are making or losing millions if not billions of dollars every single day.

每天都在賺取或失去數百萬甚至數十億美元。

look at this guy, he lost 1.3 billion dollars today.

你看這傢伙，今天輸了13億美金。

To an average person like you and me, it's difficult to comprehend that.

對於你我這樣的普通人來說，很難理解。

A million dollar for us is a lot of money, so what does that mean that he lost today

一百萬元對我們來說是一筆鉅款，那他今天輸了是什麼意思？

1.3 billion dollars today.

今天13億美金。

Are these people are throwing money into the wind?

這些人是不是把錢扔到了風口浪尖？

Or take a look at news such as this, Bezos made 9 billion dollars in 2 days.

或者看看這樣的新聞，貝佐斯2天賺了90億美元。

So let's try to understand what these numbers really mean?

那麼，讓我們試著去理解這些數字到底意味著什麼？

Are these billionaires are as rich as we think?

這些億萬富翁有我們想象的那麼有錢嗎？

Before we answer our question, we have to figure out how companies are valued in the

在回答我們的問題之前，我們必須先弄清楚公司在的估值情況。

stock market first.

股市先。

Remember, not long ago when everyone was shouting that Apple is the first trillion dollar company.

記得不久前，大家都在喊著蘋果是第一個萬億美元的公司。

For some weird reason everyone was excited about it, if you were an Apple investor, then

出於一些奇怪的原因，大家都很興奮，如果你是蘋果的投資者，那麼。

that was good news for you.

這對你來說是個好消息

If you are a simple iPhone user, that's not something you should care about.

如果你是一個簡單的iPhone用戶，那就不應該關心這個問題。

Because by crossing a trillion dollar valuation, the company suddenly didn't get better,

因為跨越了一萬億美元的估值，公司突然就沒有好轉了。

its products didn't get twice faster overnight.

其產品並沒有一夜之間變得快一倍。

Nothing really changed except right after that, they introduced the most disappointing

除了在那之後，他們推出了最讓人失望的東西之外，什麼都沒有改變

iPhone ever.

iPhone有史以來。

Or let's go back to july 26 of 2015, if you are a simple facebook user, you didn't experience

或者讓我們回到2015年7月26日，如果你是一個簡單的facebook用戶，你並沒有經歷過

anything different.

有什麼不同。

The website was still operating in the same and everything seemed normal but did you know

網站的運行還是一樣的，一切看起來都很正常，但是你知道嗎？

that (Facebook) lost over 120 billion dollars on that single day.

該（Facebook）單日損失超過1200億美元。

That's more money than the entire GDP of Ukraine, the second largest country in Europe with

這比歐洲第二大國烏克蘭的全部GDP還要多，其GDP為：。

a population of 45 million people.

人口4 500萬；

So why did the company out of nowhere suddenly lost so much money?

那麼，為什麼不知從哪裡冒出來的公司會突然虧損這麼多錢呢？

The problem is the capitalization.

問題是資本的問題。

Let's get back to apple that crossed a trillion dollar valuation.

我們再來看看估值突破萬億美元的蘋果。

Does that mean in order to buy apple you need the entire budget of the United Kingdom?

這是否意味著為了買蘋果，你需要整個英國的預算？

that's a joke!

開玩笑

Here is why, to find out any companies market cap, they take the price of the stock and

這就是為什麼，要找出任何公司的市值，他們採取的股票價格，並。

multiply it by the total number of shares.

乘以股份總數。

(230 x 4.91 Bil. shares) Isn't that absurd.

(230×4.91億股)是不是很荒唐。

First of all, because this number (stock price) doesn't really represent the real value of

首先，因為這個數字(股價)並不能真正代表真正的價值。

the company and changes every day and at the time of me writing this script, its somewhere

公司，每天都在變化，在我寫這個劇本的時候，它的某個地方。

around 157 dollars.

157美元左右。

Secondly, lets just say hypothetically it will bounce back to $230.

其次，我們就假設它將反彈到230美元。

Anyone with basic knowledge of economics understands demand and supply.

只要有基本的經濟學知識的人都明白需求和供給。

Only a small fraction of people are willing to pay that much for an Apple stock.

只有一小部分人願意花這麼多錢買一隻蘋果股票。

Others would pay only 200.

其他人只需支付200。

And the majority will only buy it for 80 or 100 dollars.

而大多數人只會以80元或100元的價格購買。

So you can clearly see that it's already not a trillion dollar company even if the stock

所以你可以清楚地看到，它已經不是一個萬億美元的公司，即使股價

price is 230.

價格是230。

But that's just in theory, in practice, if people at the button suddenly start selling

但這只是在理論上，在實際操作中，如果按鈕處的人突然開始售賣

their stocks, the price will decrease to 60 or 40.

他們的股票，價格會降到60或40。

On the other hand, if people suddenly get excited about apple and start buying the stock,

另一方面，如果人們突然對蘋果感到興奮，開始買入股票。

the price can double or even triple and dramatically increase its market cap.

價格可以翻倍甚至三倍，大幅提高其市值。

The point is that market capitalization is not the most accurate method to value a company.

問題是，市值並不是最準確的公司估值方法。

But unfortunately, it is the most widely used.

但不幸的是，它是應用最廣泛的。

However, how is that related to the question of this video?

然而，這和這個視頻的問題有什麼關係呢？

Most of the wealth of these billionaires today, come from their shares in these tech companies.

如今這些億萬富翁的財富，大多來自於他們在這些科技公司的股份。

Jeff Bezos is the richest person in the world because he owns 16 percent of Amazon that

傑夫-貝佐斯是世界上最富有的人，因為他擁有亞馬遜16%的股份，這

has a market cap is 722.71 Billion dollars.

擁有的市值是7227.1億美元。

But as we have discussed earlier, this number (722.71) is not accurate at all which means

但正如我們前面所討論的，這個數字(722.71)根本不準確，這意味著

that his real net worth is not even near 115 billion dollars.

他的實際淨資產甚至沒有接近1150億美元。

That's how Mark Zuckerberg lost over 15 billion dollars on 26th of july(2018) but it wasn't

馬克-扎克伯格就是這樣在7月26日(2018年)損失了150多億美元，但這不是

a big deal for him.

對他來說是件大事。

The point of this video isn't to tell you that these people are poor, they are definitely

這段視頻的重點不是告訴你這些人很窮，他們絕對是。

the richest people alive.

活著的最富有的人。

But rather to help you to have a better understating of the stock market.

而是為了幫助你對股市有一個更好的認識。

So next time when you come across such news, you know what's really going on.

所以下次遇到這樣的新聞，你就知道到底是怎麼回事了。

Anyways, that's it for today, give this video a thumbs up if you have enjoyed and hit that

總之，今天就到這裡了，如果你喜歡這個視頻，請豎起大拇指，然後點擊那個

subscribes button.

訂閱按鈕。

And if you want to support us to make more similar videos, check out our patron page.

如果你想支持我們製作更多類似的視頻，請查看我們的贊助人頁面。

Thanks for watching and until next time.

謝謝你的觀看，直到下一次。