Name: 二戰密碼破解看點｜2020年8月6日 (A Look At World War II Code Breaking | August 6, 2020)
Uploaded: 2020-10-26T18:36:54.000Z
Duration: 10 min 1 s

基礎被動語態

On Tuesday, the city of Beirut in Lebanon was rocked by a massive explosion.

週二，黎巴嫩貝魯特市發生了大規模的爆炸事件。

程度副詞

It was so powerful it registered as an earthquake, and it was felt over 150 miles away.

它的威力很大，登記為地震，150多英里外都能感覺到。

I'm Chris James filling in for Carla zoos, and I want to get you up to speed on what's happening in Beirut.

我是Chris James，代替Carla zoos，我想讓你瞭解貝魯特的情況。

The initial explosion looked like a mushroom cloud going up into the air.

最初的爆炸看起來就像一朵蘑菇雲上天。

The state news agency originally said it was a fireworks warehouse, but it was later announced that the explosion took place at a warehouse, holding confiscated ammonium nitrate and incredibly combustible material.

國家通訊社原本說這是一個煙花爆竹倉庫，但後來宣佈爆炸發生在一個倉庫，裡面存放著沒收的硝酸銨和不可思議的可燃物。

It's been reported that it was holding over 2700 tons of it.

The Beirut blast caused staggering and tragic destruction, killing over 100 with thousands more injured.

貝魯特的爆炸造成了驚人的悲慘破壞，100多人死亡，數千人受傷。

The explosion left devastation stretching for miles.

Beirut's governor announced that over 300,000 residents can't sleep in their own homes.

貝魯特省長宣佈，超過30萬居民不能在自己家裡睡覺。

Countries from all over the world have offered help and services.

世界各國都提供了幫助和服務。

The heels of a country still grappling with the cove in 19 pandemic and it's health resources were already stretched thin.

這個國家在19年仍在努力應對海灣大流行，它的衛生資源已經捉襟見肘。

The Lebanese prime minister announced that Wednesday would be a day of mourning for the country.

黎巴嫩總理宣佈，週三將是該國的哀悼日。

We're sending our love and thoughts to the people of Lebanon as they grapple with this enormous tragedy.

我們向黎巴嫩人民送去我們的愛和思念，因為他們正在努力應對這場巨大的悲劇。

If you're watching this right now, that means you have a working Internet plan.

如果你現在正在看這段視頻，說明你有一個有效的互聯網計劃。

Or, at the very least, you're using your phone's data for students in other countries, that's not always the case.

或者，最起碼，你在其他國家的學生使用你的手機數據，這並不總是如此。

The South American country has many parts of it that are still quite rural and often lack Internet connections.

南美國家有很多地方還很農村，往往缺乏互聯網連接。

In fact, most students don't have access to online learning.

事實上，大多數學生都沒有機會進行在線學習。

And now, with coronavirus cases rising, the country has decided toe outright.

而現在，隨著冠狀病毒病例的上升，國家已經決定直接趾。

CNN's Patrick Oppmann investigates riding from town to town in rural Bolivia.

美國有線電視新聞網的Patrick Oppmann調查了玻利維亞農村地區從一個城鎮到另一個城鎮的騎行情況。

One teacher tried to keep his students from falling behind.

His students were at a rare advantage, as most in rural areas were unable to continue classes.

他的學生具有難得的優勢，因為大部分農村地區的學生都無法繼續上課。

Now the gap in access will affect students across the country.

現在，入學機會的差距將影響到全國各地的學生。

As education ends for the rest of the year, the school year is canceled because the vast majority of rural areas do not have Internet.

隨著下半年教育的結束，由於絕大多數農村地區沒有互聯網，所以取消了學年。

The Children do not have Internet fiber optic system.

Unfortunately, Onley reaches the city, usually in school, from February to November.

不幸的是，安利到了城市，通常是在學校，從2月到11月。

Some two million students in Bolivia now can't attend class in person or online.

現在玻利維亞約有200萬學生無法親自或在線上課。

Officials say they were left with no other choice.

Reopening schools presented a health risk as Bolivia's new daily coronavirus cases continues to climb.

由於玻利維亞每天新增的冠狀病毒病例持續攀升，重新開學呈現出健康風險。

But virtual learning would leave tens of thousands behind.

但虛擬學習會讓數以萬計的人落伍。

It's not a good outlook, but we understand that we're making changes in the immediate future to leave the next government with a base for educational transformation, UNICEF reports.

據聯合國兒童基金會報道，這不是一個好的前景，但我們明白，我們正在做出改變，在不久的將來，為下一屆政府留下教育轉型的基礎。

Only 40% of Bolivian students are able to take classes online as the pandemic adds pressure to increase Internet and computer access around the highly nation.

只有40%的玻利維亞學生能夠在網上上課，因為這種流行病增加了增加互聯網和計算機訪問周圍高度國家的壓力。

But as other countries find creative solutions, some residents feel Bolivia is giving up too easily.

但隨著其他國家找到創造性的解決方案，一些居民認為玻利維亞太容易放棄了。

But I think the Children haven't learned anything and it's terrible for the teachers to work virtually.

但我覺得孩子們什麼都沒學到，而且老師們要虛擬工作，這很可怕。

But the cancelation is worse because it's a total loss for the students.

但取消更糟糕，因為這對學生來說完全是一種損失。

As the coronavirus pandemic deepens across Latin America, so too does its impact on learning as Bolivia's students face in near future without education.

隨著冠狀病毒大流行在整個拉丁美洲的深入，玻利維亞的學生在不久的將來面臨著沒有教育的情況，所以它對學習的影響也是如此。

Patrick Oppmann, CNN Time for 12th trivia.

帕特里克-奧普曼，美國有線電視新聞網12日瑣事時間。

Who was the first US president to serve in the Navy?

第一個在海軍服役的美國總統是誰？

Kennedy, Ronald Reagan, Harry Truman or Gerald Ford, JFK.

肯尼迪、羅納德-里根、哈里-杜魯門或傑拉爾德-福特、肯尼迪。

He was the first of an eventual six presidents to serve in the U.

他是最終六位總統中第一位在美國任職的總統。

JFK started his naval career all the way back in 1941.

肯尼迪早在1941年就開始了他的海軍生涯。

He was one of many young men that were being shipped away to fight in World War Two across Europe and the Pacific.

他是眾多被運往歐洲和太平洋地區參加二戰的年輕人之一。

Meanwhile, women were taking up the war effort back at home.

同時，婦女們也在家鄉承擔起了戰爭的責任。

When we think back to this time, it's easy to just assume all women were like the iconic image of Rosie the Riveter, working hard to make supplies and machinery.

當我們回想這個時候，很容易就認為所有的女性都像羅西-裡弗特的標誌性形象一樣，努力地製造物資和機械。

But there's a whole group of women that had to stay silent about their actual roles for so long.

但有一大批女性，不得不對自己的實際角色保持沉默這麼久。

One of these women is 99 year old Judy Parsons, and she was a code breaker way were told we would be hung on the gallows.

其中一個女人是99歲的Judy Parsons, 她是一個密碼破壞者... ...我們被告知我們會被吊在絞刑架上.

They really laid it on thick that we were not to talk.

他們真的很厚道地規定我們不能說話。

And then I told my husband I never told anybody.

然後我告訴我的丈夫，我從來沒有告訴任何人。

My name is Judy Parsons, and I was in World War Two as a code breaker.

我叫朱迪-帕森斯，我曾在二戰中擔任密碼破譯員。

Not many civilians know it, but a large number of Navy jobs are now open to women.

平民知道的不多，但現在海軍的大量工作都向女性開放。

In the spring of 43 I went off and joined the waves Way were shuffled into the chapel and sat there, and someone came in and said, Did anybody know German?

43年春天，我走了，加入了海浪路被洗牌進了小教堂，坐在那裡，有人進來說，有人會德語嗎？

And I said, Well, I took two years in high school and so that was it.

我說，好吧，我在高中讀了兩年，所以就這樣了。

Then, to the up 20 g, they called it, which was the German submarine traffic 20 G at Nebraska Avenue in Washington, D.

然後，對上20g，他們叫它，這是德國潛艇在華盛頓內布拉斯加大道的交通20g。

That's where most of the code breaking took place after 1943 on German codes and ciphers.

1943年後，德國的密碼和密碼器的密碼破譯大多發生在那裡。

It was strictly crypt analysis trying to decode the Enigma machine.

這是嚴格的密碼分析，試圖破解英格瑪機。

And enigma is the most difficult problem in the world.

而謎底是世界上最難解決的問題。

每個人都認為謎團是不可破解的。

Bletchley Park, of course, has entered the realm of myth and popular memory.

當然，布萊切利公園已經進入神話和大眾記憶的領域。

But in fact, after 943 most of that work was really being done at Nebraska Avenue by waves like Judy.

但事實上，在943之後，大部分的工作真的是由朱迪這樣的浪潮在內布拉斯加大道完成的。

In many respects, we should consider Nebraska Avenue, three U.

在很多方面，我們應該考慮到內布拉斯加大道、三個U。

With the start of the Second World War, the British were able to develop a machine called the Bomba Way.

隨著第二次世界大戰的開始，英國人得以研製出一種名為 "龐巴迪方式 "的機器。

What it was able to do is process information encrypted in Enigma.

它能夠做的是處理用Enigma加密的資訊。

I went into the crib room because the cribs were the clues to decipher the code, but we had to get about a line of type to get something to put in the machine.

我進了嬰兒房，因為嬰兒床是破譯密碼的線索，但我們要想把東西放進機器裡，就得打出大約一行字。

The Bomba machine would basically check each of the different variations, and it would spit out individual letters in the context of a message.

Bomba機器基本上會檢查每一個不同的變化，它會在資訊的上下文中吐出單個字母。

And it's like, well, a fortune at that point, and then they would send these slips of paper back to us in the crib room and you start to analyze the letter and the construct of the message, and eventually you're able to sort of decipher what the message actually says.

那時候就像，好吧，一筆財富，然後他們會把這些紙條寄回給我們，在嬰兒房裡，你開始分析信的內容和資訊的構造，最終你能夠有點破譯資訊實際上說了什麼。

If it worked, it broke the code for the day.

如果成功了，就斷了今天的密碼。

If it didn't work, wait for the next one to come because the machines spat out a lot of the slips of paper.

如果沒有成功，就等下一次來，因為機器會吐出很多紙條。

Judy was one of the analysts who was correlating information, and then that information would be conveyed down to main navy in downtown Washington, D.

朱迪是其中一個分析員，他把資訊進行關聯，然後這些資訊會被傳送到華盛頓特區市中心的海軍主力部隊。

They would then plot the information in the submarine tracking room to locate and eventually target individual submarine.

然後，他們會在潛艇跟蹤室繪製資訊，以定位並最終鎖定個別潛艇。

So it was part of, ah, bigger sort of machine that the U.

所以它是一部分，啊，更大的機器排序，U。

Navy created and you were a part of that.

海軍創建，你也是其中的一員。

Looking back on it, I wonder how we all had the patients to do it.

回想起來，我不知道我們都是怎麼有耐心去做的。

Throngs of people hail the end of the war in Europe.

成群的人歡呼歐洲戰爭的結束。

After the war, the Navy thanked us profusely and sent us home.

戰後，海軍對我們千恩萬謝，送我們回家。

It was kind of a blow to my pride to not be able to talk about it because everybody assumed I was a secretary.

因為大家都以為我是個祕書，所以不能說出來，這對我的自尊心是一種打擊。

I would love to have said I had such a good job.

You wouldn't believe, but I couldn't say that the work that you did helped win the war.

你不會相信，但我不能說你所做的工作有助於贏得戰爭。

It's actually a great privilege for a historian like myself, and so I really appreciate you're taking the time to talk with me today.

其實對於我這樣的歷史學家來說，這是一種莫大的榮幸，所以我非常感謝你今天能抽出時間來和我交流。