I'm Neil – joining me is Catherine. Hi Catherine!

我是尼爾 - 加入我的是凱瑟琳。嗨，凱瑟琳！

Hello Neil, hello everybody!

尼爾，大家好！

And today's story comes from Beirut in Lebanon,

而今天的故事來自黎巴嫩的貝魯特。

where people have been protesting

在那裡人們一直在抗議

following the huge explosion that happened recently.

在最近發生的巨大爆炸之後。

If you would like to test yourself on the vocabulary,

如果你想測試一下自己的詞彙量。

there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com

在我們的網站上有一個測驗，在bbclearningenglish.com

but now let's hear more about that story from Beirut

但現在讓我們聽聽貝魯特的故事吧

with this report from BBC News:

與BBC新聞的這篇報道。

Yes, people have been protesting on the streets in Beirut

是的，人們一直在貝魯特街頭抗議

after the huge explosion that killed over 200 people

在200多人死亡的大爆炸後

and injured thousands.

並使數千人受傷。

People are angry that nobody in the government

人們很生氣，因為政府沒有人

has taken responsibility:

已經承擔了責任。

they're asking for people to quit.

他們要求人們退出。

OK. Well, the media has been covering

好吧好了，媒體已經覆蓋

this story extensively.

這個故事廣泛。

What are the words that are being used?

哪些詞是在用的？

Yes, we're looking at: 'the fall of', 'rage' and 'to topple'.

是的，我們正在看。"墮落"，"憤怒 "和 "傾覆"。

'The fall of', 'rage' and 'to topple'.

'落之'、'怒'、'覆之'。

So, let's hear your first headline please

那麼，讓我們來聽聽你的第一個標題吧

with that expression 'the fall of' something.

與表達'的秋天'的東西。

Of course. So, we're in the UK to start off with

當然了所以，我們在英國開始了。

and the Guardian Newspaper – the headline is:

和《衛報》--標題是。

The fall of something: the end of a position of power.

某物的隕落：權力地位的終結。

That's right – the fall of.

沒錯--墮落的。

Now, that's a three word expression.

現在，這是一個三個字的表達。

'The' – T-H-E.

T -H -E

'Fall' – F-A-L-L.

"秋天"--F-A-L-L。

And the preposition 'of', spelt O-F – single 'F' there.

而介詞 "的"，拼成O-F--那裡的單 "F"。

Now, in the headline the word 'the' is missing.

現在，標題中少了 "該 "字。

This is normal. Headline writers do this all the time:

這很正常。頭條作者經常這樣做。

they drop articles – words like 'a', 'an' and 'the'.

他們放棄了文章--像'a'、'an'和'the'這樣的詞。

But the full expression is a fixed phrase: the fall of.

但完整的表達方式是一個固定的詞組：淪陷。

Now, people will probably know –

現在，人們可能會知道--

be familiar with the word 'fall' as a verb, meaning:

熟悉 "落 "字作動詞，意思是：

go from being in an upright position,

從處於直立狀態。

so standing for a person,

所以站在一個人。

and then not standing – being on the floor.

然後不站著------在地上。

Yes, it often happens by accident, doesn't it Neil?

是的，這常常是偶然發生的，不是嗎尼爾？

You're walking along

你走在路上

and then you step on a banana skin,

然後你踩到了香蕉皮。

the comedy banana skin,

喜劇香蕉皮。

and suddenly you're lying on the floor: you fell over.

突然你躺在地上：你摔倒了。

We often used 'to fall over' or just 'to fall'.

我們常用的是'摔倒'或只是'摔倒'。

So, from upright to flat on the ground – that's a fall.

所以，從直立到平躺在地上--這就是摔倒。

We're using this verb – we're using it here

我們在用這個動詞--我們在這裡用它。

in an idiomatic sense: the fall of a person

淪落風塵

or organisation from a position of power

權勢

means that they were powerful, they were strong,

意味著他們很強大，他們很強。

they were influential, but now they're not.

他們是有影響力的，但現在他們不是。

They lost that position of power.

他們失去了這個權力的地位。

Often, they didn't want to but something happened

很多時候，他們並不想這樣做，但是發生了一些事情

and now they're no longer powerful

勢如破竹

or influential – excuse me!

或有影響力的--對不起！

We call that 'the fall of' whoever – the government,

我們稱之為'倒臺'的是誰--政府。

the leader, the politician, the sportsperson.

領袖、政治家、體育家。

We can talk about 'the fall of' meaning a loss of power

我們可以說'倒下'的意思是失去了權力

or position.

或位置。

Often seen and used when referring to historical events

經常在提到歷史事件時出現和使用。

and regimes: you can hear about the fall of Rome,

和政權：你可以聽聽羅馬的陷落。

for example.

例如：

Yes, that's right.

是的，是這樣的

We talked about the fall of communist regimes

我們談到了共產主義政權的垮臺問題。

back in 1989. More recently, we've had

早在1989年。最近，我們已經有了

the fall of lots of governments and leaders

江山代有才人出

in the Middle East.

在中東地區。

But, as you said, it's not just about

但是，正如你所說，它不僅僅是關於。

governments and politicians: we can refer to this –

政府和政治家：我們可以參考這個----。

you can use this expression to refer to people

你可以用這種說法來指代人

who've got great authority in an area,

在某一領域有很大權威的人。

or success – like sportspeople.

或成功--就像運動員一樣。

Yeah, that's right.

是的，這是正確的。

Yeah, it's not just about... well it could be power,

是啊，這不僅僅是關於... ... 好吧，它可能是權力。

but power in the sense of: people respect you,

但權力的意義在於：人們尊重你。

people admire you, you're very successful in what you do.

人們欽佩你，你在你的工作中非常成功。

So in the sporting world we can talk about

所以，在體育界，我們可以談論的是

the fall of, for example, Tiger Woods the golfer,

的倒下，比如說，老虎伍茲這個高爾夫球手。

who was very successful and respected.

誰是非常成功的，受人尊敬的。

Then there was some scandal around his personal life

然後，他的私生活又出了一些醜聞。

and he lost a lot of respect. He lost...

他失去了很多的尊重。他失去了...

Also, he started performing badly.

而且，他開始表現得很糟糕。

So he was at the top of his game

所以，他是在他的遊戲的頂部

and then we saw the fall of Tiger Woods.

然後我們看到老虎伍茲的倒下。

And then the rise again.

然後再次崛起。

Yes! We have the fall, the rise...

是啊！我們有墮落，有崛起... ...

No, the rise, the fall and the rise of Tiger Woods.

不，泰格-伍茲的興衰與崛起。

He's back on top at the moment.

他此刻又回到了巔峰。

OK. Let's have a summary of that:

好了，我們來總結一下：讓我們來總結一下。

OK. Before our next headline

好吧，在我們下一個標題之前在我們下一個標題之前

we have a pronunciation tip.

我們有一個發音提示。

That's right – we do, yes.

沒錯--我們有，是的。

Now if you're interested in pronunciation of the 'F' sound

現在如果你對 "F "的發音感興趣的話

that we have at the beginning of 'fall',

我們在'秋天'開始時就有的。

if you click the link below you can go to a programme

如果你點擊下面的鏈接，你就可以進入一個節目。

that's all about the 'F' sound.

這就是所有關於 "F "的聲音。

OK. Your next headline:

好吧，你的下一個標題：你的下一個標題。

So, we're still in the UK with our second headline.

所以，我們的第二個頭條還是在英國。

This one from The Times:

這個來自《泰晤士報》。

'Rage' – continue in an angry or violent way.

'憤怒'--繼續以憤怒或暴力的方式。

That's right. Now, 'rage' can be a verb

是的，沒錯現在，"憤怒 "可以是一個動詞。

and it can also be a noun. It's spelt the same way:

而且它也可以是一個名詞。它的拼寫方式是一樣的。

four letters – R-A-G-E – rage.

四個字母--R-A-G-E--憤怒。

And this is a word that describes great anger, doesn't it?

而這個詞是形容非常憤怒的，不是嗎？

Great anger and great anger that's being expressed.

巨大的憤怒和巨大的憤怒，正在表達。

So, if you see somebody raging they're likely

所以，如果你看到有人暴怒，他們很可能是。

to be shouting. They'll be probably moving their arms.

喊叫。他們可能會移動他們的手臂。

There'll be the clenched fist. There'll be lots of,

會有緊握的拳頭。會有很多。

you know, maybe a red face or a white face or,

你知道，也許一個紅色的臉 或白色的臉或，

you know, lots of screaming and anger and violence

你知道，大量的尖叫，憤怒和暴力。

maybe, so it's a really extreme word for

也許，所以這是個很極端的詞，對於

a lot – a lot of anger and fury.

很多------很多的憤怒和憤怒。

Yeah, and I think it's really important there,

是啊，我覺得這真的很重要。

what you said: it can be physical violence involved.

是你這麼說的嘛！可以涉及身體暴力。

You could talk about a raging crowd rioting...

你可以談論一個憤怒的人群暴動... ...

Yes. They might be breaking things and hurting people...

是的，他們可能會打碎東西，傷害別人...

Yes, yes. But we could also say that people at a meeting

是的，是的。但我們也可以說，人們在會議上...

for the local council were raging.

為地方議會所怒。

Now, it doesn't mean that they were behaving violently

現在，這並不意味著他們的行為是暴力的。

but they would be very angry.

但他們會非常生氣。

Not always.

不一定。

Yeah, the violence is, kind of, optional in raging.

是啊，暴力是，一種，可選擇的憤怒。

I mean, I think in this, you know, some of these protests,

我的意思是，我認為在這個，你知道，這些抗議活動中的一些，

it does involve, you know, throwing things

它確實涉及，你知道，扔東西，

and setting things on fire

和放火

but it could just be raised voices:

但它可能只是提高了聲音。

very, very angry people.

非常，非常憤怒的人。

It doesn't always have to involve violence,

並不總是涉及暴力。

but it does always involve anger.

但它確實總是涉及憤怒。

Yeah. A time when people often seem to get

對啊一個時代，當人們經常似乎得到

really angry, at least in this country, is around driving,

真正的憤怒，至少在這個國家，是圍繞駕駛。

so parking fines and speeding tickets

所以停車罰款和超速罰單

really get people into a rage.

真的讓人怒火中燒。

Yes, and when other people are driving badly

是的，當別人開得很差的時候也是如此

or one driver A thinks driver B drove badly,

或者有一個司機A認為司機B開的不好。

then driver A then starts behaving really badly

然後A司機就開始變本加厲了

and shouting and making threats and aggressive

大喊大叫，威脅和攻擊性的行為

gestures. Well, there's a word for it actually:

手勢。嗯，其實有個詞可以形容它。

we call it 'road rage'. Road rage.

我們稱之為 "路怒"。路怒。

Do you get road rage, Neil?

尼爾，你有路怒症嗎？

I can feel the anger rising but I don't go on a full rage,

我能感覺到憤怒的情緒在上升，但我沒有全面發飆。

I must say! I'm too scared.

我必須說！我太害怕了

Actually – well yes, you never know:

其實--是的，你永遠不知道。

the other driver might be bigger than you.

其他司機可能比你大。

Absolutely.

絕對的

...or angrier!

...或者更憤怒！

Let's have a summary:

我們來做個總結。

Well, we've been talking about anger and raging.

好吧，我們一直在談論生氣和憤怒。

We've got a related expression, haven't we Catherine?

我們有一個相關的表達，不是嗎，凱瑟琳？

Yes. If you're not quite raging

是的，如果你不是很暴躁的話。

but you do have a lot to say about the subject,

但你對這個問題確實有很多話要說。

we can say that you are 'banging on about it'.

我們可以說你是'喋喋不休'。

Now, to find out more about the expression

現在，要了解更多關於表達式

'bang on about' there's a link right there.

"喋喋不休"，那裡有一個鏈接。

Click on that and you'll find out more.

點擊，你會發現更多。

And your next headline, please.

還有你的下一個標題，請。

And yes, we're in the United States now.

是的，我們現在在美國。

Sunday TODAY – the headline:

週日TODAY--頭條。

'To topple' – to force a loss of power.

That's right. Two words now. First word: 'to' – T-O.

對了，就兩個字 現在有兩個詞。第一個詞："到"--T-O。

And the second word: 'topple' – T-O-P-P-L-E. 'To topple'.

第二個詞："推翻"--T-O-P-P-L-E。'推翻'。

There's a nice way of remembering what this means.

有一個很好的方法來記住這個意思。

It's kind of in the word: the word 'top'.

這算是在一個字："頂 "字。

Yes. Yes, 'top' meaning the opposite to the bottom.

是的，是的，"上 "的意思是與 "下 "相反。

It's up there. If something wobbles and falls

它在上面如果有什麼東西搖搖欲墜

from the top, it 'topples',

從頂上看，它 "頂 "了。

so when something actually leaves the top

所以，當東西真正離開頂部

and falls to the floor it has been 'toppled'.

並倒在地上，它已被 "推翻"。

Yeah and we use this again to describe

是啊，我們又用這個來形容

the removal from power of someone or something.

剝奪某人或某物的權力；

That's right, yes. If a politician is forced out of power

沒錯，是的。如果一個政客被逼下臺

by either events within his own organisation

由於其組織內部的事件

or external events or protests we can say

或外部事件或抗議，我們可以說

that person has been 'toppled'.

該人已被'推翻'。

It can – a person can be toppled,

它可以--一個人可以被推翻。

or an organisation can be toppled,

或一個組織可以被推翻。

but it's about being in the highest position

但這關乎到最高的地位。

and then being forced to a lower position:

然後被逼到較低的位置。

you are 'toppled'.

你被 "頂 "了。

Yeah and we can also use this to talk about

是啊，我們也可以用這個來討論一下。

non-political events, competitions,

非政治性活動、比賽。

sporting competitions – football matches, for example.

體育比賽 -- -- 例如，足球比賽；

Again! Yes, the language of sporting, kind of, excellence

再來一次!是的，運動的語言，一種，卓越的語言。

in sporting competitions is quite similar often

在體育比賽中，類似的情況屢見不鮮

to the language of politics, interestingly.

到政治的語言，有趣的是。

So, we can talk about a football team

所以，我們可以談論一個足球隊

toppling another football team from its position

倒戈

at the top of the league, which we saw recently

排名榜首，最近我們看到了

with – in the English Premier League.

與--在英超。

Liverpool – the team Liverpool –

利物浦-球隊利物浦-

toppled Manchester United from their position

掀翻曼聯

as the Premier League champions.

作為英超聯賽冠軍。

Man City.

曼城。

Man City! Sorry everyone – I'm not a football fan.

曼城!對不起大家--我不是足球迷。

You know what I really like about this word, Catherine,

你知道我為什麼喜歡這個詞嗎，凱瑟琳？

is, as I said, it's got 'top' in it, so we have this sense of

是，正如我說的，它有'頂部'在裡面，所以我們有這種意義上的。

something at the top and then

頂端的東西，然後

no longer being at the top.

不再是在頂端。

But it also sounds a bit like 'wobble',

但聽起來也有點像'搖擺'。

so it's like a 'top wobble' – a 'topple'.

所以就像 "頂上搖擺"--"頂上"。

'Toppled' – yes, it's a lovely word to say, actually,

'傾覆'--是的，其實這是個很好聽的詞。

the word 'topple'. It makes you think of kind of

傾覆這個詞。它讓你想到那種

a wobbling, wobbling movement – doesn't it?

晃晃悠悠的運動--是不是？

I'm doing one now – I'm toppling.

我現在就在做一個--我在翻身。

I hope you don't fall over.

我希望你不要摔倒。

I'll try not to.

我儘量不這樣做。

OK. Let's have a summary:

好了，我們來總結一下：讓我們來總結一下。

And time now for a recap of the vocabulary, please.

現在是時候對詞彙進行總結了，請。

Yes, so we had 'the fall of (something)' –

是的，所以我們有'墮落的'。

the end of a position of power.

權力地位的終點。

We had 'rage' – continue in an angry or violent way.

我們有'憤怒'--繼續以憤怒或暴力的方式。

And finally 'to topple' to force a loss of power.

最後'打倒'，逼迫失去權力。

We are all over social media if you want more of us,

如果你想要更多的我們，我們都在社交媒體上。

so check us out: BBC Learning English.

所以檢查我們。BBC學習英語。

Until next week, stay safe and goodbye.

直到下週，注意安全，再見。

Stay safe everyone.

大家注意安全。