on The Great Wall of China.

在中國的長城上。

Here's Michael Jordan,

這是邁克爾-喬丹。

There are a lot of these.

有很多這樣的。

For years, the NBA has been sending teams to China

多年來，NBA一直在向中國派遣球隊

where more people watch NBA games than in the United States.

在那裡看NBA比賽的人比美國多。

The purpose is to play basketball,

目的是為了打籃球。

meet Chinese fans,

遇到中國粉絲。

and have players like Rip Hamilton spread a clear message.

並讓裡普-漢密爾頓等球員傳播一個明確的資訊。

The NBA has worked hard

NBA一直在努力

to build a successful business in China,

在中國建立一個成功的企業。

but then they almost lost it all because of a single tweet.

但後來因為一條微博，他們幾乎失去了一切。

It was March of 2000 and President Clinton was pushing for a trade deal with China,

那是2000年3月，克林頓總統正在推動與中國的貿易協議。

despite concerns about China's human rights record.

儘管人們對中國的人權記錄感到擔憂，但。

“It does deny its citizens fundamental rights of free speech and religious expression.

"它確實剝奪了公民言論自由和宗教表達的基本權利。

It does define its interest in the world in sometimes in ways that are dramatically at odds from our own.

它對世界的興趣有時確實是以與我們自己的興趣截然不同的方式來定義的。

Just a decade before, China's government put down an uprising at Tiananmen Square.

就在十年前，中國政府在天安門廣場鎮壓了一場起義。

“...human rights not trade!”

"......人權不是貿易！"

And in 1999, Americans also had concerns about China's record in Taiwan and Tibet.

而在1999年，美國人對中國在臺灣和西藏的記錄也有擔憂。

“The Fortune 500 companies are controlling the American foreign policy in China.

"世界500強企業正在控制美國在中國的外交政策。

This is wrong.

這是不對的。

It's gotta stop.

它必須停止。

President Clinton, we are asking you to take a courageous position.”

克林頓總統，我們要求你採取勇敢的立場。"

But Clinton insisted that

但克林頓堅持認為

doing business with China would have a positive impact on their human rights platform.

與中國做生意將對其人權平臺產生積極影響。

"The question is not whether we approve or disapprove of China's practices.

"問題不在於我們是否贊成或不贊成中國的做法。

The question is: What is the smartest thing to do to improve these practices?"

問題是：要改進這些做法，最聰明的做法是什麼？"

Bill Clinton came to think that engagement, that trade, that direct contact would have

比爾-克林頓認為，接觸，貿易，直接的接觸會有。

a positive impact on the human rights situation in China, as well as improving

對中國的人權狀況產生積極影響，並改善中國的人權狀況。

the overall U.S. China relationship.

中美整體關係的。

The next year, China joined the WTO.

第二年，中國加入了WTO。

2001 is important because that's when the country enters into the World Trade Organization,

2001年很重要，因為那是我國加入世界貿易組織的日子。

which greatly simplifies doing business, not just with the United States, but with the entire world.

大大簡化了與美國，乃至全世界的業務往來。

The Chinese economy was about to take off.

中國經濟即將騰飛。

US businesses began investing in China

美國企業開始在中國投資

and eventually Chinese companies would start investing back in the US.

而最終中國企業會開始回美國投資。

As China became richer, as China became more integrated into the global economy,

隨著中國越來越富裕，隨著中國越來越融入全球經濟。

it became a more important market for the United States.

它成為美國更重要的市場。

After 2001, the average Chinese person had more disposable income

2001年以後，中國人平均可支配收入增加了

as a result of the rapid growth.

由於快速增長。

It was the perfect moment for the NBA to build a business in China and it all started right here.

這是NBA在中國建功立業的最佳時機，而這一切就從這裡開始。

“With the first pick in the 2002 NBA Draft, the Houston Rockets select Yao Ming from Shanghai, China!”

"2002年NBA選秀大會上，休斯敦火箭隊用第一個選秀權選擇了來自中國上海的姚明！"

At the time Yao Ming was 21-years old, watching the NBA draft on a laptop in China.

當時姚明21歲，在中國用筆記本電腦看NBA選秀。

“Can you fully comprehend, for yourself, for Chinese Basketball, and for the NBA,

"你能不能完全理解，對於自己，對於中國籃球，對於NBA。

what it means to be the NBA's number one overall pick?”

成為NBA第一總冠軍意味著什麼？"

Yao was the NBA's “next big thing” for fans in China,

姚明是中國球迷眼中的NBA "下一個大人物"。

where basketball has been popular ever since it was introduced by missionaries in the 19th century.

在那裡，自19世紀傳教士引進籃球以來，籃球一直很受歡迎。

When the Communist Party came to power they banned most Western sports,

共產黨上臺後，他們禁止了大部分西方體育項目。

but basketball was embraced as a national passion.

但籃球作為一種民族激情被人們所接受。

But China never produced a star player...

但中國從來沒有出過明星球員... ...

until Yao.

直到姚明。

"...Yao Ming and company, ready to go..."

"......姚明和公司，準備出發......"

Now they could watch a Chinese player playing at the same level of these legendary greats

現在，他們可以看到一箇中國球員與這些傳奇偉大的球員打出同樣的水準。

and playing Shaq

和玩沙克

200 million Chinese viewers tuned in for his first game against Shaq and The Lakers.

2億中國觀眾收看了他對沙克和湖人的第一場比賽。

“They're watching live in Shanghai at 10:30 in the morning as O'Neal goes right at Ming!"

"他們早上10點半在上海看直播，奧尼爾直接衝著明哥去了！"

Compare that to 9.9 million: the average number of Americans that watched the NBA Finals that year.

對比一下990萬：當年觀看NBA總決賽的美國人平均人數。

“Yao, first touch, for two!”

"姚明，第一次觸電，換兩個人！"

Yao became a household name in China and soon American companies turned to him for endorsements.

姚明在中國成了家喻戶曉的人物，很快美國公司紛紛找他代言。

“Can Jimmy play?

"吉米會玩嗎？

Hi Yao!

嗨，姚先生！

Jimmy?”

吉米？"

“Get a Garmin”

"買個Garmin"

“...the new 17-inch powerbook.”

"......新的17英寸電源本。"

Yao's popularity also helped the NBA develop their fanbase there.

姚明的人氣也幫助NBA在那裡發展他們的球迷群體。

In 2004 The NBA started sending teams on an annual summer tour of China,

2004年，NBA開始每年派球隊進行夏季中國行。

where the Houston Rockets became a fan favorite, simply because that was Yao's team.

在那裡，休斯敦火箭隊成為球迷的最愛，只因為那是姚明的球隊。

The tours brought the biggest NBA players to China and boosted the league's popularity.

旅遊團將NBA的大牌球星帶到了中國，提升了聯盟的知名度。

For comparison, The NBA has slightly more Twitter followers

相比之下，NBA的推特粉絲略多一些

than the the next major sports league in The United States.

比美國下一個主要體育聯盟。

But in China, the NBA dominates social media platforms like Weibo.

但在中國，NBA在微博等社交媒體平臺上佔據主導地位。

Nearly 500 million people watched NBA games last year using Tencent, China's largest

去年有近5億人使用中國最大的騰訊觀看NBA比賽。

streaming platform.

流媒體平臺。

That's more than the entire population of the United States.

這比整個美國的人口還多。

In 2019 Tencent and The NBA signed a deal worth $1.5 billion dollars,

2019年，騰訊和NBA簽訂了價值15億美元的協議。

almost three times what it was worth five years ago.

幾乎是五年前價值的三倍。

The people who manage the NBA recognized that there were tremendous opportunities in China

管理NBA的人認識到，在中國有巨大的機會

and they worked hard to develop that market and they have succeeded.

並且他們努力開發這個市場，他們成功了。

Then seven words threatened everything.

然後七個字威脅到了一切。

Daryl Morey is the general manager of the Houston Rockets

達里爾-莫雷是休斯頓火箭隊的總經理。

and his tweet repeated a phrase chanted by protesters in Hong Kong.

和他的推特重複了香港示威者所喊的一句話。

Well this is just about civil liberties, this is about having a voice in government.

好吧，這只是關於公民自由，這是關於有一個聲音在政府。

What's wrong with that?

這有什麼不好？

And so he thought nothing of tweeting this out, whereas in China, it was perceived quite differently.

所以他想都沒想就把這個微博發了出去，而在中國，人們的看法卻完全不同。

It was seen as an effort to break up China, an effort to weaken China.

這被認為是在分裂中國，削弱中國的努力。

The Chinese Consulate in Houston responded by saying they were “deeply shocked

中國駐休斯敦領事館迴應稱，他們 "深感震驚"。

by the erroneous comments on Hong Kong” and asked the Rockets to “correct the error”.

由對香港的錯誤評論"，並要求火箭隊 "糾正錯誤"。

Daryl Morey took down his tweet and

達里爾-莫雷拿下了他的推特，並。

The Rockets tried to do damage control.

火箭隊試圖進行損害控制。

“Yeah, We apologize, you know, we love China.

"是啊，我們道歉，你知道，我們愛中國。

We love playing there.”

我們喜歡在那裡玩。"

Despite the apology, the government cancelled NBA broadcasts on Chinese state TV.

儘管道歉，政府還是取消了NBA在中國國家電視臺的轉播。

“CCTV's sports channel has just announced that it will suspend the broadcast of any

"央視體育頻道剛剛宣佈，將暫停播出任

NBA games in China, including this week's preseason games.”

NBA在中國的比賽，包括本週的季前賽。"

Tencent also suspended broadcasts of Houston Rockets games.

騰訊還暫停了休斯頓火箭隊比賽的轉播。

In Shanghai, workers were tearing down advertisements for upcoming games

在上海，工人們正在為即將到來的遊戲撕掉廣告。

And fans protested outside the stadium where teams were set to play.

而球迷則在各隊比賽的體育場外抗議。

On social media, a fan posted this video of himself tearing up tickets to the game

在社交媒體上，一位球迷發佈了這段自己撕毀比賽門票的視頻。

in support for the Chinese government.

以支持中國政府。

The NBA Commissioner stood behind Morey at a press conference.

在新聞發佈會上，NBA專員站在莫雷身後。

“The long held values of the NBA are to support freedom of expression and, in this

"NBA長期以來的價值觀是支持言論自由，在這一

case, Daryl Morey, as the general manager of the Houston Rockets, enjoys that right.”

案，達里爾-莫雷作為休斯敦火箭隊的總經理，享有這一權利。"

But the league undercut their message when

但聯盟削弱了他們的資訊，當

journalists were stopped from asking about the incident afterwards.

事後，記者們被阻止詢問此事。

“I just wonder after the events of this week and the fallout we've seen, whether

"我只是想知道，經過本週的事件和我們所看到的後果，無論是

you would both feel differently about speaking out in that way in the future?”

你們倆以後這樣說話，會不會有不同的感覺？"

Foreign businesses in China, have long recognized that there are red lines that must not be crossed.

在中國的外資企業，早已認識到，有一些紅線是不可逾越的。

And traditionally those have been the three Ts: Taiwan, Tibet, Tiananmen.

而傳統上那是三T。臺灣、西藏、天安門。

Three political issues the Chinese government tries to control messaging around.

中國政府試圖圍繞三個政治問題控制消息。

Companies have learned that if you cross one of these lines, there is a price to pay.

公司已經瞭解到，如果你越過其中一條線，就會付出代價。

For example, in 2018 Gap was selling this t-shirt featuring a map of China without Taiwan.

例如，2018年Gap就在銷售這種以中國地圖為主題的T恤，沒有臺灣。

After a photo of the shirt was posted online, Gap apologized and promised to stop selling

襯衫的照片被髮到網上後，Gap道歉並承諾停止銷售

the “incomplete” t-shirt in a statement released by People's Daily: a government newspaper.

的 "不完整 "T恤，在人民日報：政府報發佈的聲明中。

You're talking about a one party state that has the ability to let you in, to expel you, to make you rich.

你說的是一黨制國家，有能力讓你進來，驅逐你，讓你發財。

By withholding access to consumers, China forces foreign companies to apologize

中國通過扣留消費者，迫使外企道歉。

and/or change their message in order to continue selling products.

和/或改變他們的資訊，以便繼續銷售產品。

Because China has a population of 1.4 billion, that usually works.

因為中國有14億人口，通常情況下是可以的。

The NBA learned that doing business in China means playing by their rules and that's

NBA瞭解到，在中國做生意就意味著要遵守他們的規則，這就是

not what US leaders like President Clinton had envisioned.

並非克林頓總統等美國領導人所設想的那樣。

The hope was that trade with China would open it up to ideas of democracy and free speech,

希望通過與中國的貿易，讓中國開放民主和言論自由的理念。

while making American companies money at the same time.

同時讓美國公司賺錢。

But as American companies changed their messages to sell products in China,

但隨著美國公司為了在中國銷售產品而改變資訊。

the risk became importing Chinese censorship.

風險變成了輸入中國的審查制度。