we're just gonna be talkin' about rainbows

我們只是要去說話' 關於彩虹。

and, basically, what I'm gonna do is...

而且，基本上，我要做的是... ...

Let me just show you.

讓我給你看看。

Whoo.

嗚。

Rainbows, it's rainbows.

彩虹，是彩虹。

(smooth music)

(平穩音樂)

Because who doesn't like rainbows?

因為誰不喜歡彩虹呢？

Rainbows are commonly known as the symbol

彩虹俗稱象徵

of hope, peace, pride, the LGBTQ flag.

希望、和平、驕傲、LGBTQ的旗幟。

It's the symbol that God's

這是上帝的象徵

never gonna flood the earth again.

永遠不會再淹沒地球。

And there may be a pot of gold at the end of it.

而且最後可能會有一罐金子。

So my entire goal for this video is to fill this whole room

所以我的整個視頻目標就是把整個房間填滿。

up with rainbows, minus the gold coin.

了彩虹，減去金幣。

I mean, that could be cool.

我的意思是，這可能是很酷。

And we're gonna try to do three pretty simple experiments

我們要嘗試做三個非常簡單的實驗。

to try to accomplish this.

來嘗試實現這一目標。

But before we jump into our experiments,

但在我們進入實驗之前。

I do want to understand

我確實想了解

and try to learn how rainbows are made.

並嘗試學習彩虹的製作方法。

(keys tapping)

(按鍵敲擊)

How are rainbows made?

彩虹是如何製作的？

So I want to share with you the things that I've learned

所以我想和大家分享一下我所學到的東西。

and please correct me if I'm ever wrong.

如果我說錯了，請糾正我。

And I'll try my best to keep it simple.

我也會盡量保持簡單。

When I'm talkin' about rainbows,

當我說到彩虹的時候。

I'm talkin' about the whole range of colors

我說的是所有的顏色。

visible to the human eye.

人眼可見。

And this rainbow is what we see after that rain,

而這道彩虹就是我們在雨後看到的。

like what we see in the sky.

就像我們在天空中看到的一樣。

Wow (muffled speaking).

哇（悶聲說話）。

Now sunlight, we perceive as white,

現在的陽光，我們認為是白色的。

but it's actually the whole spectrum of colors combined.

但它實際上是整個光譜的顏色組合。

Knowing this, how can we take all the colors

知道了這個，我們怎麼能把所有的顏色

from the light and then spread 'em out, make a rainbow?

從光亮的地方，然後把它們散開，形成一道彩虹？

How does the rain do it?

雨是怎麼做到的？

Well, whenever light passes through a material

每當光通過材料時

such as glass or water, like rain, refraction can occur,

如玻璃或水，如雨，會發生折射。

meaning it changes direction and speed.

意味著它改變了方向和速度。

And that actually spreads the wavelength of light.

而這實際上是傳播了光的波長。

When you spread the wavelength of light,

當你傳播光的波長時。

you see all the visible colors,

你可以看到所有可見的顏色。

like the spectrum, which is rainbow.

像光譜，就是彩虹。

(light music)

（輕音樂）

I hope that all makes sense

我希望這一切都有意義

and I just want to jump into our first experiment

我只是想跳進我們的第一個實驗。

'cause we're running out of light.

因為我們的光都用完了。

(tinkly crescendo)

（叮叮噹噹的漸強）

So our first test, or experiment,

所以我們的第一個測試，或者說實驗。

is gonna be with a prism.

是要用稜鏡。

(rhythmic techno music)

(節奏技術音樂)

Let me show you my setup.

讓我給你看看我的設置。

So I have, I'm just reflecting light off of this glass

所以我有，我只是把光從玻璃上反射出來而已

so that it can go through this prism,

以便它能通過這個稜鏡。

bounce off over here,

在這裡彈開。

it's hard to see on the phone,

在手機上很難看到。

but it makes two rainbows right there.

但它使兩條彩虹就在那裡。

Our prism's right there, hanging,

我們的稜鏡就在那裡，掛著。

and it's actually sending rainbow all the way down here.

它實際上是發送彩虹 所有的方式在這裡。

And just for funsies, for later,

只是為了好玩，為了以後。

here's a little snippet of what we're gonna be doin'.

這裡有一個小片段 我們要做的事情。

Oh, wow!

哦，哇！

Woo! Oh, yeah.

嗚！哦，是的。

Here's another variant of the prism.

這是另一個稜鏡的變體。

It's this thing.

是這個東西。

And I believe these crystals work

我相信這些水晶的作用

just kinda like a prism

稜鏡似的

but it just makes a lot more rainbows, tinier ones.

但它只是讓更多的彩虹，更微小的。

Little fun fact, back in the day they thought prisms

有趣的是，在過去，他們認為稜鏡。

would color light, kinda like a stained glass.

會著色的光，有點像彩色玻璃。

Isaac Newton actually proved this wrong.

艾薩克-牛頓實際上證明了這一點是錯誤的。

So the experiment that he did,

所以他做的實驗。

let me see if I can recreate it.

讓我看看能否重現。

I'm gonna go close up real quick.

我要去近距離的真正快速。

Here's a little quick experiment to show you

這裡有一個快速的小實驗給大家看。

that this is not staining the light.

這不是染指光。

You just let one single color to go through this slit.

你只要讓一種單一的顏色通過這個縫隙。

And the idea is if you get another prism

而這個想法是，如果你得到另一個稜鏡，

and you put it on that color,

你把它放在那個顏色上。

if it colors the light,

如果它對光的顏色。

it should be a rainbow, right, but no.

它應該是一個彩虹，正確的，但沒有。

Let's try a different color, let's try blue.

讓我們嘗試不同的顏色，讓我們嘗試藍色。

Blue green, that's kinda cool.

藍綠色，還真有點酷。

This shows that the prism is not coloring the light.

這說明稜鏡沒有給光著色。

But we're gonna keep moving on and

但我們要繼續前進，

let's go to our next experiment.

讓我們去我們的下一個實驗。

This looks cool.

這看起來很酷。

(tinkly crescendo)

（叮叮噹噹的漸強）

Our next experiment involves CDs, just need a CD.

我們下一個實驗涉及到CD，只是需要一張CD。

You can already see the rainbows in it.

你已經可以看到其中的彩虹了。

And hope I'm seeing some rainbow on the ceiling,

並希望我看到天花板上的彩虹。

but you probably can't see that.

但你可能看不到這一點。

Where's my rainbow?

我的彩虹在哪裡？

I'm seeing a little bit of rainbow,

我看到了一點點的彩虹。

I don't know if...

我不知道如果...

Oh wait, can you see that on camera right there?

哦，等一下，你能看到那個鏡頭嗎？

Sort of similar to the prism,

有點類似於稜鏡。

the CD spreads the colors of the light.

CD傳播光的顏色。

And it's because of what's called grating diffraction.

而這是因為所謂的光柵衍射。

Sort of simple terms, the CD has

簡單來說，CD有

these super micro gratings that are evenly spaced out

這些均勻分佈的超級微格柵。

and when the sun hits it and bounces around,

而當太陽照射到它身上，並在它身上跳動的時候。

it's able to spread these colors.

它能夠傳播這些顏色。

So if you bend it a little bit,

所以，如果你把它彎曲一下。

kind of combines all the color

渾然一體

and makes it more vivid.

並使其更加生動。

Wonder if I can, like, break this into little pieces

不知道我是否可以，喜歡，打破這個成小塊。

and actually make a disco ball with it?

然後用它做一個迪斯科球？

(CD pops) Oh!

(CD pops) Oh!

(tinkly music)

（叮叮噹噹的音樂）

(Mark laughing)

（馬克笑）

Won't break.

不會壞的。

(hammer smacking) That's all I did to it.

（錘子敲擊） 這就是我對它所做的一切。

(wrench smashes)

（扳手粉碎）

(sighs) Let's move on.

（嘆氣）讓我們繼續前進。

For our next fact, I want to quickly

對於我們下一個事實，我想快速

talk about the colors of the rainbow, or ROYGBIV.

談論彩虹的顏色，或ROYGBIV。

Why ROYGBIV?

為什麼選擇ROYGBIV？

And if you've never heard of it,

如果你從來沒有聽說過它。

it's red, orange, yellow,

它的紅色，橙色，黃色。

green, blue, indigo, violet?

綠、藍、靛、紫？

I hope I got that right.

我希望我說的沒錯。

Whenever you see a rainbow, you'll notice

每當你看到彩虹的時候，你會發現

it's in this order of ROYGBIV, and why is that?

它的順序是這樣的ROYGBIV，這是為什麼呢？

Basically it all comes down to wavelengths.

基本上，這一切都歸結于波長。

And all the colors that you're seeing

而你所看到的所有顏色

are the different wavelengths of that light,

是該光的不同波長。

from red having longer wavelengths,

從具有較長波長的紅色。

meaning it has lower energy,

意味著它的能量較低。

towards violet has higher energy, or shorter wavelengths.

朝紫的能量較高，或波長較短。

And beyond that is something that our eyes can't see.

而除此之外，還有一些我們眼睛看不到的東西。

(light rhythmic music)

(輕音樂)

Makes me think about if you're colorblind,

讓我想到如果你是色盲。

how do you see rainbows?

你是怎麼看到彩虹的？

Or if you are an animal that can see

或者，如果你是一個動物，可以看到

a different range of spectrum, what's that world like?

不同的光譜範圍，那個世界是什麼樣的？

I digress, I just think light is so fascinating

我跑題了，我只是覺得光是如此迷人。

that something so simple that we see everyday

尋常百姓家

can get so complex.

可以變得如此複雜。

Well, let's move on.

好吧，讓我們繼續前進。

(tinkly crescendo)

（叮叮噹噹的漸強）

So the sun has moved forward even more

所以，太陽更往前走了

and this works perfect for our third experiment,

這對我們的第三個實驗來說是完美的。

which is my favorite.

這是我的最愛。

We just need water.

我們只需要水。

(water splashing) Ah, no oh. (stammering)

（水花）啊，不哦。（結巴）

So fill it up with water

那就把它裝滿水吧

and the only other thing that we need is a mirror.

而我們唯一需要的是一面鏡子。

The light bounces off the mirror

光線從鏡子上反射過來

and the water actually refracts it,

而水實際上是折射了它。

so the water is the one that's slowing down the light

所以，水是一個慢下來的光

and spreads it out so we can have a rainbow.

並把它鋪開，這樣我們就可以有一道彩虹。

There is actually a specific angle that works.

其實有一個特定的角度是有效的。

Ooh, oh oh oh, wait wait wait.

哦，哦，哦，哦，等等等等。

It's working.

它的工作。

Oh, there it is.

哦，它在那裡。

Let me show you what's going on.

讓我來告訴你發生了什麼。

Water, glass, you can actually see a little bit of rainbow

水，玻璃，你居然可以看到一點點的彩虹

right there, reflecting all the way over there.

就在那裡，一直反映到那邊。

It looks, it looks dope.

它看起來，它看起來塗料。

I'm gonna touch this, sphew.

我要去碰這個，呼。

And then, boom.

然後，轟。

It just comes to life

它只是來生活

and they're just mesmerizing how they're moving.

他們只是令人著迷 他們如何移動。

The gradation is so smooth.

漸變是如此的流暢。

I love it, I love it.

我愛它，我愛它。

(peaceful music)

（和平音樂）

(full chord)

(全和絃)

With all this rainbow science,

有了這些彩虹科學。

what can we actually do with it,

我們到底能用它做什麼。

besides appreciating its beauty?

除了欣賞它的美？

Well, we could actually use this to study the universe,

其實我們可以用這個來研究宇宙。

which is amazing to me.

這對我來說是驚人的。

And it's achieved with something

而它的實現與東西

called (stammering) spectroscopy.

稱為（結巴）光譜。

It's where scientists use a device called spectroscope

科學家們用一種叫光譜儀的設備來進行研究

and this device can capture light from space

而這個設備可以捕捉到來自太空的光線

and actually use the same idea

殊途同歸

that we've been doing with our experiments,

我們一直在做我們的實驗。

splitting our light and spreading the spectrum.

分散我們的光線，傳播光譜。

And this rainbow spectrum actually

而這個彩虹光譜實際上

contains information that we can analyze and figure out

包含的資訊，我們可以分析並找出

what elements this light has interacted with.

這盞燈與哪些元素髮生了互動。

So basically, we're figuring out what's

所以，基本上，我們正在找出什麼是

out there in the universe by reading a rainbow.

在宇宙中，通過閱讀彩虹。

Anyways, I basically want to use everything

總之，我基本上想用一切

that I've learned about rainbows to create them

我學到的關於彩虹的知識來創造它們

and then paint my room, my apartment, with rainbows.

然後把我的房間，我的公寓塗上彩虹。

Hopefully it'll work, so we'll see.

希望能成功，我們拭目以待吧。

(tinkly music)

（叮叮噹噹的音樂）

So you can see if I'm dispersing that.

所以，你可以看看我是不是散了。

(upbeat music)

(歡快的音樂)

I'll just put some of the CDs.

我就把一些CD。

It's very subtle, but it's there.

這很微妙，但它在那裡。

That's awesome.

這是真棒。

I was this close to finishing it up.

我就差這麼一點就完成了。

Unfortunately, we ran out of time.

不幸的是，我們沒有時間了。

There's no more sunlight inside our room.

我們的房間裡已經沒有陽光了。

But there's always tomorrow,

但總有明天。

so I'm gonna try again tomorrow.

所以我明天再試試。

I've been running around trying to set up this rainbow

我一直在奔波，試圖建立這個彩虹。

'cause the light keeps shifting and it keeps changing

"因為光一直在變，一直在變

but I'm gonna quickly show you what I got.

但我很快就會告訴你我有什麼。

All right, you ready for this?

好了，你準備好了嗎？

(latch rattles)

(門閂響聲)

(light rhythmic music)

(輕音樂)

Check that out, that's so cool.

看看，太酷了。

So cool, like a party in here.

太酷了，就像在這裡開派對。

So I have the crystals that my partner,

所以我有我的夥伴的水晶。

Elizabeth, has and I combined them.

伊麗莎白，已經和我結合起來了。

I have a couple of prisms.

我有幾個稜鏡。

I have some crazy contraption, I have all of these.

我有一些瘋狂的裝置，我有所有這些。

And look at that, the CDs, I actually think

你看看，CD，其實我覺得。

it's such a great job with that rainbow.

它是這樣一個偉大的工作 與彩虹。

Look at all that.

看看這一切。

- All right.

- 好吧，我知道了

- [Mark] What do you think?

- [馬克]你怎麼看？

- Whoa, it's a party in here.

- 哇，這是一個黨在這裡。

Whoa, you can even like see it.

哇，你甚至可以像看到它。

- [Mark] Oh, that's so cool.

- [馬克]哦，那太酷了。

(thoughtful music)

(深情的音樂)

Look at your crystals.

看看你的水晶。

- Whoa, look at the wall.

- 哇，看這堵牆。

Woo, that's so cool.

嗚，太酷了。

- [Mark] I just wanted to see how far I could push it.

- 我只是想看看我能把它推多遠。

It's all fading slowly.

這一切都在慢慢消逝。

I mean, there's still some.

我的意思是，還有一些。

- Yeah, but it's kinda cool how it's constantly changing.

- 是啊，但它還挺酷的，因為它是不斷變化的。

- Yeah. (tinkly music)

- 是啊。（叮噹音樂）

Overall, I thought it was pretty successful

總的來說，我認為它是相當成功的

and it was pretty amazing,

這是相當驚人的。

pretty magical, I'd say.

相當神奇，我會說。

Obviously, the sun keeps moving, so every couple minutes,

很明顯，太陽一直在移動，所以每隔幾分鐘。

that rainbow would shift and change

滄海桑田

so I have to switch all the mirrors and the prisms.

所以我必須把所有的鏡子和稜鏡換掉。

It was a lot of work,

這是一個很大的工作。

but the results were pretty amazing.

但結果卻相當驚人。

I learned so much from our experiments

我從我們的實驗中學到了很多東西

and I hope that you did, too.

我希望你也是這樣做的。

I just think that it's so cool with,

我只是覺得，它是如此的酷與。

like, something so simple

就像，這麼簡單的事情

we could create something beautiful.

我們可以創造一些美麗的東西。

Well, hopefully you liked the video

好吧，希望你喜歡這個視頻

as much as I had fun making it

儘管我做得很開心

and that it inspires you

並且它激勵著你

to bring a little bit of color in your space.

為你的空間帶來一點色彩。

Peace. (quiet music)

寧靜（安靜的音樂）

(tinkly crescendo)

（叮叮噹噹的漸強）

(gentle music)

（溫柔的音樂）