Name: Covid疫苗。貧窮國家會不會吃虧？- BBC新聞 (Covid vaccine: Will poorer countries lose out? - BBC News)
Uploaded: 2020-12-06T18:43:01.000Z
Duration: 5 min 45 s

基礎被動語態

172 countries have signed up to a program to ensure doses are equitably distributed around the world.

172個國家已經簽署了一項方案，以確保在世界各地公平分配劑量。

情態副詞

But some of those, including the UK, have brought vaccines directly from the pharmaceutical companies.

但包括英國在內的一些國家，直接從藥廠引進了疫苗。

But there are real fears that lower income nations will be left behind.

但人們確實擔心低收入國家會被拋在後面。

I'm joined now by our correspondent Roger Adi Ammo in Nairobi.

現在我們在內羅畢的記者羅傑-阿迪-阿莫加入了我的採訪。

Uh, tell us firstly, what the situation is in Nairobi in terms of getting access to a vaccine on whether or not there will be some kind of a roll out program there.

呃，首先告訴我們，內羅畢在獲得疫苗方面的情況如何，是否會有某種推廣方案。

So so far just to say, uh, in terms of the spread of covid-19 in Kenya, we've seen that there's been a spike in cases and this is because of the ease of movement that was reduced by the president and asked him to ease when he asked the government to ease down the lockdown measures.

所以到目前為止，在肯亞新冠肺炎的傳播，我們已經看到已經有達到高峰，這是因為總統放寬移動限制，他要求政府放寬限制措施。

But in terms of rolling out a vaccine, the government has partnered with UNICEF to come up with structures where they're able to train health care workers and also see how they're able to roll out the vaccine to people who need them most.

但在推出疫苗方面，政府已經與聯合國兒童基金會合作，提出了一些結構，讓他們能夠培訓醫護人員，同時也看到他們如何能夠將疫苗推出給最需要的人。

And these are priority groups and we've seen what the WHO and the Africa CDC have said that the priority groups should be healthcare workers because these are people who are taking care of people who are severely and critically ill of covid-19, and also the elderly people who have underlying conditions.

而這些都是優先群體，我們已經看到了WHO和非洲疾控中心所說的優先群體應該是醫護人員，因為這些人都是在照顧新冠肺炎重症和危重病人，還有其他疾病的老人。

What about in terms off cost off this road?

Er, is there an issue regarding whether or not uh, the country will be able thio get the resources to actually get hold of the vaccines in the first place?

呃，是否有一個問題，關於是否或呃， 國家將能夠得到資源 實際上得到持有的疫苗擺在首位？

Cost is something that has played a key role in how Kenya has access even the other existing vaccines.

成本是肯亞如何獲得甚至其他現有疫苗的關鍵因素。

But we've seen a support from the W two together with a Global Vaccine Alliance initiative is that once a potential cove in 19 vaccine has been licensed and approved to be used in the African continent.

但是我們已經看到了W兩一起全球疫苗聯盟倡議的一個支持是，一旦19種疫苗中的一種潛在的洞穴已經被許可和準許在非洲大陸使用。

In the context of Kenya and many other low and middle income countries, the vaccine will cost about three U.

在肯亞和許多其他低收入和中等收入國家的背景下，疫苗將花費約3個美元。

Dollars, and many people in Kenya have said that this is still in too expensive for them.

美元，而肯亞的很多人都表示，這對他們來說還是在太貴。

Thio, take this vaccine because you have to remember that we right now we do not know which vaccine will be used in the continent, whether it's the Oxford AstraZeneca one or the Madonna one.

Thio，打這個疫苗，因為你要記住，我們現在還不知道大陸會用哪種疫苗，是牛津阿斯利康的還是麥當勞的。

And all of them have to be given at least two dozers at some days apart.

而且所有的人都必須在一些日子裡至少給他們兩臺打手。

So cost is still something that is still being discussed.

Because also Kenya has to put us to set aside some funding to see how they're going to be able to procure some of these vaccines through the facility that the W H O has set up radio.

因為肯亞也必須讓我們留出一些資金，看看他們如何能夠通過世界衛生組織建立的無線電設施採購一些疫苗。

Thank you so much for talking us through that Roeder or the AMBO there in Nairobi.

謝謝你告訴我們，通過Roeder或AMBO在內羅畢。

Well, I'm joined now by Ross Schools Policy adviser to Medicine Sans Frontiere Thank you so much for being with us vaccine nationalism.

好了，我現在加入了羅斯學校政策顧問醫學無疆界感謝你這麼多的與我們疫苗民族主義。

Just talk us through the dangers off what there is regarding preferential treatment when it comes to vaccines.

就給我們講講疫苗優待的危險性。

We're very concerned about the dangers of vaccine nationalism and what we're seeing.

我們非常關注疫苗民族主義的危害，以及我們看到的情況。

Vaccine nationalism is a term that's kind of arisen during the pandemic, where what we're seeing is some countries putting national interests essentially above global collaboration and the solidarity that's needed to end this pandemic andan some cases to the detriment of other countries being able to get access.

疫苗民族主義這個詞是在這場大流行病中出現的，我們看到的是一些國家將國家利益置於全球合作和團結之上，而這正是結束這場大流行病所需要的，在某些情況下，這損害了其他國家獲得疫苗的機會。

So this came around because high-income countries, including the UK, EU and the US, are pre-ordering essentially more than their fair share of the available global supplies of Covid vaccines.

之所以會出現這種情況，是因為高收入國家，包括英國、歐盟和美國，預購的疫苗基本上超過了他們在全球供應中的公平份額。

So what we will see is that they will be limited global, available global supplies, at least initially for any successful approved vaccines.

是以，我們將看到的是，他們將是有限的全球，可用的全球供應，至少最初是任何成功準許的疫苗。

But what we're seeing is high income countries like you said, going directly to companies to pre order their doses on what this means is that those with the deepest pockets the countries that can you know, can afford essentially our booking up the limited available supply.

但我們看到的是高收入的國家，就像你說的，直接向公司預購他們的劑量，這意味著那些有最深的口袋的國家，你知道，可以負擔得起基本上我們預訂了有限的可用供應。

So there's going to be very little left for lower middle income countries just to take the Pfizer vaccine as an example out of their projected available supplies until the end of 25 2021 85% of that available supplies already being sold essentially pre booked the high income countries.

所以中低收入國家所剩無幾了，就以輝瑞疫苗為例，他們預計到25 2021年底的可用供應量中，85%的可用供應量已經被賣出，基本上已經預先預訂了高收入國家。

So we're really concerned about what the available supply will be for lower middle income countries in this situation.

所以我們真正關心的是，在這種情況下，中低收入國家的可用供應量會是多少。

Well, with that in mind, then how can we ensure that vaccines are fairly distributed around the world?

好吧，既然如此，那麼我們如何才能確保疫苗在全世界公平分配呢？

I mean, you know, a couple of global health institutions have come together, as your previous correspondent was mentioning to form the Kobe Vaccine Global Access Facility the Kovacs facility with the aim of increasing equitable distribution of forgive me for interrupting rules.

我的意思是，你知道，幾個全球衛生機構已經走到了一起，就像你的前一位記者提到的那樣，成立了神戶疫苗全球准入基金，即科瓦茨基金，目的是增加公平分配的疫苗，原諒我打斷了規則。

But not everybody, as we know, has signed up Thio Kovacs, the World Health Organization initiative.

但正如我們所知，並非所有人都簽署了世界衛生組織的倡議Thio Kovacs。

So there will be people that are falling by the wayside here.

所以，會有一些人在這裡落荒而逃。

And this is that what we're concerned about is Amazon.

而這就是我們關注的是亞馬遜。

We're really concerned that the interest of high income countries and the way that they're pursuing their orders outside of Kovacs and not always engaging with Kobach is really problematic on we'll need toe will lead to a delay in low and middle income countries getting access by months or potentially years.

我們真的很擔心，高收入國家的利益和他們在科瓦奇之外追求他們的訂單的方式，而不是總是與科瓦奇接觸，真的是有問題的，我們將需要趾將導致中低收入國家獲得訪問的延遲幾個月或可能幾年。

You know, we're seeing situation now where the UK is hoping to roll out the vaccine next week.

你知道，我們現在看到的情況是，英國希望下週推出疫苗。

Well, you know, it's going to be months if not years.

嗯，你知道，這將是幾個月，如果不是幾年。

But before learn, Millikan countries in some cases could say the same thing.

但在學習之前，米利肯國家在某些情況下也可以說是一樣的。

So I mean, you know, what we really want to see is the maximization of the available global supply.

所以，我的意思是，你知道，我們真正想看到的是最大限度地提高全球可用的供應。

So that We're not all scrambling over the supplies we need to maximize available supplies on.

這樣，我們就不會為我們需要的物資爭得面紅耳赤，最大限度地提高可用物資上。

Pharmaceutical companies and governments need to share data and knowledge on these technologies with his many manufacturers is possible around the world so that we can scale up these supplies as much as possible.

製藥公司和政府需要與他的許多製造商分享這些技術的數據和知識是可能在世界各地，以便我們能夠儘可能地擴大這些供應。

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