academic vocabulary, with a focus on nouns. So, today, we will look at 10 academic nouns

學術字彙，重點在名詞。今天，我們會看到10個學術名詞

that you may see or hear on the IELTS or TOEFL tests, and this could be either in the reading,

你在考雅思或托福時可能會碰到，這可能在閱讀，

writing, listening, or speaking sections.

寫作，聽力，或者口說部分出現

Now, today, you may see some words that you are familiar with, and you may see some words

今天，你會看到一些你熟悉的單字，而有些單字

that are totally new to you. If you're familiar with the words, that's excellent - but don't

對你來說可能完全是新東西。如果你對這些字很熟悉，那很棒- 但可別

get overconfident because the purpose of today is not only to learn new words, but to look

太過自信了，因為今天的任務不僅是學習新的字彙，更是要探究

at words that you may be familiar with, but perhaps, you know, you're not sure how to

你熟悉的那些單字，很可能地，你知道的，你並不確定如何

use it appropriately in a sentence, and more specifically, in an academic sentence. And

適當地在句子中使用它，確切來說，用於學術寫作上。

when you're done here today with this video, don't forget to check out a more extensive

觀看完今天的影片後，更別忘了觀看更多領域

list of academic vocabulary on the www.engvid.com resources page.

學術語彙的清單，在Engvid頁面上

Okay, so let's begin. First word that we're going to look at today is: "aspect". Now,

現在讓我們開始吧。今天我們第一個要看到的字是："aspect".

an "aspect" is a part or element of something. So, for example, the sentence we have on the

"aspect" 代表某事物的部分或者組成。舉例來說，白板上的句子

board is: "Vocabulary is just one aspect of language." So vocabulary is just one part of language.

"字彙僅是語言中的一個層面" 所以說，字彙僅僅是語言的一部份

Second, we have the word: "component". And, if you notice, it has the exact same definition

接著，我們看到"component"這個字。如果你有注意到，它跟"aspect"有恰恰相同的意思

of "aspect", so it's a part or element of something as well. And the sentence we have

它也是某事物的部分或者組成。而我們看到的句子

here is: "A laptop has many complex components."

在這邊："手提電腦有許多複雜的元件"

Now, you might be asking yourself: "Well, are these words exactly the same?" And the

現在你可能會這樣問自己："這些字是完全一樣的意思嗎？"而

answer to that is: not really. They are the same, in that you can talk about abstract

答案是：不盡然。他們是相同的，在提及抽象

aspect and abstract components to things, but when it comes to physical things, you're

層面和事物的抽象組成時，但當講到實物，你

more likely to use the word "component". So, for example: here I'm talking about the components

更可能會用"component"這個字。舉例來說，現在我講到手提電腦的元件

of a laptop, so I'm talking about the board inside, and the RAM, and the memory, and everything

所以我就是在說裡面的模板、隨存與一般記憶體，跟任何

like that; so I'm talking about the physical parts of the laptop. Again, you can use both

像這樣的東西；所以我談論的是手提電腦的實物。再一次強調，你可以用這兩個

of them to talk about the abstract parts or elements of something, but if you're referring

詞去講述任何事物抽象的部分或組合，但如果你是用指

to the physical part of something, I would stick with "component".

某樣事物的實物，我會堅持要用"component"

All right, the next word we have is: "consequence". I'm sure many of you are familiar with this

好的，下一個我們要看到的字："consequence" 我很確定許多人很熟悉這個

word. It's a result or effect of something. So, for example, the sentence we have here

單字。這代表某件事的結果或影響。舉個例子，我們在這邊看到的句子

is: "Obesity is a consequence of overeating." And, again, "overeating" just means eating

事："肥胖是暴食帶來的結果"。"overeating"正意味吃得

too much and "obesity" is the physical problem of being overweight to the point where it's

太多，而"obesity"是身體問題，顯示過重

not good for your health. So, one thing about this word, if you are going to use a preposition

對你的健康可不好。關於這個單字的要點，如果你要把介詞

after it... The most common preposition we use with "consequence" is: "of". So we say:

加在其後⋯"consequence"最常搭配的介詞是"of"。所以我們說：

"This is a consequence of this.", "That is a consequence of this." Okay?

"這就是事情的後續"，"這就是事情的後續"，瞭解嗎？

The next word we have is: "disposal". The meaning I give for this is: the act of arranging

下一個單字是："disposal" 意思是：安排或分配的行為

or distributing. So think of "disposal" as the distribution of something and the arrangement

"disposal"就像是分配某事物跟做調度安排

of it. So, for example, in the army: "The general is responsible for the disposal of

舉個軍隊中的例子："將軍負責軍隊的調度"

troops." Now, when I say "troops", I mean soldiers, people who are in the army, for

當我說"troops"，我指的是士兵，那些在軍隊中的人，

arranging them and where they're going to go.

安排他們的位子跟去向

And finally, we have the word: "function" which is the working purpose of something.

最後，我們看到"function"這個字，意思是某事物的作用

So: "Today's phones have numerous helpful functions." And again, "function" is another

"在今日，電話有許多實用的功能"。"function"是另一個

word, another noun where if you want to use a preposition after it, use the preposition:

單字，另一個如果你想使用介詞，要用介詞"of"搭配的名詞

"of". So: "What is the function of a cellphone or the function of a camera?" Etcetera, etcetera.

所以，"什麼是手機或照相機的功用呢？"諸如此類的。

Okay, guys, let's look at five more words.

好的，各位，讓我們再看五個字彙

Okay, so the next word is: "indication". So, "indication" means a sign or a token of something.

好的，所以下個單字："indication"。"indication"代表某事物的象徵或者記號

So if we look at the sentence: "The melting of ice caps" - of polar ice caps - "is an

我們來看看這句子："冰冠融化" - 極地的冰冠 - 這是

indication of global warming." So, if you're making an argument about science, for example,

地球暖化的象徵。所以如果你要做個科學的論點，舉例來說，

in one of your papers, this might be a sentence that you would write. So, "an indication of".

在你的研究報告中，這可能是你會寫下的句子。"an indication of"

Again, you're using the preposition "of" after: "indication". Okay?

同樣的，你會在"indication"後使用介詞"of"，瞭解嗎

The next word is very common - I'm sure you're familiar with it - and that word is: "option".

下一個字很常見 -我很確定你對它很熟悉 - 這個字就是"option"

So again, an "option" is basically a choice, and usually it's a choice of one of several

"option" 基本上就是選擇，通常是從數個可能中做的選擇

possibilities. Right? So: "This is one of several options." One of several choices.

對吧？"這是眾多選項中的其一" ，眾多選項中的一個

The next word is: "role". So a person's "role" is their position or their customary function

下一個字："role"。一個人的角色就是他們的職位或者他們的一貫功能

of something. So: "The role of government is to protect its citizens." When I mean "the

"政府扮演的角色在於保護公民" 當我提到"

role of government", I'm talking about the customary function; the usual way the government

政府的角色"，我說的就是一般性的功能；在一般方面政府

is supposed to work is to protect its citizens. Okay?

應該要保護公民，瞭解嗎？

The next word is: "trend". So, a "trend" is a style that is currently popular. It can

下一個字："trend"。"trend"指一種當今流行的風格。它也可以

also be like the general direction that something is... Something is heading where. "Somewhere

是某事物的大致方向，某事物正朝哪前進。"Somewhere

is heading where", that doesn't make any sense - sorry, guys. Basically, the general direction

is heading where"，這句子好像行不通- 抱歉啦各位。基本上，大致的方向

something is heading. Okay, the sentence is: "A recent trend in marketing is to use social

某事物正前進著，瞭解嗎？好的，句子正是："近期的市場趨勢是使用社群

media." So something that is currently popular, for example. In this sentence, something that

媒體" 某樣現在很流行的事物，舉例來說。在這個句子中，某事物

is currently popular in marketing, in advertising is the use of social media; to use social

是現在在市場中很流行的，社群媒體用於廣告中；用社群

media.

媒體

And finally, we have the word: "substitute". And a "substitute" is a replacement for somebody

最後，我們看到"substitute"這個字。"substitute"為某人或某事的替代者/物

or something. Often times, this replacement is temporary, so a substitute teacher, for

通常這樣的取代只是暫時的，例如代課老師，舉例

example. The sentence we have is: "There is no substitute for hard work." There is no

來說。我們看到的句子："沒什麼能取代勤勉的工作" 沒什麼能

substitute for studying a lot; there's no replacement for it. It's a very common phrase

取代認真學習；沒有任何替代方案。這是非常常見的短語

that we have in English, so feel free to use it.

我們在英文中會有的，所以儘管用它吧

Okay, guys, those are 10 words, 10 academic nouns that can help you and will help you

好的，各位，這就是10個單字啦，10個學術詞彙能幫助你也將助益你

on your IELTS or TOEFL tests. So, if you want to test your understanding of all of the material

在雅思或托福的應試。如果你想要測驗你對今天學到的東西的瞭解，

we have covered today, you can check out the quiz on www.engvid.com. And don't forget to

你可以上engvid網站做測驗。也別忘了

check out the more extensive list of academic vocabulary in our resources section. That's

看看更多學術詞彙的列表，在我們的資源區。今天

it for me today. Take care, guys, and I'll talk to you soon.

就到此為止囉，保重，各位，很快再見