為零，凡是離開島嶼的日本人，如果再回來就會被處以死刑。

But the lack of raw materials and farm land at home needed to supply her economy and feed her people has occasionally led Japan to pursue a very different policy of imperialism to conquer what she needs.

但是，由於國內缺乏供給她的經濟和養活她的人民所需要的原材料和耕地，日本偶爾會採取一種截然不同的帝國主義政策來征服她所需要的東西。

And Korea has always been the first target.

The peninsula is a logical choice for expansion because it's close to Japan's core.

半島是擴張的合理選擇，因為它靠近日本的核心。

It can serve as a funnel for the Japanese military to push deeper into Asia from, and it's rich with natural mineral resource is and arable land a unified Japan attempted to conquer.

它可以作為日本軍方從亞洲深入推進的漏斗，它豐富的天然礦產資源是和耕地一個統一的日本試圖征服。

Korea wants for these reasons before the isolationist period in 15 92 and then again in 20th century after the end of the isolationist period, Japan's rapidly industrializing economy in the 20th century demanded things like oil, coal, steel and, of course, food, all of which Japan's geography has relatively poor amounts of and so Japan's that about on decades of conquest and war to secure those resource is she conquered Taiwan from China, defeated Russia and conquered Korea, attacked Germany and conquered her Pacific islands, attacked China again to conquer Manchuria, and then eventually invaded all of China.

韓國在15 92年孤立主義時期之前，以及在20世紀孤立主義時期結束後，日本在20世紀迅速的工業化經濟，需要石油、煤炭、鋼鐵等東西，當然還有糧食，出於這些原因，韓國要。所有這些日本的地理有相對較差的數量，所以日本的那關於對幾十年的征服和戰爭，以確保這些資源是她從中國征服臺灣，擊敗俄羅斯和征服北韓，攻擊德國和征服她的太平洋島嶼，再次攻擊中國征服滿洲，然後最終入侵整個中國。

It was a dangerous addiction that Japan's struggled to satisfy because every attack the Japan made resulted in even more international sanctions that restricted her ability to trade for resource is and continue her wars.

這是一個危險的癮，日本的努力滿足，因為日本的每一次攻擊，導致更多的國際制裁，限制了她的貿易資源是和繼續她的戰爭的能力。

S embargo Japan in 1940 cut off for oil supply, the Japanese military calculated that they only had two years left of oil in their reserves before they ran dry and couldn't continue.

1940年禁運日本切斷了石油供應，日本軍方計算出他們的石油儲備只剩下兩年就會枯竭，無法繼續。

The need for oil placed on them by their geography and trade restrictions caused the Japanese military to commit to invading Indonesia and the Philippines, which would eventually bring in basically the entire world against them.

由於地理環境和貿易限制對石油的需求，使得日本軍方承諾入侵印尼和菲律賓，最終基本上會讓整個世界都來反對他們。

Japan overextended themselves all across the Pacific and with rapidly depleting reserves of oil and coal that they couldn't possibly replenished.

日本在整個太平洋地區過度擴張，石油和煤炭的儲量迅速枯竭，他們不可能補充。

Back at home, they inevitably lost against a massive coalition that they couldn't have ever hoped to defeat.

回到國內，他們不可避免地輸給了一個龐大的聯盟，而這個聯盟是他們根本不可能希望打敗的。

But the allies of the war faced the same problem that the Mongols faced in the 13th century.

但戰爭的盟友面臨的問題和13世紀蒙古人面臨的問題一樣。

Invading Japan itself really, really sucks.

侵略日本本身真的非常非常的糟糕。

Japan planned a massive, all out defense of their home islands that probably would have cost the Allies million's of casualties.

日本計劃對他們的本島進行一次大規模的,全面的防禦... ...那很可能會使盟軍付出數百萬的傷亡。

所以，與其說是處理，不如說是U。

Resulted to dropping the atomic bombs in Japan surrendered without it ever coming to that.

結果在日本投下了原子彈，卻沒有達到投降的目的。

In the aftermath, Japan lost all of her imperial conquests since her industrial revolution and was once again confined to the media resource is and farmland of the Japanese home islands.

此後，日本失去了工業革命以來的所有帝國征服，再次侷限於日本本島的媒體資源是和農田。

Japan continues to claim the southern curl islands, however, which were annexed by the Soviet Union in later Russia after the war.

不過，日本繼續聲稱南卷島是戰後蘇聯在後俄羅斯吞併的。

And because of that dispute, Russia and Japan have still to this day in 2019, never signed an official peace treaty ending the Second World War between them.

而因為這一爭端，俄羅斯和日本直到2019年的今天，仍然沒有簽署結束雙方第二次世界大戰的正式和平條約。

The Japan of today, however, manages its geography struggle by trading for its resource is rather than conquering them, Japan has since specialized in automobiles, electron ICS, industrial equipment and robotics, and trades these specialized goods for the raw materials and food stuff that she desperately needs.

然而，今天的日本是通過交易來管理自己的地理鬥爭的，它的資源是而不是征服它們，日本後來專門從事汽車、電子ICS、工業設備和機器人，用這些專門的商品來換取她急需的原材料和糧食東西。

84% of Japan's energy and 50% of her meat is imported from other countries, and she is the world's largest importer of natural gas, second largest coal importer, second largest agricultural importer and third largest oil importer.

日本84%的能源和50%的肉類是從其他國家進口的，她是世界上最大的天然氣進口國，第二大煤炭進口國，第二大農產品進口國，第三大石油進口國。

It's safe to say that Japan still struggles with her geographic limitations and still deals with them by seeking out.

可以說，日本仍然在為她的地理侷限性而苦惱，仍然在通過尋找來應對。

Resource is abroad just in a different manner than she has in the past.

資源在國外，只是和她過去的方式不同。

The way that Japan attempted to solve her geographic limitations in the past through conquest was not justifiable.

日本過去試圖通過征服來解決其地理侷限性的方式是不合理的。

However, if you want to see a much more in depth video explaining how and why Japan fought World War two and how her geography hurt and helped, you should check out Apocalypse the Second World War.

然而，如果你想看到一個更深入的視頻，解釋日本如何和為什麼打第二次世界大戰，以及她的地理環境如何傷害和幫助，你應該檢查第二次世界大戰的啟示。

Next on Curiosity Stream, a glorious six part documentary Siri's that explains the full history of the Second World War through archival footage that has been painstakingly colored in so that you can see the events the same way as the people who lived through it actually did.

接下來的《好奇流》，是一部輝煌的六部紀錄片Siri's，它通過檔案片段解釋了第二次世界大戰的全部歷史，這些片段經過精心的著色，讓你可以看到事件的真相，就像那些真正經歷過的人一樣。

This is just one of thousands of titles that you can watch on your desktop.

這只是您可以在桌面上觀看的數千個標題之一。

Smart TV, IOS, Android, Apple TV, Roku Chromecast and more platforms through Curiosity Stream.

智能電視、IOS、Android、Apple TV、Roku Chromecast等平臺通過好奇流。

They're the perfect site for anybody who likes being entertained and taught something at the same time.

他們是一個完美的網站，任何人誰喜歡被娛樂，並在同一時間教的東西。

But what's even crazier is that they made their annual subscription even better by including a subscription to Nebula.

但更瘋狂的是，他們把年度訂閱變得更好，包括訂閱《星雲》。

Nebula is the streaming site that I and a bunch of other creators started as a place to try out new things on a platform purpose built for educational content.

Nebula是我和其他一些創作者創辦的流媒體網站，是一個在為教育內容而建立的平臺上嘗試新事物的地方。

All new real life lower videos go up their ad free, and there's also a bunch of original exclusive content from different creators such as My Car show.

所有新的真人低視頻上去他們的廣告都是免費的，還有一堆不同創作者的原創獨家內容，比如我的車展。

 To get all of that, all you need to do is sign up for the annual plan just 1999 per year at curiosity, stream dot com slash real life floor, and then you'll get an email with a link to get your free Nebula subscription. 

要想獲得這一切，你需要做的就是在好奇心註冊年度計劃，每年只需1999，流點網斜線現實生活樓，然後你就會收到一封帶有鏈接的郵件，讓你免費訂閱星雲。