I'm Georgina and joining me today is Catherine.

我是喬治娜，今天加入我的是凱瑟琳。

Hi Catherine.

嗨，凱瑟琳

Hello Georgina! Hello everybody.

你好，喬治娜！大家好，我是喬治娜

Yes, today's News Review story is about the wildfires

是的，今天的新聞評論是關於野火的報道

that are sweeping the West Coast of America.

正在席捲美國西海岸的。

And don't forget: if you want to test yourself on the vocabulary you learn

不要忘了：如果你想測試一下自己所學的詞彙量

today, go to bbclearningenglish.com to find a quiz.

今天，去bbclearningenglish.com找一個小測驗。

Now, let's hear more about that story about the wildfires

現在，讓我們聽聽更多關於野火的故事。

in California from this Radio 1 News headline:

在加州，從這個電臺1號新聞頭條。

So, wildfires in America are now in

所以，美國的野火現在在

three states on the West Coast. That is Washington,

西海岸的三個州。那就是華盛頓州。

Oregon and California. The wildfires have claimed

俄勒岡州和加利福尼亞州。這場野火已經奪走了

several lives and thousands of people have had to leave their homes.

幾條生命，數千人不得不離開家園。

We've got three words and expressions you can use to talk about this story.

我們有三個詞和表達方式，你可以用來談論這個故事。

What are they Catherine?

他們是什麼人，凱瑟琳？

They are: 'brace', 'smog' and 'grip'.

它們是："支撐"、"煙霧 "和 "抓緊"。"支架"、"煙霧 "和 "握手"。

'Brace', 'smog' and 'grip'. Catherine, give us your first headline.

"支撐"，"煙霧 "和 "抓緊"。凱瑟琳，給我們你的第一個標題。

Yes, we're in America for all our

是的，我們在美國的所有的

headlines this week and the first one comes from ABC News.

本週的頭條新聞，第一條來自ABC新聞。

It reads like this:

它的內容是這樣的。

Yes, so it's 'brace' – get ready physically or mentally for something bad.

是的，所以是 "支撐"--做好身體或精神上的準備，以應對不好的事情。

That's right. B-R-A-C-E – that's a verb. It can also be a noun.

沒錯，B -R -AB -R -A -C -E -- 這是一個動詞。它也可以是一個名詞。

Now Georgina, imagine that you see me coming towards you.

喬治娜，想象一下，你看到我向你走來

You're in an enclosed space and I have my hand in a fist and

你在一個封閉的空間裡，我的手握著拳頭，然後...

an angry look on my face: what are you gonna do?

我一臉怒容：你要幹什麼？

I'm gonna run away, Catherine.

我要逃跑了，凱瑟琳。

But you can't run away: you're in an enclosed space

但你不能逃跑：你在一個封閉的空間裡。

so what are you gonna do when you

所以，你是什麼 當你打算做

see that fist coming?

看到那拳頭來了嗎？

I'm going to prepare myself physically,

我要做好身體上的準備。

so I'm going to tighten up all the muscles in my body...

所以我要收緊我身體的所有肌肉... ...

...and wait for the impact of the fist to hit me.

...等著拳頭的衝擊力打到我身上。

And yeah – so I'm going to tighten up

是的，所以我打算加強

all my body like a hard piece of cardboard, so to speak.

我的身體就像一塊硬紙板，可以說。

I'm going to brace myself.

我得給自己壯壯膽。

OK. You're going to brace yourself. Now of course,

好吧，你要振作起來。你要支撐自己。現在，當然。

Georgina, I would never do a thing like that – never in a million years!

喬治娜，我絕對不會做這樣的事情--一百萬年都不會！我的意思是，我的意思是，我不會做這樣的事情。

But in this scenario, if you feel that someone's about to

但在這種情況下，如果你覺得有人要...

hit you, you're going to prepare yourself physically and mentally because you know

你要做好身體和精神上的準備，因為你知道。

something bad is going to happen.

會有不好的事情發生。

Same if you're in – traveling in a car and a crash is about to happen:

同樣的，如果你在--車上旅行，即將發生車禍。

you will tighten up and get ready for an impact and this is the idea of 'brace'.

你會收緊身體，做好衝擊的準備，這就是 "支撐 "的概念。

It's both physical and mental of course. You're going to be

當然是身體和精神兩方面的。你將會是

feeling – preparing yourself mentally for an

感覺------------------做好心理準備，迎接

impact of some kind and this is the way that 'brace' is being

某種衝擊，這就是 "支撐 "的方式。

used in this context. In the West Coast of America, people are

在這種情況下使用。在美國西海岸，人們都

getting ready physically: they're making fire defences.

做好身體上的準備：他們在做火力防禦。

They're getting ready emotionally

他們已經做好了情緒上的準備

and mentally: they might have to move – it's going to be difficult, traumatic,

並在精神上：他們可能要搬家--這將是困難的，有創傷的。

uncertain – so preparing yourself for something bad to happen.

不確定--所以要做好準備，以備不測。

Let's – so let's have a summary slide:

讓我們--所以讓我們有一個總結性的幻燈片。

So, 'brace' is an action verb and we've got

所以，'brace'是一個動作動詞，我們已經得到了。

lots of useful information all about those, haven't we Catherine?

很多有用的資訊都是關於這些的，不是嗎，凱瑟琳？

We have. To find out what action verbs

我們有。要想知道什麼是動作動詞

are and how they work, just click the link and

是什麼以及它們是如何工作的，只需點擊鏈接和

you'll go straight there.

你會直接去那裡。

Great. So, let's have a look at your second headline.

很好，那麼，讓我們來看看你的第二個標題。那麼，讓我們來看看你的第二個標題。

Yes and now for the Los Angeles Times – the headline:

是的，現在洛杉磯時報--頭條。

'Smog' – type of air pollution often found in cities that makes it difficult to breathe.

Yes, 'smog' – S-M-O-G – it's a noun: 'smog'.

是的，'煙霧'--S-M-O-G--這是一個名詞：'煙霧'。

Now Georgina, you know what 'smoke' is, don't you?

喬治娜，你知道 "煙 "是什麼，對吧？

Yes. So, when you light a fire it's the grey kind of stuff

是的，所以，當你點火的時候，是灰色的那種東西。

that comes off it and it can get in your eyes and in your

它脫落，它可以得到你的眼睛和在你的。

lungs as well and make it difficult to breathe.

肺部也是如此，並使其呼吸困難。

That's right. And you know what 'fog' is, don't you Georgina?

沒錯，你知道 "霧 "是什麼嗎，喬治娜？你知道 "霧 "是什麼嗎，喬治娜？

I do. Well, actually I just learnt really

我是這麼想的嗯，其實我只是學會了真的

what it is today – like the details. So, it's small water

今天的它是什麼--喜歡細節。所以，它是小水

droplets that come together to create a form of a cloud, but it's low to the

的液滴，聚集在一起形成雲的形態，但它的低到了

ground and it means you can't see through it.

地，這意味著你無法看穿它。

Yes. So, if we take the 'sm-' from 'smoke'

是的 如果我們把 "煙 "的 "煙 "去掉的話

and we add the '-og' from 'fog' and we put them together, we get...

再加上 "霧 "中的"-og"，然後把它們放在一起，我們得到... ...

...'smog'. 'Smog'!

...煙霧。 煙霧！

'Smog', 'smog'. Now, smog is traditionally a combination of smoke and fog,

'煙'，'霧'。現在，煙霧是傳統的煙和霧的結合。

but these days we use it to mean

但現在我們用它來表示

airborne pollution that makes it difficult to breathe,

空氣汙染，使人難以呼吸。

difficult to see properly. If you look at photographs now of California,

很難看清楚。如果你看現在加州的照片。

you can see that the air literally is orange

你可以看到，空氣是橙色的。

and quite hazy: you can't see very well. People are struggling to breathe.

並且相當朦朧：你看不清楚。人們在掙扎著呼吸。

So, it's air pollution which is either a mixture of smoke and fog,

所以，這是空氣汙染，它要麼是煙和霧的混合物。

or it's just airborne pollution.

或只是空氣汙染。

Right, so let's have a look at a summary slide:

好的，我們來看看總結性的幻燈片。

Catherine, we've covered other stories on wildfires, haven't we?

凱瑟琳，我們已經報道了其他關於野火的故事，不是嗎？

Yes, we have. And to see a story about the Australian

是的，我們有。並看到一個關於澳洲的故事

bushfires that happened at the beginning of this year,

今年年初發生的叢林大火。

just click the link.

只要點擊鏈接。

Let's have a look at our next headline.

我們來看看我們的下一個標題。

And we're in The New York Times now – the headline:

我們現在在《紐約時報》的頭條。

'Grip' means: hold tightly.

'握'的意思是：緊緊地握住。

Yes. Now, it's spelt: G-R-I-P – 'grip'. It's a verb

是的，現在，它的拼寫是：現在，它的拼寫。G -R -I -P - "握"。這是一個動詞

and it is also a noun. Now Georgina, would you please demonstrate

而且它也是一個名詞現在喬治娜，請你演示一下

'grip', please, by gripping your pencil very tightly?

'握'，請把鉛筆握得很緊？

Yes, I'm gripping the pencil. And I – and I can see

是的，我在抓鉛筆。而我--我可以看到

you're kind of straining: your hand – your fingers are going white

你有點緊張，你的手--你的手指都要發白了

because you're gripping it so hard. And I think if I tried to get that pencil out of

因為你抓住它這麼難。我想，如果我試圖讓 鉛筆出來的。

your hand it would be very very difficult.

你的手將是非常非常困難的。

Almost impossible, Catherine. Almost impossible.

幾乎不可能，凱瑟琳。幾乎不可能

You've got quite a strong grip, I think, Georgina.

喬治娜，我想，你有很強的控制力。

Yeah. I feel like I need to relax it now actually.

是啊，我覺得我現在需要放鬆一下。

Yes, relax! Yes, you won't be able to use your hand.

是的，放鬆！是的，你的手不能用了。

OK. So, grip means hold very very very tightly. It can be literal,

好的。所以，抓緊的意思是非常非常非常緊地握住。它可以是字面意思。

as you've just been demonstrating with your pencil, Georgina,

就像你剛才用鉛筆演示的那樣，喬治娜。

or it can be the idea of something having a lot of power over people's

或它可以是一個想法的東西有很大的力量對人們的。

movements. In this case the wildfires are causing

運動。在這種情況下，野火正在造成

fear: they're causing destruction. And it's those two things,

恐懼：他們正在造成破壞。而就是這兩件事。

fear and destruction, which are 'gripping' people. That means they are

恐懼和毀滅，這是讓人'抓狂'的。這意味著他們是

controlling people: people are thinking about it all the time,

控制人：人們無時無刻不在思考。

they're planning around it, they're worried about it.

他們計劃圍繞它，他們擔心它。

So, if something 'grips' you, it really takes all your attention so that you can't

所以，如果有什麼東西 "抓住 "你，它真的會佔用你所有的注意力，讓你無法。

think of anything else, and you behave in a particular way

顧此失彼，我行我素

because of the thing that's gripping you.

因為那件事情讓你抓狂。

So, in the headline it's being used as a

所以，在標題中，它被作為一個。

verb. Can it also be used as an adjective, Catherine?

動詞它也可以用作形容詞嗎，凱瑟琳？

Yes, it can. Yes.

是的，它可以。是的，它可以。

If you add '-ing' – '-pping', it's 'gripping' and you can talk

如果再加上'-ing'-'-ping'，就是'叼'了，就可以說話了

about lots of things that are gripping,

關於很多事情，都是令人抓狂的。

especially in the world of entertainment, Georgina.

尤其是在娛樂圈，喬治娜。

Do you like to watch gripping films?

你喜歡看抓人的電影嗎？

Oh yes! So, the last film that I watched

哦，是的！所以，我看的最後一部電影

that was really gripping was 'Gravity': I was on the edge of my seat,

真正讓人抓狂的是《地心引力》。我在我的座位的邊緣。

the effects were fantastic, the characters, the script was amazing.

效果是夢幻般的，人物，劇本是驚人的。

I didn't know what was going to happen – would Sandra Bullock survive her

我不知道會發生什麼，桑德拉-布洛克能不能活下來。

space expedition? What would actually happen? It was amazing.

太空探險？實際上會發生什麼？太神奇了

Fantastic! Sounds really gripping.

太棒了！聽起來真讓人抓狂。

Yes, it is. It is amazing.

是的，它是。它是驚人的。

So, let's have a look at our summary slide:

那麼，我們來看看我們的總結幻燈片。

Catherine, could you recap the vocabulary please?

凱瑟琳，你能複述一下詞彙嗎？

I could. We had 'brace' – get ready physically or mentally for something bad.

我可以。我們有'支撐'--為一些不好的事情做好身體或精神上的準備。

We had 'smog' – type of air pollution often found in cities that makes it difficult to breathe.

我們有 "煙霧"--城市中經常出現的空氣汙染，使人難以呼吸。

And we had 'grip' – hold tightly.

而我們有'握'--緊握。

So, you can test yourself on today's vocabulary with the quiz

所以，你可以通過測驗來測試自己今天的詞彙量。

on the website. We're all over social media too.

在網站上。我們也都在社交媒體上。

Thanks for joining us. Bye!

謝謝你加入我們。再見！

Bye everyone!

大家再見