when they're not expecting it.

當他們不希望它。

But I hate to break it to you,

但我不想打斷你。

you're actually eating them all the time.

你實際上是在吃他們所有的時間。

I'm not just talking about the critters

我說的不僅僅是小動物的問題

that end up in juices or jams by accident.

誤入果汁或果醬的。

Some bugs are in our food because, well,

有些蟲子在我們的食物中，因為，好。

we put them there.

我們把他們放在那裡。

If you think it's fruit

如果你認為這是水果

that turns this strawberry yogurt red, think again.

變成這個草莓酸奶紅色，再想想。

Yes, there are in fact strawberries in there,

是的，裡面其實是有草莓的。

but they're there for flavor and texture, not color.

但它們是為了味道和質感，而不是顏色。

That bright red comes from something else called carmine.

那鮮豔的紅色來自於另外一種叫胭脂紅的東西。

Oh, and it's made from squashed bugs.

哦，它是用壓扁的蟲子做的。

Squashed female cochineal bugs, to be specific.

具體來說，是壓扁了雌性胭脂蟲。

They're tick-sized critters native to Mesoamerica

它們是原產於中美洲的蝨子大小的小動物。

where they suck the juice from prickly pear cactuses.

它們在那裡吸食刺梨仙人掌的汁液。

Greig: And if you squish them, they are bright red inside

如果你把它們壓扁，它們的內部是鮮紅色的。

and kind of a purply, deep purple-red color,

而且是那種紫紅色的深紫色。

and that's the source of cochineal,

這就是胭脂蟲的來源。

cochineal dye, carmine, whatever you wanna call it.

胭脂紅染料，胭脂紅，不管你怎麼稱呼它。

Narrator: For thousands of years, people have been using

旁白：幾千年來，人們一直在使用

these bugs to dye everything from clothes to pottery.

這些蟲子可以給從衣服到陶器的所有東西染色。

But it wasn't until more recently

但直到最近

that they made their way into commercial foods.

它們進入了商業食品。

From 1955 to 2010, the consumption of food coloring

從1955年到2010年，食用色素的消費情況

rose by 500% in the United States.

漲了500%，在美國。

That's mostly thanks to artificial colors

這主要得益於人工色彩

like Red 40, Yellow 5, and Blue 1.

如紅40、黃5、藍1。

But in the late 20th century, consumers became

但在20世紀末，消費者變得

increasingly concerned about synthetic chemicals

越來越關注合成化學品

in their foods and demanded more natural ingredients.

在他們的食品中，並要求更多的天然成分。

So many companies turned to carmine.

所以很多公司轉而選擇了胭脂紅。

It's FDA improved and tasteless.

這是FDA改進的，無味。

It resists degradation from light, heat, and oxidation,

它能抵抗光、熱和氧化的降解。

and unlike some synthetic colorants,

而不像一些合成著色劑。

it hasn't been linked to cancers or tumor growth.

它還沒有被鏈接到癌症或腫瘤生長。

Greig: Now, some people apparently have allergies to it,

格雷格：現在，有些人顯然對它過敏。

but compared with the downsides

但與缺點相比

of the chemical dye, it's very benign.

的化學染料，這是非常良性的。

It's like using beet juice.

就像用甜菜汁一樣。

Narrator: And just like that, carmine ended up

旁白：就這樣，胭脂紅結束了

in strawberry and cream Frappuccinos

在草莓和奶油法布奇諾中。

and cake pops at Starbucks,

和星巴克的蛋糕爆米花。

in Tropicana grapefruit juice,

在Tropicana葡萄柚汁中。

and, yes, in Yoplait yogurts.

而且，是的，在Yoplait酸奶。

Just look for carmine or cochineal extract

找找看有沒有胭脂紅或胭脂紅提取物

on the label to see for yourself.

在標籤上自己看。

But today, carmine is becoming harder and harder to come by.

但如今，胭脂紅越來越難得。

Some companies like Campari Group,

坎帕裡集團等一些公司。

maker of the famous Campari aperitif, have phased it out

坎帕裡酒的製造商，已經把它淘汰了

for economic reasons in the US.

由於美國的經濟原因。

Greig: It's expensive to make. I mean, it's easier

格雷格：做起來很貴。我的意思是，它更容易

to just make a chemical dye,

以只做化學染料。

and this is a very specialized,

而這是一個非常專業的。

you have to farm these little bugs,

你必須養殖這些小蟲子。

and collect billions of pounds of them,

並收取其中的數十億英鎊。

and dry all them and all that, so

並將其全部烘乾，所以

I think that just wasn't as practical.

我想，這只是沒有那麼實際。

Narrator: Other companies took it out because, well,

旁白：其他公司把它拿出來是因為..,

people still don't like eating bugs, especially vegans.

人們還是不喜歡吃蟲子，尤其是素食主義者。

In 2012, a vegan news site

2012年，一個素食新聞網站

outed Starbucks for using cochineal

揭發星巴克使用胭脂水粉。

in its Strawberries and Crème Frappuccino,

在其草莓和奶油法布奇諾中。

saying that it's not vegan,

說這不是素食。

and a month later, the company said they'd switch

並在一個月後，該公司表示他們將轉為

to a bug-free alternative.

到一個無錯誤的選擇。

In fact, Yoplait now remains

事實上，Yoplait現在仍然

one of the only major brands that sells

的主要品牌之一。

food colored with carmine.

食品用胭脂紅染色。

But even Yoplait may phase it out

但是，即使是Yoplait也可能會淘汰它

after customers expressed concerns

在客戶表示關注後

about eating bug parts.

關於吃蟲子的部分。

Greig: So I just think it's ironic

格雷格：所以我只是覺得這很諷刺。

people are freaked out about insects, about eating insects,

人們對昆蟲，對吃昆蟲感到害怕。

even though we eat

雖說我們吃

2 pounds of insects a year on average by accident.

平均每年誤食2斤昆蟲。

Narrator: And to show just how harmless they are,

旁白：來證明它們是多麼的無害。

we tried some.

我們嘗試了一些。

Jones: Nope, just tastes like yogurt!

瓊斯，不，只是味道像酸奶！不，只是嚐起來像酸奶！

Not buggy at all, in fact.

其實一點都不bug。

Not that I would know what that would taste like,

我不知道那會是什麼味道。

but I'm really just getting plain Greek yogurt taste.

但我真的只是得到普通希臘酸奶的味道。