BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

BBC學習英語。我是尼爾。

And I'm Sam. What's the matter, Neil?

我是山姆怎麼了，尼爾？

You sound upset.

你聽起來很不安。

Well, I am, Sam - I just spent an hour

是的，山姆，我剛剛花了一個小時的時間。

working on my computer when

在我的電腦上工作時

it suddenly froze. I lost

它突然愣住了。我失去了

everything and had to start all over again!

所有的一切，不得不從頭再來!

Agghh, that's so frustrating - like pop-up

Agghh，這太令人沮喪了--就像彈出窗口一樣

internet ads and buffering

網絡廣告和緩衝

videos that never play!

永遠不會播放的視頻!

Modern computers and the internet

現代計算機和互聯網

have revolutionised the way

徹底改變了

we live today, bringing us the world

我們今天的生活，給我們帶來了世界

with a click of a button. But not everyone

只需點擊一下按鈕。但不是每個人

feels happy about these

樂見其成

technological developments.

技術發展。

While potentially acting as a force

雖然有可能成為一種力量

for good and progress,

為善和進步。

the internet also provides a

互聯網還提供了

way of spreading hate and

仇恨的方式和方法

misinformation. And for some

誤導。而對於一些

people, the World Wide Web remains

人，網際網路仍然

a mysterious and confusing place.

一個神祕而混亂的地方。

In this programme, we'll hear about a new

在這個節目中，我們將聽到一個新的。

academic subject called

學科

Web Science.

網絡科學。

Web Science studies the

網絡科學研究

technology behind the internet.

互聯網背後的技術。

But from the human side, it's also

但從人的方面來說，也是。

interested in how people interact

對人們如何互動感興趣

with each other online.

與對方在線。

So we'll be asking whether studying

所以我們會問，學習

Web Science could make

網絡科學可以使

the internet better for humanity

互聯網為人類服務

in the future.

在未來。

But first it's time for our quiz question.

但首先是我們的測驗題了。

I wonder what the pioneers of the internet

我不知道互聯網的先驅們

would think about how it is used today.

會想到今天如何使用。

So the question is, who invented

那麼問題是，誰發明了

the World Wide

萬國

Web? Was it: a) Bill Gates,

網絡？是：a）比爾-蓋茨。

b) Tim Berners-Lee, or c) Steve Jobs?

b）蒂姆-伯納斯-李，或者c）史蒂夫-喬布斯？

Well, Bill Gates and Steve Jobs were

比爾-蓋茨和史蒂夫-喬布斯是

the brains behind Microsoft

幕後推手

and Apple Mac, so I'm going

和蘋果Mac，所以我要

to say c) Tim Berners-Lee.

說c）蒂姆-伯納斯-李。

OK, Sam, we'll find out later. Now, because

好吧，薩姆，我們以後會知道的。現在，因為

of coronavirus the annual

每年的冠狀病毒感染率

Web Science conference

網絡科學會議

was held online this year. Its theme was

於今年在網上舉行。其主題是

'making the web human-centric'.

'讓網絡以人為本'。

One of the conference's key speakers,

會議的主要發言人之一。

and co-founder of the new

的聯合創始人、新

discipline of Web Science,

網絡科學的學科。

was Dame Wendy Hall. Here she is

是溫迪-霍爾夫人。她在這裡

speaking to BBC World Service's

英國廣播公司世界服務部的

Digital Planet:

數字星球。

People think about the web as a

人們認為網絡是一個

technology but actually it's co-created

技術，但實際上它是共同創造的

by society. We

由社會。我們

put the content on, we interact with

放上內容，我們與

the technology, with the platforms,

的技術，與平臺。

with the social media

與社交媒體

networks to create it. What we study is

網絡來創造它。我們研究的是

how that works as an ecosystem,

作為一個生態系統如何運作。

this coming together

此消彼長

of people and technology, and it's very

的人和技術，而且它是非常的

interdisciplinary, very socio-technical,

跨學科的，非常社會技術的。

and of course these

當然還有這些

days a lot of it is powered by AI.

天很多都是由人工智能驅動的。

Web Science is not only interested in the

網絡科學不僅對

technology side of the internet.

技術方面的互聯網。

As a subject

作為一個主題

it's very interdisciplinary - involving two

它是非常跨學科的 - 涉及兩個

or more academic subjects or

學科或更多，或

areas of knowledge.

知識領域：

Web Science combines digital technology

網絡科學結合數字技術

with subjects ranging from

課題包括

psychology and robotics

心理學和機器人學

to economics and sociology.

到經濟學和社會學。

Exchanges between humans and

人與人之間的交流

the internet can be seen in

互聯網可以看出

social media networks - websites,

社交媒體網絡--網站。

apps and computer programmes, like

應用程序和計算機程序，如

Facebook and Instagram,

Facebook和Instagram。

which allow people to use electronic

允許人們使用電子郵件

devices to communicate and

設備進行通信和

share information.

分享資訊；

This view of technology sees the internet

這種技術觀認為，互聯網

as an ecosystem - a complex

作為一個生態系統--一個複雜的

pattern of relationships

脈絡

and mutual influences that exists

互相影響

between all living things

眾生相

and their environment.

及其環境。

One ongoing and topical example

一個正在進行的熱門例子

of websites helpfully interacting

網站的幫助互動

with humans is the Covid

與人類是Covid

contact tracing app.

聯繫人追蹤應用。

You might think the mobile phone app,

你可能會認為手機應用。

which tracks movements

追蹤運動

and contact between people

和人與人之間的接觸

to combat coronavirus, would be a useful

抵抗冠狀病毒，將是一個有用的方法。

practical application

實際應用

of internet technology.

的互聯網技術。

But as Carly Kind, Director of

但正如卡莉-金德（Carly Kind）主任所說

the Ada Lovelace Institute in Cambridge,

劍橋的艾達-洛夫萊斯學院。

explained to BBC World

解釋給BBC世界

Service's Digital Planet, things are never

服務的數字星球，事情從來都是

that straightforward:

那麼直截了當。

Actually, there's a lot of more

其實，還有很多

fundamental questions that

的基本問題

haven't been answered yet such

還沒有得到回答，如

as: is Bluetooth even an adequate

如：藍牙甚至是一個足夠的

mechanism for doing what it

工作機制

says on the tin, which is

罐頭上說，這是

detecting contact between two people?

檢測兩個人之間的接觸？

The trails so far show that it's not actually

目前的痕跡顯示，它其實並不是。

that great and so, do we know for sure

那麼大，那麼，我們是否可以確定

that these apps work and

這些應用程序的工作和

they work in the way we

他們的工作方式

want them to? Do we get the public health

希望他們這樣做嗎？我們是否得到了公共衛生

information that we need?

我們需要的資訊？

Apps like this are designed to support

這樣的應用程序是為了支持

public health - services to

公共衛生----服務

improve the standard

提高標準

of health of a country's

國家的健康狀況

general population.

一般人。

But Carly thinks the mechanisms used

但卡莉認為，使用的機制

must be suitable and adequate - they

必須是適當和充分的--它們

must actually

實際上

work or do what it says on the tin - an

工作或做它所說的事情------------------------一個

informal idiom meaning work exactly

名正言順

as it is intended to

如其所願

To find this out, trials - tests to discover

為了發現這一點，試驗--測試發現

how effective or suitable

效益如何

something is - are

東西是--是

carried out over a period of time.

在一段時間內進行。

The kind of trials which were carried out

所進行的審判種類

during the invention of the internet in the

在互聯網發明期間，在

first place, right, Neil?

第一名，對吧，尼爾？

Ah yes, the invention of the internet - or

啊，是的，互聯網的發明--或者說是。

to be more accurate, the

更準確地說，是

World Wide Web. In

網際網路。在

our quiz question I asked you who

我們的測驗問題，我問你誰

invented the World Wide Web?

發明了網際網路？

What did you say, Sam?

你說什麼，山姆？

I said b) Tim Berners-Lee.

我說b）蒂姆-伯納斯-李。

Well, you're a first class web scientist,

嗯，你是一個一流的網絡科學家。

Sam, because that's the correct answer!

山姆，因為這是正確的答案！

Great! In this programme, we've been

厲害！在這個節目中，我們已經

hearing about Web Science,

聽說網絡科學。

a new interdisciplinary

新的跨學科

subject, combining several areas of study,

學科，結合多個領域的研究。

which investigates the ecosystem

探討生態系統

of the internet

互聯網的

- the complex pattern of interconnections

- 盤根錯節

between humans and their environment.

人與環境之間。

Social media networks - websites and

社會媒體網絡--網站和

apps, like Facebook, which let

應用，比如Facebook，它讓

people use electronic

人們使用電子

devices to communicate on the internet -

設備在互聯網上進行通信 -

show how humans and technology

展示人與技術的關係

can successfully

能成功

interact.

互動。

A new Covid contact tracing app is

一個新的Covid聯繫人追蹤應用程序是。

currently undergoing trials - tests

目前正在進行的試驗 -- -- 試驗

to see if it works

看看是否可行

effectively. This will discover if it does

有效。這將發現它是否

what it says on the tin - works

它說，在錫 - 工作

as it's supposed to.

因為它應該。

If successful, by alerting people to

如果成功，通過提醒人們

coronavirus risks the app

冠狀病毒風險的應用

will support public health - services

將支持公共衛生-服務

aimed at improving the health

旨在改善健康狀況的措施

of the general population.

在一般人群中，。

And that's all from us for now.

目前我們就說到這裡。

And we hope you'll join us again soon for

我們希望您能儘快加入我們的行列，參加

more topical English vocabulary here at 6

更多熱門英語詞彙在這裡6

Minute English. Bye for now!

分鐘英語。暫時再見！

Bye bye!

再見！