When you study this way, you'll be able to understand American movies and TV effortlessly without subtitles.

當你這樣學習的時候，你就可以毫不費力地理解美國電影和電視，而不用字幕。

Today we're going to really slow down some of the speech

今天我們要真正的放慢一些演講的速度。

so you can focus on how one word just slides into the next.

這樣你就可以專注於一個詞是如何滑入下一個詞的。

Now the T in last, this is different. It's actually totally dropped. Last night. Right from the S into the N.

現在最後的T，這個就不一樣了。它實際上完全下降。昨晚。從S到N的權利。

We're going to be doing this all summer, June through August, stick with me every Tuesday,

我們整個夏天都要這樣做，從6月到8月，每週二跟我一起堅持。

they're all great scenes, and there's going to be so much to learn that can transform the way you speak

他們都是很好的場景，會有很多東西可以學習，可以改變你說話的方式。

and understand English. And as always, if you like this video, or you learn something,

並理解英語。和往常一樣，如果你喜歡這個視頻，或者你學到了一些東西。

please like and subscribe with notifications.

請點贊和訂閱通知。

You're going to watch the clip, then we're going to do a full pronunciation analysis together.

你要看片段，那我們就一起做一個完整的發音分析。

This is going to help so much with your listening comprehension

這對你的聽力理解有很大的幫助。

when it comes to watching English movies in TV. But there's going to be a training section.

在電視上看英文電影的時候。但會有一個培訓部分。

You're going to take what you've just learned and practice repeating it, doing a reduction,

你要把剛才學過的知識重複練習，做一個還原。

flapping a T just like you learned in the analysis. Okay, here's the scene.

就像你在分析中所學到的那樣，扇動一個T字。好了，這裡的場景。

Hi, Ally.

嗨，愛麗。

Hi.

嗨，我的天

I'm Phil. We met last night?

我是菲爾我們昨晚上了嗎？

>> Yeah. I remember… >> Jack sent me to pick you up and take you to the gig.

>> 是的，我記得... ... 傑克讓我來接你，帶你去演出。

Oh. My god. Um, but, I gotta-- , I gotta work, I c--, can't go.

哦，我的上帝。我的天啊，但是，我得...嗯，但是，我得... ... 我得工作，我不能去。

He's really looking forward to this.

他真的很期待這個。

I appreciate that. But, um.

我很感激。但是，嗯。

I can't leave. So I'll be in my car right down the street.

我不能離開。所以我就在我的車裡，就在街上。

Uh, please tell him: Thank you, but no thank you.

呃，請告訴他。謝謝你，但不要謝謝你。

>> Uh… >> Okay? Say it just like that.

>> 呃... >> 好嗎？就這樣說吧。

And now the analysis.

現在分析一下。

Hi, Ally.

嗨，愛麗。

Hi.

嗨，我的天

Okay so we start off with three stressed words, and they all have that up-down shape.

好了，我們先從三個強調的詞開始，它們都有那個上下的形狀。

Hi, Ally.

嗨，愛麗。

Hi.

嗨，我的天

Aahhh. Notice it's not flat. Hi. Hi. Hi. Hi. Hi. Hi. Hi. That up-down shape is really important in American English.

Aahhh.注意，這不是平的。嗨，嗨，嗨嗨，嗨，嗨，嗨嗨，嗨，嗨Hi. Hi.在美式英語中，上下的形狀是非常重要的。

It's what we do with stressed syllables. Hi, Ally. Hi. Now, hi, is one syllable. Hi.

這就是我們對強調的音節所做的。嗨，愛麗。嗨，愛麗。現在，嗨，是一個音節。嗨。

Ally is two syllables it's the first syllable that's stressed. Ally.

愛麗是兩個音節，它的第一個音節是強調的。Ally.

It has the exact same shape as Hi, but the second unstressed syllable, just

它的形狀和Hi一模一樣，但第二個不受力的音節，只是。

sort of falls into the line of the voice on the way down.

算是落入了下山途中的聲線。

Ally. Ally.

Ally.愛麗。

Ally.

愛麗。

Ally.

愛麗。

Ally.

愛麗。

Hi, Ally. Hi.

嗨，愛麗。嗨，愛麗。

Hi, Ally.

嗨，愛麗。

Hi, Ally.

嗨，愛麗。

Hi, Ally.

嗨，愛麗。

Hi.

嗨，我的天

I'm Phil.

我是菲爾

I'm Phil. I'm Phil.

我是菲爾我是菲爾

Which one of those has the up-down shape?

哪一個是上下形狀的？

I'm Phil.

我是菲爾

I'm Phil.

我是菲爾

Definitely Phil. The word I'm, we barely even hear it.

肯定是菲爾。我這個詞，我們幾乎連聽都沒聽過。

I am becomes I'm, but when we are speaking in a sentence, we might reduce that to just the M sound,

I am變成了I'm，但是當我們在句子中說話的時候，我們可能會把它簡化成只發M音。

or a schwa M. I'm Phil. I'm Phil.

或者是M的分音符，我是菲爾。我是菲爾

I would say it has more of a schwa M feel, unstressed. Instead of I'm, I'm, mmmm, I'm Phil.

我想說的是，它更有schwa M的感覺，不緊張。而不是我，我，嗯，我是菲爾。

I'm Phil.

我是菲爾

I'm Phil.

我是菲爾

We met last night?

我們昨晚上了嗎？

We met last night? We met-- a little bit of that shape. We met last night.

我們昨晚見過了？我們見過... ... 有點那個形狀。我們昨晚見面了。

And night has stress too, but since it's going up in pitch, the stress is sort of a scoop up,

而夜晚也有壓力，但因為要提高音調，所以壓力也算是一個瓢。

rather than a shape up down. We met last night.

而不是一個形狀上下來。我們昨晚見過面。

And do you notice how... We're gonna play that in slow motion for you. Do you notice how it's so smooth?

你有沒有注意到...我們將為你播放慢動作。你注意到它是如何的平穩？

Everything connects.

所有的東西都是相通的。

We met last night?

我們昨晚上了嗎？

We met last night?

我們昨晚上了嗎？

Uuhhh...

Uuhhh...

I love slowing down speech because that's when we really get to feel the melody and notice how sloppy

我喜歡放慢語速，因為這時我們才能真正感受到旋律，才能注意到它有多粗放

everything is as far as linking together. No definition between words.

一切都是就連在一起。言語之間沒有定義。

The word we is unstressed, it doesn't really sound like we, does it? It's more like wih, wih.

we這個詞是不緊張的，聽起來並不像we，對吧？更像wih，wih。

We met--

我們見過...

So I would actually write that with the IH as in sit vowel, not the EE vowel. We met last--

所以，我實際上會寫，與IH作為坐元音，而不是EE元音。我們最後一次見面...

okay now, how, T's are, a true T sounds like this, ttt, we stop the air, we release it.

好了，現在，如何，T的是，一個真正的T的聲音是這樣的，ttt，我們停止的空氣，我們釋放它。

Every time we do that, it breaks up the line a little bit, because we have to stop the air and release.

每當我們這樣做，就會把線破壞一點，因為我們必須停住空氣，然後釋放。

So if I made the T in met, a true T, and the T in last, a true T, it would sound like this.

所以，如果我把met中的T做成真T，把last中的T做成真T，聽起來就是這樣。

You know what, if I made the T in night a true T. The phrase would sound like this: we met last night.

你知道嗎，如果我把晚上的T變成真正的T。這句話聽起來會是這樣的：我們昨晚見面了。

We met last night. That's not how he's doing it at all. We met last night?

我們昨晚見過面。他根本不是這麼做的。我們昨晚見面了？

We met last night?

我們昨晚上了嗎？

We met last night?

我們昨晚上了嗎？

All of those true Ts change. Met is a stop T.

這些真T都會改變。Met是一個停止T。

We met last-- that means there's a little tiny break, but we don't take the time to do a release. So we stop the air,

我們最後一次見面... ... 這意味著有一個小的休息， 但我們不花時間做一個釋放。所以，我們停止了空氣。

and that stop shows to us that it's a T. We met last--

那一站表明了我們是個T，我們上次見面...

We met last--

我們與充電 -

And so we hear it as a T. Now, the T and last, this is different. It's not a stop T. It's actually totally dropped.

所以我們把它聽成一個T，現在，T和最後一個，這是不同的。這不是一個停止的T，它實際上是完全下降。

We very often drop a T when it comes between two other consonants.

我們經常在兩個輔音之間掉一個T。

So even if it's not in the same word, even if it's linking two words, and the T ends up between two consonants,

所以，即使不在同一個詞裡，即使是連接兩個詞，T最後也是在兩個輔音之間。

we will drop it. So all these words it ends in an ST cluster, last, first, just,

我們會放棄它。所以所有這些詞它的結尾都是ST群，最後一個，第一個，只是。

be aware that when they come before a word that begins the consonant, we will almost always drop that T.

要知道，當它們出現在一個以輔音開頭的單詞前時，我們幾乎都會放棄這個T。

We met last night. Last night. Right from the S into the N. And then we have another stop T here.

我們昨晚見面了昨天晚上。從S區進入北區，然後我們又在這裡停了下來。

So the rule for stop T is we usually make a T a stop T when the next word begins with a consonant like here,

所以停頓T的規則是，我們通常在下一個詞以輔音開頭的時候，就把T做成停頓T，比如這裡。

or at the end of a thought group, like here. So it's not: we met last night.

或在一個思想小組的最後，比如這裡。所以不是：我們昨晚見面了。

No. We just don't do true T's like that. It's: We met last night?

不，我們只是不這樣做真正的T的。這是。我們昨晚見面了？

We met last night?

我們昨晚上了嗎？

And the pitch goes up at the end. Even though it's a statement, he makes the pitch go up and gives it a

而且最後還把投球給投上去了。雖然是陳述，但他讓球場上升，給了它一個

sort of questioning intonation because he's not sure if she remembers that.

某種疑問的語氣，因為他不確定她是否還記得。

And so he's asking it as a question, as if to say do you remember we met last night?

所以他把它當做一個問題來問，好像在說你還記得我們昨晚見過面嗎？

Instead, it's just: we met last night?

反而只是：我們昨晚見過面？

We met last night?

我們昨晚上了嗎？

We met last night?

我們昨晚上了嗎？

Yeah. I remember--

是的，我記得...

The intonation going up shows it's a question asking for confirmation, and she gives her confirmation.

語調上去了，說明這是一個要求確認的問題，她給予確認。

Yeah. I remember.

是的，我記得

Yeah. I remember--

是的，我記得...

Yeah. I remember--

是的，我記得...

Yeah. I remember--

是的，我記得...

Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Lots of pitch change there. Yeah. Yeah. Up-down shape.

是啊，是啊。是啊，是啊。是啊，是啊。很多的球場變化。是啊 - 是啊 - Yeah.Yeah. - Yeah.Up -down shape.

Yeah.

是啊。

I remember--

我記得...

I-- she really draws that out longer than you normally would as she's thinking. I remem--

我... ... 她真的畫出了比你通常會更長的時間 因為她的思考。我記得...

and then we almost don't even hear BER because he's interrupted her and she kind of just drops that syllable.

然後我們幾乎連BER都沒聽到，因為他打斷了她，她就這樣放棄了那個音節。

I remem--

我記得...

>> I remem-- >> Jack sent--

>> 我記得... 傑克發來的...

>> I remem-- >> Jack sent--

>> 我記得... 傑克發來的...

>> I remem-- >> Jack sent--

>> 我記得... 傑克發來的...

If she does say this syllable, it's very very, quiet. I don't really hear it.

如果她真的說了這個音節，就會非常非常安靜。我真的沒有聽到。

>> I remem-- >> Jack sent--

>> 我記得... 傑克發來的...

>> I remem-- >> Jack sent--

>> 我記得... 傑克發來的...

>> I remem-- >> Jack sent-

>> 我記得... ... 傑克發來的...

But we do have that up-down shape of stress with the EH vowel on the stressed syllable there.

但我們確實有那種上下重音的形狀，EH元音在那裡的重音節上。

I remem-- I remem-- I remem-- I remember.

我記得--我記得--我記得--我記得。

>> I remem-- >> Jack sent--

>> 我記得... 傑克發來的...

>> I remem-- >> Jack sent--

>> 我記得... 傑克發來的...

>> I remem-- >> Jack sent me to pick you up and take you to the gig.

>> 我記得... ... 傑克派我來接你，帶你去演出。

Now let's listen to his phrase and see what we think these peaks of stress are.

現在我們來聽聽他的這句話，看看我們認為這些壓力的峰值是什麼。

Uuuhhh what has that shape? What feels like the most stressed syllables here?

Uuuhhh什麼有這個形狀？感覺這裡最強調的音節是什麼？

Jack sent me to pick you up--

傑克讓我來接你...

Jack sent me to pick you up--

傑克讓我來接你...

Jack sent me to pick you up--

傑克讓我來接你...

Jack sent me-- A little bit of shape on that one. Jack sent me, Jack sent me to pick you up.

傑克派我來... ... 那個有點形狀。傑克派我來的，傑克派我來接你。

I would say out of those three stressed syllables, up has that most up-down shape, is the most stressed.

我想說，在這三個強調的音節中，up有那個最上下的形狀，是最強調的。

Jack sent me to pick you up--

傑克讓我來接你...

Jack sent me to pick you up--

傑克讓我來接你...

Jack sent me to pick you up and take you to the gig.

傑克派我來接你，帶你去演出。

And take you-- a little bit of stress there, to the gig.

帶你... ... 有點壓力，去演出。

And more stress there.

而且那裡的壓力更大。

And take you to the gig.

並帶你去演出。

And take you to the gig.

並帶你去演出。

And take you to the gig.

並帶你去演出。

A gig is a performance.

一場演出就是一場表演。

Hey, can you come out tonight?

嘿，你今晚能出來嗎？

No, sorry. I've got a gig.

不，對不起。我有一個演出。

I'm playing at a bar down the street. We're doing a jazz set.

我在街邊的一家酒吧演奏。我們正在做一個爵士樂集。

For example, you may have heard the phrase gig economy in the news, talking about economics.

比如，你可能在新聞中聽到過gig economy這個詞，說的是經濟。

This has to do with a shift from being an employee to being a contractor, and working on a gig by gig basis.

這與從員工到承包商的轉變有關，而且是按勞取酬。

For example, someone who drives a car for a Lyft or Uber,

例如，為Lyft或Uber開車的人。

that would be considered somebody in the gig economy.

這將被認為是有人 在演出經濟。

They're not employees there. They choose what rides they want to pick up when.

他們不是那裡的員工。他們選擇什麼時候去拿什麼車。

Gigs are used a lot with musicians as well.

Gigs在音樂人那裡也用得很多。

I've even heard it used as a verb.

我甚至聽說它被用作動詞。

Are you gigging tonight?

你今晚有演出嗎？

And take you to the gig.

並帶你去演出。

And take you to the gig.

並帶你去演出。

And take you to the gig.

並帶你去演出。

So those are our most stressed words here.

所以這幾個字是我們這裡強調最多的。

Let's go ahead and look at the reductions because we do have some reductions.

讓我們繼續看一下減幅，因為我們確實有一些減幅。

Jack sent me to pick you up--

傑克讓我來接你...

Jack sent me to pick you up--

傑克讓我來接你...

Jack sent me--

傑克讓我...

I'm going to call that a stop T.

我要叫停T。

Sometimes, in NT, we drop the T.

有時，在新臺幣中，我們把T丟掉。

Jack sen me, Jack sen me, but I hear it more as: Jack sent me, sent me, Jack sent me.

傑克送我，傑克送我，但我聽到的更多的是：傑克派我來，派我來，傑克派我來。

I'm exaggerating the stop there, but I definitely hear that as a stop T. Jack sent me to-- The word 'to' reduces.

我誇大了那裡的停頓，但我絕對聽出那是T.Jack讓我來的停頓--"來 "字減少。

It's got more of a flap T sound and a schwa. Sent me to-- rararararara-- Jack sent me to-- Jack sent me to--

它得到了更多的翻轉T的聲音和一個schwa。派我去... ... rararararara... ... 傑克派我去...

Jack sent me to--

傑克讓我去...

Pick you up. Pick you up. Stressed, unstressed, stressed. And the word 'you' isn't pronounced you,

接你。接你起來。緊張的，不緊張的，緊張的。而且 "你 "這個字不發音。

he changes that vowel to the schwa. Pick yuh up--

他把那個元音改成了分音符。撿起你 --

And the schwa just links very smoothly into the UH as in butter vowel for up.

而schwa只是非常順利地連接到UH中，如黃油元音的up。

Pick you up.

接你。

Pick you up. Pick you up. Jack sent me to pick you up--

接你。來接你傑克派我來接你...

Sent me to pick you up-- His lips come together for the P, you can look at that.

派我來接你--------他的嘴脣湊在一起做P，你可以看看。

But he doesn't release them. Pick you up-- pick you up--

但他不釋放他們。接你... 接你...

Pick you up--

接你...

and take you to the gig.

並帶你去演出。

They come together but then rather than releasing the air, he goes right into the next word which is and,

他們走到了一起，但隨後他沒有釋放空氣，而是直接進入下一個詞，那就是和。

and he does reduce that, nnnnn, I would write that schwa N.

而且他確實減少了，nnnn，我會寫那個schwa N。

N absorbs the schwa, so it's not un un un, it's just nnnn, and take you--

N吸收了分音符，所以不是un un un，只是nnnn，帶你... ...

And take you to the--

然後帶你去...

And take you to the--

然後帶你去...

You and to, they both reduce, don't they? These three words are unstressed.

你和到，他們都減少了，對不對？這三個字是沒有壓力的。

You to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the-- They're flatter in pitch, they're a little bit less clear,

你到... 你到... 你到... 你到... 他們的音調更平，他們的清晰度更低一些。

so you becomes: yi yi. I don't have to move my jaw at all for that. I don't have to move my lips at all for that.

所以你就變成了：依依。我根本不用動下巴。我根本不用動嘴脣就可以了。

Yih, yih, yih. My tongue is the only thing that moves.

呀，呀，呀。我的舌頭是唯一能動的東西。

You to-- And even as I go into the word 'to' reduced, I don't have to move anything but my tongue.

你要--------即使我進入 "要 "字減少，我也不用動什麼，只需動動舌頭。

And take you to the--

然後帶你去...

You to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the--

你到... 你到... 你到... 你到... 你到... 你到...

I can do all of that, linking smoothly into the unstressed word the, I can do all of that without moving my jaw

我可以做到這一切，順利地連接到無壓力的單詞the，我可以做到這一切，而不移動我的下巴。

or lips. You to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the-- you to the-- It's all just the tongue.

或嘴脣。你到... 你到... 你到... 你到... 你到... 你到...

So you wouldn't be simplifying your mouth movements as much as possible, so that you can make this string of

所以你不會盡可能的簡化你的嘴部動作，這樣你就可以做出這一連串的。

unstressed words with the reductions as simply as possible, as quick as possible,

不緊張的詞與還原儘可能簡單，儘可能快。

because that's an important part of the contrast of American English.

因為這是美式英語對比的一個重要部分。

You to the gig. You to the gig. You to the gig.

你的演出。你的演出。你的演出。

Gig is the word that has the energy.

吉格是有能量的詞。

You to the gig.

你的演出。

The T in take is a true T.

取的T是一個真正的T。

And it's a true T because it starts a stressed word.

而這是一個真正的T，因為它的開頭是一個強調的詞。

If a T starts a stressed syllable, and it's not part of a TR cluster, it will be a true T.

如果一個T開頭的音節是重音，而它又不是TR音簇的一部分，它將是一個真正的T。

If it's part of a TR cluster it might end up sounding like CH, but here, it's not, so it's just: take, take, take.

如果是TR群的一部分，最後可能會聽起來像CH，但這裡不是，所以就只能：拿、拿、拿。

A light true T.

淡淡的真T。

Take you to the gig.

帶你去看演出

Take you to the gig.

帶你去看演出

Take you to the gig.

帶你去看演出

Now, I hope you guys are noticing really how smoothly everything links together.

現在，我希望你們注意到真的是所有的東西都能順利地聯繫在一起。

And we have reductions that help us do that. We have this continuous sound.

而我們有減震器，幫助我們做到這一點。我們有這個連續的聲音。

Sometimes it's scooping up, sometimes it's falling down, that's the melody,

有時是舀起，有時是落下，這就是旋律。

but it never feels separate within one thought group, it always feels connected.

但在一個思想群體中，它從不覺得是獨立的，總是覺得是相通的。

So if you're used to speaking with words more separate, this could be a challenge for you.