I'm Rob and joining me today is Catherine – hello Catherine!

我是Rob，今天加入我的是Catherine--你好Catherine!

Hello Rob and hello everybody. Yes we've

你好，羅布，大家好。是的，我們已經

got a great story today about a female politician who's making

今天得到了一個偉大的故事，關於一個女政治家誰是使。

history in the United States.

在美國的歷史。

Great and if you want to test yourself

很好，如果你想測試一下自己

on the vocabulary that we're going to be talking about today

在我們今天要講的詞彙上。

there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com

在我們的網站上有一個測驗，在bbclearningenglish.com

but before you go there let's have a listen to today's news story with this

但在你去那裡之前，讓我們來聽聽今天的新聞故事與此

BBC News report:

BBC新聞報道。

Yes, so Kamala Harris is making history in the United States.

是的，所以卡馬拉-哈里斯正在美國創造歷史。

She is the first Black, Asian woman to accept a nomination

她是第一位接受提名的黑人、亞裔女性。

to run as vice president in the American elections.

以參加美國大選的副總統。

Yes. And we've got

是的，而且我們已經得到了我們已經得到了

three words to talk about today to help you talk about this story.

今天談三個字，幫你談談這個故事。

What are they Catherine?

他們是什麼人，凱瑟琳？

They are: 'nod', 'mongering' and 'blasts'.

它們是："點頭"、"蒙人 "和 "爆炸"。"點頭"、"製造 "和 "爆炸"。

So, that's 'nod', 'mongering' and 'blasts'.

所以，這就是'點頭'、'蒙人'和'爆炸'。

OK. Well, let's start with your first headline please.

好吧，那我們就從你的第一個標題開始吧好吧，讓我們從你的第一個標題開始吧。

Of course, and we're starting with the

當然，我們先從以下幾個方面入手

International Writers' website – the headline:

國際作家網站--頭條。

OK. So, that's 'nod' – official act to suggest that someone should be given a prize or position.

好吧，那就是 "點頭"。所以，這就是 "點頭"--正式的行為，暗示某人應該得到獎勵或職位。

That's right. It's a three-letter word: 'nod' – N-O-D.

對了，是個三個字母的詞："點頭"--N-O-D。這是一個三個字母的詞："點頭"--N-O-D。

It's a noun and it describes a movement.

這是一個名詞，它描述的是一種運動。

Rob, do you like biscuits?

羅布，你喜歡餅乾嗎？

I do. You're nodding your head, aren't you?

我是這麼想的 你在點頭，是嗎？

Moving up... I am – up and down – yes to mean 'yes'.

往上走... 我是--上上下下--是的意思是'是'。

Yes, OK. And Rob, can I have your biscuits please?

好的，好的和羅布，我可以有你的餅乾嗎？

Er no! Shaking your head – this movement –

不！ 搖頭，這個動作

in a lot of cultures means 'no'. So, left to right is 'no'.

在很多文化中都是'不'的意思。所以，從左到右就是'不'。

Up and down means 'yes'. And that's the idea

上下是指 "是"。這就是我的想法

of 'nod', when we use it in this sense. It's not a head movement, but it is an

的'點頭'，當我們在這個意義上使用它。這不是一個頭的動作，但它是一個。

agreement. It is saying yes: in this case saying yes

協議。它是說是：在這種情況下，說是

to somebody doing something of importance,

對某人做了重要的事情。

or somebody getting a position of importance:

或某人獲得重要地位。

maybe a recognition, maybe a promotion. It's when somebody gets

也許是一種認可，也許是一種提升。這是當有人得到

something good that is given to them.

好東西，是給他們的。

OK. So, it's not just a physical nod –

好的。所以，這不僅僅是身體上的點頭 --

it's not just somebody going: 'Yes, you've done well.'

這不僅僅是有人說："是的，你做得很好。

No, no it's not. In fact, you can give somebody a nod by talking

不，不是這樣的。事實上，你可以給別人點頭，通過說話

to them, by giving them a phone call, by an email,

給他們打電話、發郵件。

maybe by an announcement in a newspaper or somewhere else.

也許是在報紙或其他地方發佈公告。

So, you 'give somebody the nod' that they are

所以，你 "給某人點頭"，他們是。

able to do something, or they've received a recognition,

能夠做一些事情，或者他們已經得到了認可。

or they've won a prize, or in this case they've been recognised as

或者他們已經贏得了一個獎項，或者在這種情況下，他們已經被認可為。

worthy of being the candidate.

配得上成為候選人。

Right. Now, I went for a promotion in the

是啊現在，我去了升職，在

department last week to be head of biscuits and...

上週成為了餅乾部的負責人，並...

Really?? Yes, and the good news is

真的嗎？ 是的，好消息是

that the boss gave me the nod.

老闆給我點頭。

You got the nod? Fantastic! I got the nod.

你得到了點頭？太棒了！我得到了點頭。

You got the nod. ...I got the job.

你得到了點頭。...我得到了這份工作。

Fantastic – ooh, by phone call? So, you got the nod by a phone call?

太棒了--哦，通過電話？所以，你通過電話得到了點頭？

By phone call, yeah. I've got a job which means... And now – brilliant.

通過電話，是的。我有一份工作，這意味著... ...而現在 - 輝煌。

...good quality biscuits all round in the office now.

...現在辦公室裡的餅乾品質都不錯。

Can't wait.

等不及了

OK. Well, should we have a summary of the word 'nod'?

好吧，那我們是不是應該對 "點頭 "二字有個總結？那麼，我們是不是應該對 "點頭 "這個詞做一個總結？

So, we've been talking about people giving us the nod but you can also

所以，我們一直在談論人們給我們點贊，但你也可以。

'give us a bell'. That's another expression, isn't it Catherine?

"給我們一個鈴鐺"。這是另一種表達方式，不是嗎，凱瑟琳？

It is and to find out what it means and how to use it

它是，並找出它的含義和如何使用它。

just click the link.

只要點擊鏈接。

OK. Time now to look at our next headline.

好了，現在該看下一個標題了現在是時候看下一個標題了。

And next up we've got the Guardian here

接下來是《衛報》的報道。

in the UK – the headline:

在英國--頭條。

OK. So, that's 'mongering' – encouraging an activity that is damaging or hurtful.

好的。所以，這就是 "販子"--鼓勵一種有損害或傷害性的活動。

Yes. So, the spelling is: M-O-N-G-E-R-I-N-G – the pronunciation is 'mongering'

是的，所以，拼寫是："M-O-N-G-E-R-I-N-GM-O-N-G-E-R-I-N-G -- 發音是 "mongering"。

and we always use this word

我們總是用這個詞

with a noun in front of it and a hyphen. So, in this case 'fear-mongering'.

前面有一個名詞和一個連字元。所以，在這種情況下，'恐懼製造'。

Now Rob, do you like fish?

現在，羅布，你喜歡魚嗎？

Yes, I love fish.

是的，我喜歡魚。

Where do you buy your fish?

你在哪裡買的魚？

I go to a fishmongers: an expert in fish –

我去魚販子：魚的專家--。

somebody who really knows their fish. ...and sells it.

一個真正瞭解自己的魚的人...

OK. Do you like tools?

好吧，你喜歡工具嗎？你喜歡工具嗎？

Hand tools: hammers and nails and things.

手工工具：錘子和釘子什麼的。

I do. I have plenty in my shed.

我做的。我有很多在我的小屋裡。

Where do you buy them?

你在哪裡買的？

I buy them at an ironmongers.

我在鐵匠那裡買的。

An ironmongers – somebody who works with and sells metal

鍊鐵工人 - 從事金屬加工和銷售的人

objects made of iron. Less common these days,

鐵製的物體。現在不太常見。

but a fishmonger and an ironmonger are people who sell

但魚販子和鐵匠都是賣魚的人。

fish and iron. Now, we're not talking about

魚和鐵。現在，我們不是在談論

real things that you can hold – like fish and iron – here,

真正的東西，你可以持有 - 像魚和鐵 - 這裡。

but what we are talking about is somebody who

但我們正在談論的是某人誰

spreads and perpetuates feelings like fear, like worry,

傳播和延續恐懼、擔憂等感覺。

like doom. It's things – so, if you're a 'fear-mongerer'

像厄運。是事情--所以，如果你是一個 "恐懼製造者

you make people afraid: you say things to make them

你讓人害怕：你說的話讓他們。

more fearful than they need to be. You concentrate on the negative.

比他們需要的更恐懼。你專注於負面的東西。

You spread – you can be a worry-mongerer

你傳播--你可以是一個煩惱的人。

and you make people worry by saying worrying things to them.

而你卻通過對人們說一些令人擔憂的話來讓他們擔心。

You can also have... You're not selling worry – you're not selling fear.

你也可以有...你不是在賣擔心--你不是在賣恐懼。

You're not selling it in the sense of money,

你不是在賣錢的意義上。

but you are selling it in the way that more

但你的銷售方式，更。

and more – you want more and more people to have it.

以及更多--你希望越來越多的人擁有它。

It's just some people do it. Some people look on the bad side of things.

只是有些人這樣做。有些人看事情的壞處。

Some people also – if you're fear-mongering – often they think it's the

有些人還--如果你是恐懼主義者--往往他們認為是的

right thing to do. If you're making people worried about

正確的做法。如果你讓人們擔心

something, it's often because you think it's a very worrying thing, but

的東西，往往是因為你覺得這是一件很讓人擔心的事情，但。

other people might see it differently and say:

別人可能會有不同的看法，說。

'Actually, there isn't anything to worry about. You're just a worry-mongerer.'

'其實，沒有什麼好擔心的。你只是一個杞人憂天的人'。

And there was some rumour-mongering going on

而且有一些謠言的發生

during the coronavirus pandemic, I found.

在冠狀病毒大流行期間，我發現。

Quite a lot. Yeah, particularly about toilet rolls,

蠻多的。 是啊，尤其是關於廁紙的事。

I noticed. There were rumours going on that

我注意到。有傳言說

the supermarkets were going to sell out

超市都快賣光了

of toilet rolls, so I got down to the supermarket – I joined a long queue.

的衛生捲紙，所以我下到超市--我加入了長長的隊伍。

When I got in I found that there were loads of toilet rolls for sale, so it was

當我進去的時候，我發現那裡有很多的衛生捲紙出售，所以它是。

just rumour-mongering that got everybody in a bit of a panic, I suppose.

只是造謠，得到了每個人 在一個有點恐慌，我想。

Well, yes, around your way, yes. If everyone was saying there's no toilet rolls and

嗯，是的，在你那邊，是的。如果每個人都說沒有衛生捲紙和...

then there was, somebody was rumour-mongering, yes.

然後有，有人在造謠，是的。

OK. Well, should we have a summary of that word, now?

好了，我們現在應該對這個詞做個總結嗎？那麼，我們應該有一個總結 這個詞，現在？

Let's do that.

就這麼辦吧

Well, if you like all this talk about US elections and politics, we talked about

好吧，如果你喜歡這些關於美國選舉和政治的談話，我們談到了。

another story a few weeks ago with Kanye West, who wanted to be

另一個故事幾周前與坎耶-韋斯特，誰想成為。

president of the US. How do we find that story, Catherine?

美國總統我們怎麼找到那個故事，凱瑟琳？

As always, to find out more just click on the link

一如既往，要了解更多資訊，請點擊以下鏈接

and you'll go straight there. Down below.

你會直接去那裡。 在下面

OK. Let's have your next headline, please.

好的讓我們來看看你的下一個標題，請。

And next we're going to BBC News, here in

而接下來我們要去BBC新聞，在這裡，在

the UK – the headline:

英國--頭條。

'Blasts' – severely criticises.

'抨擊'--嚴厲批評。

Yes. Now the spelling here is B-L-A-S-T-S – the pronunciation:

是的，現在這裡的拼寫是B-L-A-S-T-S現在這裡的拼寫是B-L-A-S-T-S--發音。

I say 'blasts' but Rob you say... 'Blasts'.

我說 "爆炸"，但羅布你說... "爆炸"。

'Blasts' – so I say it with 'a' sound and you say it with an...

"爆炸"--所以我說的是 "a "音，而你說的是...

'Ah' sound. So, which one is correct?

'啊'音。那麼，哪一個是正確的呢？

Which is correct? They're both correct Rob.

哪個是正確的？他們都是正確的，羅布。

My 'a' is the British Northern 'a' sound and your 'ah' is...

我的 "a "是英國北方的 "a "音，你的 "啊 "是... ...

A British Southern accent: 'blasts'. Yes.

英國南方口音："爆炸"。是的，我知道

And both of them are fine. You can say

而且他們兩個都很好。你可以說

'blasts', you can say 'blasts' – it's the same word. People will

'blasts'，你可以說'blasts'--這是同一個詞。人們會

understand you, so choose the one you like.

瞭解你，所以選擇你喜歡的。

So... I know – I know about this word 'blasts'.

所以，我知道--我知道 "爆炸 "這個詞。

It's to do with cannons and rockets blasting off into space, isn't it?

是跟大炮和火箭發射到太空有關吧？

That's right, yes. A blast is a big explosion.

沒錯，是的。爆炸就是大爆炸。

So, you can talk about a blast from a gun

所以，你可以說是槍打出頭鳥。

or rockets going into space is a blast-off.

或火箭進入太空是爆破。

So, it's a word of power and

所以，這是一個權力的詞，也是一個。

force, but we're using it here not to talk about

力，但我們在這裡使用它不是為了談論。

real explosions: we're using it here to talk about anger.

真爆：我們在這裡用它來談論憤怒。

Angry outbursts: when you shout at someone, you get very cross with

怒髮衝冠：當你對著別人大喊大叫時，你會對別人很不爽

them, you have a lot of criticism, you're very vocal,

他們，你有很多責備，你很有發言權。

you're quite – almost quite scary. You really tell someone

你是相當 - 幾乎相當可怕。你真的告訴別人

that you're not happy with them: you're blasting them.

你對他們不滿意：你在抨擊他們。

So you're very angry.

所以你很生氣。

Yes. When did you last blast someone, Rob?

是的，我知道你最後一次炸死人是什麼時候，羅布？

Well, when I went to the pub the other

好吧，當我去酒吧的其他

night the landlord pulled me a pint out, but he didn't

那天晚上，房東拉我出去喝了一品脫，但他沒有

fill the glass to the top. There was a bit missing – I didn't get my full pint.

把杯子裝滿。有一點缺失 - 我沒有得到我的完整品脫。

Ooh. And you went really crazy, did you?

哦，你真的瘋了，是嗎？你真的瘋了，是嗎？

Yeah. I had to blast the landlord there and tell him this isn't fair.

是啊，我得把那裡的房東轟走，告訴他這不公平。

So, are you allowed back into the pub now after blasting the landlord?

那麼，你現在被允許回到酒吧了嗎？ 炮轟了房東之後？

Unfortunately not. I think I'm gonna have to try somewhere else for my pint of beer.

不幸的是，沒有。我想我得去別的地方試試我的一品脫啤酒。

You're gonna have to say sorry

你得說對不起

because 'blasting' is not something you do to someone in an everyday situation.

因為'爆破'不是你在日常情況下對別人做的事情。

If you do, you really have to apologise if you wanted to stay friends with them.

如果你這樣做了，如果你想和他們保持朋友關係，你真的要道歉。

It's a very strong word. That's why newspapers

這是一個非常強烈的詞。這就是為什麼報紙

like it. And it's the idea of really strong criticism, so if you blast someone

喜歡它。而且是真正的強勢責備的想法，所以如果你抨擊某人

in real life they probably won't speak to you again.

在現實生活中，他們可能不會再和你說話。

...or you'll have some apologising to do.

...否則你就得道歉了。

Choose your moment.

選擇你的時刻。

Yes.

是的，我知道

OK – good. Well, let's have a summary of 'blasts'.

好--很好。好了，我們來總結一下 "爆炸"。

OK. Catherine, it's time now for you to recap the vocabulary

好的凱瑟琳，現在是時候讓你複習一下詞彙了。

that we've talked about today, please.

我們今天談到的，請。

Yes. We had 'nod' – official act to suggest that someone should be given a prize or position.

是的，我們有 "點頭我們有'點頭'--正式的行為，暗示某人應該得到獎勵或職位。

We had 'mongering' – encouraging an activity that is damaging or hurtful.

And 'blasts' – severely criticises.

並'抨擊'--嚴厲批評。

If you want to test yourself

如果你想測試自己

on the vocabulary that we've been talking about today, we have a quiz

關於我們今天所講的詞彙，我們有一個測驗。

on our website at bbclearningenglish.com

在我們的網站上，bbclearningenglish.com。

and don't forget we've got lots of Learning English materials all over social media.

別忘了我們在社交媒體上有很多學習英語的資料。

Well, thanks for joining us today. Bye-bye. Bye Catherine.

好了，謝謝你今天加入我們。拜拜再見，凱瑟琳。

Bye!

再見！