Name: 男性避孕藥為什麼這麼難做 (Why Male Birth Control Is So Hard To Make)
Uploaded: 2020-10-23T21:57:42.000Z
Duration: 5 min 9 s

That's right, some of the first forms of birth control

沒錯，最早的一些避孕方式是這樣的

and while the condom has made some strides

雖然安全套已經取得了一些進展。

since the Bronze Age, men still don't have

自青銅器時代以來，男人們仍然沒有...

a much better option all these millennia later.

IUDs, and implants available to women today.

宮內節育器，和植入物提供給今天的女性。

So why don't we have birth control for men?

那為什麼我們不給男人做節育手術呢？

more than 9,000 men across four continents

whether they'd be willing to use contraception

Women ovulate just one or two eggs each month.

女性每個月只排卵一到兩個卵子。

Men, on the other hand, produce sperm daily,

而男性則是每天都會產生精子。

There's literally hundreds of millions of sperm

produced each day, so because there's so many

每天都在生產，所以因為有這麼多的。

sperm produced, actually, you can reduce your sperm number

精子的產生，實際上，你可以減少你的精子數量。

over 90% and still be completely fertile.

Narrator: To reach infertility, a man's sperm count

旁白：男人的精子數量要達到不孕不育的程度

needs to be somewhere around 1 to 10 million

per milliliter, but getting there is near impossible,

每毫升，但要做到這一點幾乎是不可能的。

那是因為精子的數量是與精子的數量相關的。

In the past, researchers tried decreasing testosterone

過去，研究人員嘗試降低睪丸激素

The problem is you don't have any libido,

you have very little testosterone to act on other tissues

你有非常少的睪丸激素作用於其他組織。

and so forth, and so the side effects were so dramatic

諸如此類，所以副作用是如此的戲劇性。

Narrator: Scientists also tried using different compounds

旁白：科學家還嘗試使用不同的化合物

that attack the cells that produce sperm.

Germ cells, as they're called, developed inside

胚胎細胞，就像它們的名字一樣，在體內發育。

a fortress-like structure within the testes.

So literally, nothing can get through it.

所以從字面上看，什麼都過不去。

There's been a lot of small molecule studies

Literally, I can think of 10 or 15 different compounds

從字面上看，我可以想到10或15種不同的化合物。

that actually have been developed to do that,

實際上已經開發出了這樣的功能。

but they don't work because of that barrier.

但因為這個障礙，他們沒有工作。

isn't the only problem. It's also funding or lack thereof.

並不是唯一的問題。也是資金或缺乏資金的問題。

In 2002, two big pharmaceutical companies

took interest in male contraception, Schering and Organon.

對男性避孕藥、先靈和Organon感興趣。

And together they funded a large clinical trial

他們一起資助了一項大型臨床試驗

offering hope that a pill backed by Big Pharma

提供希望，由大藥廠支持的藥丸。

Then these two companies became, as you know,

後來這兩家公司成了，你也知道。

acquired by bigger company, and then even bigger company,

被更大的公司收購，然後是更大的公司。

so now they are merged in huge companies,

所以現在他們被合併成了大公司。

婦女的健康仍然是一個優先事項

And therefore, the development of contraception

Companies were concerned that women might not trust it,

and despite the survey results, it was unclear whether men

而儘管調查結果，但不清楚男子是否

would actually use a hormone-based contraception.

Today, the limited funding comes mostly from

government agencies like the National Institutes of Health.

But there are in fact some promising lines of research.

但事實上，有一些有前景的研究方向。

Dr. Wang is working on a gel that can lower testosterone

王博士正在研究一種可以降低睪丸激素的凝膠。

where it matters, in the testes where sperm is produced,

while keeping testosterone levels normal elsewhere.

同時保持其他地方的睪酮水準正常。

That means low sperm count and, more importantly,

這意味著精子數量少，更重要的是。

that if we give the gel and if the man applies the gel,

如果我們給凝膠，如果該男子應用凝膠。

90% of the men will reach the level that you talk about,

90%的男人都會達到你所說的水準。

而斯金納正在追求一種新的方法。

which are a part of that impenetrable barrier

is a sort of reversible vasectomy that's in the works.

是一種可逆的輸精管結紮術，正在進行中。

So they have this ability to inject this gel

所以他們有這個能力注射這種凝膠

and it makes this plug, so then essentially

它使這個插件，所以，然後基本上

it does the same thing, but you're not cutting it.

它做了同樣的事情，但你沒有削減它。

那麼不管你信不信，其實你可以

inject this chemical mixture, which will dissolve the plug,

注入這種化學混合物，它將溶解塞子。

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男性避孕藥為什麼這麼難做 (Why Male Birth Control Is So Hard To Make)

literally

essentially

approach

slightly