Name: 醫學院的真實成本 (The Real Cost of Medical School)
Uploaded: 2020-12-19T19:40:37.000Z
Duration: 10 min 27 s

程度副詞

We all know medical school is enormously expensive, with the average medical student graduating

我們都知道醫學院的費用是非常昂貴的，一般醫學生在畢業時

But did you know that over a quarter of medical school graduates have no loans at all?

但你知道嗎，超過四分之一的醫學院畢業生根本沒有貸款。

Data from this video comes from the official 2020 AAMC Medical School Graduation Questionnaire

本視頻中的數據來自2020年AAMC醫學院官方的畢業調查問卷

and the AAMC's reports on Economic Diversity.

和美國亞美尼亞商會關於經濟多樣性的報告，

Here's a trend that will surprise you — the percentage of newly minted doctors graduating

有一個趨勢會讓你感到驚訝--新進醫生的畢業比例。

with medical school student debt is dropping.

In 2014, 82.6% of students had medical school loans, trending down to 70.8% of students

2014年，82.6%的學生有醫學院的貸款，趨勢是下降到70.8%的學生

In terms of the debt distribution, approximately 50% of students graduate with debt between

從債務分佈來看，約有50%的學生畢業時的債務在

Approximately 12% graduate with $300,000 or more, 12% with less than $100,000, and 25%

約有12%的畢業生擁有30萬美元以上的資金，12%的畢業生擁有10萬美元以下的資金，25%的畢業生擁有30萬美元以上的資金。

The median debt for those who need to take out loans is going up, meaning the average

需要貸款的人的債務中位數正在上升，這意味著平均。

medical student taking out loans is in more debt than the average from just a few years

貸款的醫學生比幾年前的平均水平還多了不少債務

But the fraction of students graduating with any debt at all is decreasing.

但畢業時有任何債務的學生比例正在減少。

In the 1980's, rates hovered around 90%, in 2014 it was 82.6%, and in 2020 we're at 72.3%.

上世紀80年代，利率在90%左右徘徊，2014年是82.6%，2020年我們是72.3%。

There doesn't seem to be a simple and clear cut explanation.

似乎沒有一個簡單明瞭的解釋。

This decreasing trend cannot simply be explained by a few medical schools offering free tuition,

這種減少的趨勢不能簡單地用少數醫學院提供免費學費來解釋。

即紐約大學、哥倫比亞大學和凱撒大學。

Nor is it likely that this can be accounted for by masses of medical students going to

這也不可能用大量醫學生去解釋。

service contracts, such as the military, to cover their medical tuition.

服務合同，如軍隊，以支付他們的醫療費用。

One possibility is that scholarships are increasing in number and in value, which is part of the

一種可能是，獎學金的數量和價值都在增加，這是它的一部分。

equation, but I don't think this accounts for the whole story.

等式，但我不認為這說明了整個故事。

The number of medical students receiving free money in the form of scholarships, stipends,

以獎學金、助學金形式獲得免費資金的醫學生人數。

or grants has slightly increased from 61% to 63% from 2014 to 2020.

或贈款從2014年到2020年從61%略微增加到63%。

But the median scholarship amount has remained around $20,000 to $25,000.

但獎學金金額的中位數一直維持在2萬至2.5萬美元左右。

Or perhaps it's because more students from affluent families have parents who are footing

也可能是因為更多來自富裕家庭的學生有父母的支持。

For some time now, more than half of matriculating medical students have parents who are in the

一段時間以來，半數以上的預科醫學生的父母在。

Explaining that finding could be a separate video in and of itself, but what's important

解釋這個發現本身可以是一個單獨的視頻，但重要的是什麼？

to focus on here is the trend, which seems pretty stable.

這裡要關注的是趨勢，這似乎很穩定。

In the last decade, there doesn't seem to be a shift to explain the larger number of

在過去的十年裡，似乎並沒有轉變為解釋更多的。

I'm not quite sure what to make of the data.

我不太清楚該如何看待這些數據。

Another interesting finding is that 2/3 of matriculating medical students have no loans

另一個有趣的發現是，2/3的預科醫學生沒有貸款。

from their college premed years, which is surprising to say the least.

從他們的大學預科開始，這至少可以說是令人驚訝的。

On a national level, 70% of college graduates take on student loans with a median of $29,000,

從全國範圍來看，70%的大學畢業生承擔了學生貸款，中位數為2.9萬美元。

yet only 33% of first year medical students have any student debt, similarly with a median

然而，只有33%的第一年醫學生有任何學生債務，類似於中位數的學生債務。

這可能是由於兩大因素造成的。

First, the socioeconomic status of entering medical students is skewed towards more privileged

首先，入學醫學生的社會經濟地位向較為優越的人群傾斜。

backgrounds, therefore more medical students have parents who footed their college bills.

背景，是以，更多的醫學生的父母為他們支付大學費用。

And second, those who were successful in getting into medical school were very strong students,

其次，成功考上醫學院的都是非常優秀的學生。

and were therefore more likely to secure merit based grants and scholarships, thus reducing

是以，更有可能獲得基於成績的助學金和獎學金，從而減少了對學生的影響。

The number of graduating medical students without any student debt is increasing.

沒有任何學生債務的畢業醫學生數量正在增加。

Maybe you're rejoicing and giving your friends high fives right about now.

也許你現在就在歡欣鼓舞，和朋友們擊掌。

It's important for premeds and medical students alike to keep this data in perspective and

醫學預科生和醫學生都要把這些數據看得清清楚楚，並且

understand the nuances of what it tells us.

First, yes, it's great that close to 30% of freshly minted doctors have no med school

首先，是的，接近三成的應屆醫生沒有讀過醫科大學，這很好啊

That's a substantial improvement from just a few years ago, and that's something to celebrate.

與幾年前相比，這是一個實質性的進步，這是值得慶祝的事情。

But understand that the median medical school debt has been increasing, meaning if you're

但要明白，醫學院的債務中位數一直在增加，也就是說，如果你是。

not one of the lucky 30% to graduate without any debt, your total loan burden is likely

如果你不是幸運的30%的畢業生，你的總貸款負擔可能是

going up — more specifically, up from $180,000 in 2017 to $200,000 in 2020.

要漲--更具體地說，從2017年的18萬美元漲到2020年的20萬美元。

Considering median debt amounts have been steadily rising for the last several years,

考慮到過去幾年債務金額中位數一直在穩步上升。

it's not unreasonable to expect that trend to continue, meaning if you're graduating

這種趨勢繼續下去也不是沒有道理的，也就是說，如果你在畢業的時候

medical school in 2022 or 2025, the median student debt will likely be higher than $200,000.

在2022年或2025年的醫學院，學生債務的中位數可能會高於20萬美元。

Second, understand that when we talk about the median, that doesn't mean you'll necessarily

第二，要明白，當我們說到中位數的時候，並不是說你一定會

You could be in substantially more or substantially less debt.

你的債務可能會大幅增加或大幅減少。

In 2020, 11% of graduating medical students had between $300,000 and $400,000 in medical

2020年，11%的畢業醫學生的醫療費用在30萬到40萬之間。

school debt, nearly 3% had between $400,000 and $500,000, and about 1% had more than half

學校債務，近3%的人有40萬至50萬的債務，約1%的人有一半以上的債務。

Third, understand the math that goes behind student loans and paying them off.

第三，瞭解助學貸款和還款背後的數學知識。

Too often I hear students saying $300k in loans is no big deal, I'll pay that off in

我經常聽到學生說，30萬的貸款沒什麼大不了的，我會把這些錢還清的。

That $300,000 is going to be compounding around 6-7% per year during your residency training.

這30萬元在住院醫師培訓期間，每年的複利約為6-7%。

So while you'll be making minimum payments, the principal will actually be increasing

所以，當你要支付最低的還款額時，本金其實是在增加的。

Even as an orthopedic surgeon pulling in $500,000, you have to pay taxes, meaning you'll take

即使是一個骨科醫生，收入50萬，你也要交稅，也就是說你要拿著...

home between $289,000 and $335,000, depending on your state income tax situation.

家28.9萬到33.5萬之間，這取決於你的國家所得稅情況。

And out of that amount, you'll need to pay your mortgage, utilities, health insurance,

而在這筆錢中，你需要支付房貸、水電、醫療保險。

your kid's daycare, car payments, car insurance, food, travel, Netflix, that new iPhone you

你的孩子的託兒所，汽車付款，汽車保險，食品，旅遊，Netflix，你的新iPhone。

gotta have, a new sim racing rig with VR headset, and of course save for retirement.

得有，新的模擬賽車裝備與VR頭顯，當然也要為退休後的生活儲蓄。

And that's before making a dent in your loans.

Suddenly that $300k doesn't seem like such an insignificant amount, particularly when

突然間，這30萬似乎並不是一個微不足道的數字，特別是當... ...

you add the reality of the compounding effect working against you with your student loan

你加上現實的複利效應 對你的學生貸款不利的工作

And while there are many aspiring orthopedic surgeons, many are unable to match because

而有志於做骨科醫生的人很多，但很多人都無法匹配，因為

it's one of the top 5 most competitive specialties.

是競爭最激烈的五大專業之一。

If you end up going into sports medicine, internal medicine, emergency medicine, anesthesiology,

如果你最終進入運動醫學、內科、急診科、麻醉科。

or something else, you'll likely be making substantially less than the average orthopod,

或其他東西，你很可能會比一般的整形外科醫生賺得少很多。

meaning it'll take much longer to pay off your loans.

意味著需要更長的時間來償還貸款。

While the default path in the United States is to attend an allopathic medical school,

雖然美國默認的途徑是就讀於對立的醫學院。

we cannot exclude the alternate paths from the financial analysis, namely osteopathic

我們不能從財務分析中排除其他路徑，即整骨療法。

The American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine publishes similar data in their annual

美國整骨醫學學院協會在其年度的《美國整骨醫學》雜誌上公佈了類似的數據。