What should you do during a big tremor?

大震時應該怎麼做？

This is Dan.

這是丹。

He recently arrived in this country to start a job.

他最近來到這個國家工作。

Suddenly, his office starts to shake and the building sways violently.

突然，他的辦公室開始震動，大樓搖晃劇烈。

Dan is from a country that doesn't have earthquakes, and he panics.

丹來自一個沒有地震的國家，他慌了。

Luckily, his coworker Rena is there to show him what to do.

幸運的是，他旁邊的同事瑞納告訴他該怎麼做。

First, get under a desk for protection.

首先，躲到桌下來保護自己。

If there's time, open a door to secure an exit.

如果有時間，就打開一扇門確保出口安全。

In a high rise building, tremors could continue for ten minutes, or more.

在高樓大廈，震動可能會持續10分鐘或超過。

Although the shaking may make you feel sick, the building is unlikely to collapse, so stay calm.

雖然搖晃可能會讓你感到不適，但建築物不太可能倒塌，所以要保持冷靜。

Dan is impressed by how cool Rina is, but he wonders why high rise buildings sway with such long movements.

瑞娜的冷靜給丹留下深刻的印象，但他不明白為什麼大樓會跟著晃動搖擺。

Rena explains.

瑞娜解釋道：

The shaking movement due to an earthquake, is called seismic ground motion.

地震引起的晃動運動，稱為地面運動。

The number of seconds for each back and forth movement is its period.

每一次來回運動的秒數就是它的週期。

Depending on the length of the period, the movement is either short or long period ground motion.

取決於週期的長短，可能是短週期或長週期的地面運動。

The thicker the ground's sedimentary layers, the longer the period.

沉積層越厚，週期就越長。

Because cities usually built on planes composed of very thick sedimentary layers, they often experience long period ground motion.

城市大多建造在很厚的沉積層上，所以經常會發生長週期的地面運動。

Each building has it's own period, which depends on the type of construction and height.

每一棟建築都有自己的週期，這取決於其本身的類型和高度。

Higher buildings have longer periods, and these are more likely to be the same as the ground motion.

高層建築的週期較長，這些週期較可能和地面運動的週期一樣。

When a building's period is the same as that of the ground, this causes resonance, which greatly magnifies the shaking.

建築物的週期與地面的相同時，就會引起共振，而這大大地把震動放大了。

That's why, even though the ground outside is only moving slightly, a tall building might be shaking violently.

這也是為什麼，即使外面的地面只是微微移動，但高樓可能會劇烈搖晃的原因。

Dan now understands what's happening.

丹現在明白發生了什麼。

The only reason desks and lockers don't move is that they are all securely fastened down.

課桌和儲物櫃不動的唯一原因是它們都被牢牢地固定住了。

After the shaking stops, Dan asks Rena to lunch.

搖晃停止後，丹問瑞納要不要一起吃午餐。

"Not so fast." says Rena.

麗娜說：「沒那麼快」。

Don't assume it's safe to go outside so quickly.

不要以為這麼快就安全了可以出去。

If you're near the sea or a river, a tsunami might be coming.

如果你靠近大海或河流，很有可能發生海嘯。

And after a major tremor, aftershocks make it dangerous to be near damaged structures, older buildings or cliffs that might collapse.

而在大地震之後，餘震使得受損建築、老舊建物或懸崖附近變得很危險。

Rena tells Dan he should train to be ready for an earthquake.

瑞娜告訴丹，他應該訓練自己，做好地震的準備。

In earthquake prone countries, communities hold disaster drills, and many facilities provide earthquake simulations.

在地震頻繁的國家，社區都會舉行災害演習，許多設施也提供地震模擬。

The latest facilities can simulate earthquakes in high rise buildings and many other scenarios.

最新的設施可以模擬高層發生地震時和其他情境的情況。

To find out what's available in your area, just look online.

若想知道哪裡有這些設施，上網查就有了。

Thanks to Rena, Dan is now ready for life in an earthquake zone.

多虧了瑞娜，丹已經準備好展開在地震區中的新生活了。

The next weekend, he takes his family to an earthquake simulator.

下週末，他會帶家人去參加地震模擬活動。

Now they'll know exactly what to do in a big quake.

他們會明白在大地震中該怎麼做。

To stay safe during a major earthquake, the most important thing is knowledge.

若要在大地震中保持安全，最重要的是知識。

Official online disaster mitigation sites provide all the information you need.

官方線上災害防治網站提供所有你需要的資訊。

Remember, don't rush, stay calm, and help others.

記住，不要著急，保持冷靜，幫助他人。