Name: 5位現在破產的億萬富翁 (5 Billionaires Who Are Now Broke)
Uploaded: 2020-10-10T19:51:08.000Z
Duration: 11 min 34 s

進階形容詞比較級句型

you are there at the bottom, it feels like as soon as you rise to the top or, as they

你在那裡的底部，它的感覺就像當你上升到頂部，或者，因為他們

say, become ultra-successful, you are never going down again.

說，成為超級成功人士，你就再也不會倒下了。

Once you build a successful company or make a series of astonishingly profitable investments,

一旦你建立了一家成功的公司，或者進行了一系列驚人的投資。

even a few million dollars can set you on a path to be financially free for the rest

即使是幾百萬美元，也能讓你在接下來的日子裡財務自由。

of your life. But a few hundred million dollars should not only provide you with a luxurious

的生活。但是，幾億的資金不僅要為你提供一個豪華的

life for your remaining days here on earth, but also to your children and grandchildren.

為你在地球上剩餘的日子提供生命，也為你的子孫提供生命。

  But there is another segment in our society

"■▄▄■▓，但在我們的社會中還有另一部分人。

that can afford everything they want. Their wealth exceeds the wealth of some nations.

可以負擔得起他們想要的一切。他們的財富超過了一些國家的財富。

Jeff Bezos, has as much wealth as Greece's current GDP. Billionaires are in the best

傑夫-貝佐斯，擁有的財富相當於希臘目前的GDP。億萬富翁們在最好的

period of time in history. The average billionaire has a net worth of 4.1 billion dollars. Given

的歷史時期。億萬富翁的平均淨資產為41億美元。鑑於

the markets average, if they would receive an 8 percent return on their wealth, a typical

市場的平均水平，如果他們能獲得8%的財富回報，一個典型的。

billionaire can earn over 328 million dollars a year, enough cash to provide anyone with

億萬富翁每年可以賺取超過3.28億美元的現金，足以為任何人提供

super luxuries life. But it's not all sunshine and rainbows, its as difficult to manage so

超豪華的生活。但是，這並不是所有的陽光和彩虹，它是如此的難以管理。

much money as its to get it in the first place. Some people managed to become billionaires

多的錢，因為其首先要得到它。有些人成功地成為億萬富翁

but couldn't maintain it to the point where they had to sell all of their assets and file

但卻無法維持，以至於他們不得不賣掉所有的資產，並申請了

for bankruptcy. Today we are going to explore 5 billionaires who are now officially broke.

為破產。今天我們就來探討一下現在正式破產的5位億萬富翁。

"■▄▄■▓1號，伯納德-麥道夫。

He started a brokerage firm back in the 1960s and grew it into one of the largest investment

他早在20世紀60年代就創辦了一家經紀公司，並將其發展成為最大的投資公司之一。

firms. At one point, Madoff Securities was the largest market maker at the NASDAQ, and

公司。麥道夫證券公司一度是納斯達克最大的做市商，而且。

in 2008 was the sixth-largest market maker on Wall Street. The company went to provide

在2008年是華爾街第六大做市商。該公司去提供

a different kind of financial services. At his peak, Madoff had a net worth of 17 billion

一種不同的金融服務。在他的巔峰時期，麥道夫有 一個淨資產17十億

dollars until people realized that it was all a scam. It was the largest Ponzi scheme

美元，直到人們發現這一切都是一個騙局。這是最大的龐氏騙局

in world history and the largest financial fraud in the history of the U.S.

在世界歷史上，也是美國曆史上最大的金融詐騙案。

He would attract investors by paying great profits to early investors with funds from

他將通過向早期投資者支付鉅額利潤來吸引投資者，資金來源於

more recent investors. No one could resist such profits and ended up investing billions

較新的投資者。沒有人能夠抵擋這樣的利潤，最終投資了幾十億美元

On December 10, 2008, Madoff's sons told authorities that their father had confessed to them that

2008年12月10日，麥道夫的兒子們告訴當局，他們的父親曾向他們承認，

the asset management unit of his firm was a massive Ponzi scheme, and quoted him as

他的公司的資產管理部門是一個巨大的龐氏騙局，並引用他的話說："我的公司是一個巨大的龐氏騙局"。

saying that it was "one big lie". The following day, FBI agents arrested Madoff and charged

說，這是 "一個大謊言"。第二天，聯邦調查局特工 逮捕麥道夫，並指控

him with fraud. The SEC had previously conducted multiple investigations into his business

他的欺詐行為。美國證券交易委員會此前曾對他的業務進行過多次調查。

practices but had not uncovered the massive fraud. In March 2009, Madoff pleaded guilty

的做法，但沒有 發現大規模的欺詐。2009年3月，麥道夫認罪

to 11 federal felonies and admitted to turning his wealth management business into a massive

11項聯邦重罪，並承認把他的財富管理業務變成了一個大規模的。

Ponzi scheme. He defrauded thousands of investors. The amount missing from his client accounts

龐氏騙局。他詐騙了成千上萬的投資者。他的客戶賬戶中缺少的金額

was almost $65 billion. Madoff ended up sentenced to 150 years in prison.

是近650億美元。麥道夫最終被判處150年有期徒刑。

  This woman was named the next Steve Jobs,

"■▄▄■▓，這個女人被評為下一個喬布斯。

way before Elon Musk was as popular as he is today. She founded Theranos and claimed

在埃隆-馬斯克像今天這樣受歡迎之前，就已經開始了。她創立了Theranos，並聲稱

to have revolutionized blood testing by developing testing methods that could use surprisingly

革命性的血液檢測，開發出可以使用令人驚訝的檢測方法。

small blood volume, such as from a fingerprick. Holmes raised $6 million to fund the firm.

小的血量，如從指紋。霍爾姆斯籌集了600萬美元來資助該公司。

By the end of 2010, Theranos had more than $92 million in venture capital. She was the

到2010年底，Theranos的風險投資超過9200萬美元。她是

real deal. In 2014, she appeared on the covers of Fortune, Forbes, The New York Times. Forbes recognized

真正的交易。2014年，她登上了《財富》、《福布斯》、《紐約時報》的封面。福布斯》認可

Holmes as the world's youngest self-made female billionaire and ranked her #110 on the Forbes

霍爾姆斯作為世界上最年輕的自主創業的女性億萬富翁，並在福布斯排行榜上排名第110位。

400 in 2014. Theranos was valued at $9 billion and had raised more than $400 million in venture

2014年，400美元。Theranos的估值為90億美元，曾籌集了超過4億美元的風險投資。

capital. She was everywhere, giving speeches alongside

首都。她到處都是，發表演講的同時

other billionaires such as Jack Ma to inspire others, but that was probably the peak of

馬雲等其他億萬富翁，以激勵他人，但這可能是最高峰的。

her career. In 2015, a series of journalism and investigators

她的職業生涯。2015年，一系列的新聞和調查人員。

revealed doubts about its technology claims and that Holmes had misled investors and the

透露了對其技術訴求的懷疑，霍爾姆斯誤導了投資者和。

government.  In 2018, the SEC charged Holmes with deceiving

政府。  2018年，美國證券交易委員會（SEC）指控霍姆斯欺騙了

investors by "massive fraud" through false or exaggerated claims about the accuracy of

通過虛假或誇大其詞的準確性，"大規模欺詐 "投資者。

the company's blood-testing technology; Holmes settled the charges by paying a $500,000 fine,

公司的血液檢測技術；霍姆斯通過支付50萬美元的罰款來解決這些指控。

returning 18.9 million shares to the company, relinquishing her voting control of Theranos,

向公司歸還1890萬股，放棄對Theranos的投票控制權。

and being barred from serving as an officer or director of a public company for ten years.

並被禁止在十年內擔任上市公司的高管或董事。

Despite having raised more than $700 million from investors, the company is now on the

儘管已經從投資者那裡籌集了超過7億美元的資金，但該公司目前在。

verge of bankruptcy, and Forbes estimates her net worth at zero dollars. 

瀕臨破產，福布斯估計她的淨資產為零美元。

You probably know here for here extensive cosmetic surgery that ended up in her catlike

你可能知道這裡的這裡廣泛的整容手術，最終在她的貓一樣的。

appearance, but for some reason, she even denies having plastic surgery. But that's

外貌，但不知為何，她甚至否認做過整容手術。但那是

not what we want to know. Though she didn't come up with any brilliant idea to become

不是我們想知道的。雖然她並沒有想出什麼絕妙的主意來成為

super-wealthy, she took a different path. She married Alec Wildenstein, who was a billionaire,

超級富豪，她走了一條不同的路。她嫁給了亞歷克-維爾登斯泰因，他是億萬富翁。

but not self-made. When his father passed away in 2001, he inherited half of his father's

但不是自立門戶。2001年父親去世時，他繼承了父親一半的財產。

business empire that estimated to worth 10 billion. Seems like an easy way to become

估計價值100億的商業帝國。看起來很容易成為

a billionaire. Not really!  In 1999, his wife Jocelyn Wildenstein divorced

一個億萬富翁。並非如此!  1999年，他的妻子Jocelyn Wildenstein與他離婚。

him and received 2.5 billion dollars in her settlements and $100 million each year for

他，並在她的和解中獲得25億美元，每年獲得1億美元的賠償。

the following 13 years. But, you know what happens when you don't

接下來的13年。但是，你知道會發生什麼，當你不... ...

earn your billions with your blood and sweat? You waste it faster than you get it. She was

用你的血汗賺取你的億萬財富？你浪費的比你得到的快。她是...

known for her extravagant lifestyle. Her telephone bill alone was $60,000 a year. She uses to

以她奢侈的生活方式而聞名。她每年僅電話費就高達6萬美元。她用

spend on food and wine $500,000 annually. She spent money like there is no tomorrow

每年花在吃喝上的錢有50萬。她花錢如流水，沒有明天

but when tomorrow came in knocking, she realised that she had more debt than she can possibley

但當明天來敲門的時候，她意識到她的債務比她能做的還要多。

cover and ended up filing for bankruptcy in 2018.

 4. Allen Stanford Stanford first started a bodybuilding gym

4.艾倫-斯坦福-斯坦福最早創辦了一家健美館。

that failed. His first success in business came from speculating in real estate in Houston

的失敗。他在商業上的第一次成功來自於在休斯敦炒作房地產

after the Texas oil bubble burst in the early 1980s; he made a fortune buying up depressed

在80年代初德克薩斯石油保麗龍破滅後，他發了財，買下了低迷的

real estate and selling it years later as the market recovered.

房地產，並在多年後隨著市場的復甦而出售。

But that wasn't enough for him, he wanted more and went to found Stanford Financial

但這對他來說還不夠，他還想得到更多，於是去創辦了斯坦福金融公司

Group. He got into the banking the indstry. Business was booming, his net worth reached

集團。他進入了銀行行業。生意興隆，他的淨資產達到了

2.2 billion dollars at its peak because he continuously delivered higher returns to his

巔峰時期的22億美元，因為他不斷地給自己帶來更高的回報。

investors than market's average which made his business look a bit more suspicious. 

投資者比市場的平均水平高，這讓他的生意看起來更可疑。

When pitching to investors, he presented hypothetical investment results as actual historical data

在向投資人推銷時，他把假設的投資結果作為實際的歷史數據呈現出來。

in sales pitches to clients and claimed his certificates of deposit were as safe as, or

在向客戶推銷時，他聲稱他的存款證明和客戶的存款一樣安全，或者說是安全的。

safer than, U.S. government bonds. But it was leaked later on that companies

比，美國政府債券更安全。但後來有人洩露，公司

under Stanford's control were "rumored to engage in bribery, money laundering, and political

在斯坦福大學的控制下，"據傳從事賄賂、洗錢和政治。

manipulation". Seems that's what Allen Stanford meant by a safe investment. So in 2009, Stanford

操縱"。看來這就是艾倫-斯坦福所說的安全投資的意思。所以在2009年，斯坦福

became the subject of several fraud investigations and was charged with fraud. His billion-dollar

成為數次欺詐調查的對象，並被控欺詐。他的數十億美元的

idea got him 110-year sentence prison, which he is still serving.

想法讓他獲得了110年的刑期，目前他仍在服刑。

This man, once upon a time, was the 7th richest person in the entire world. Yes! You heard

這個人，曾經是全世界第七大富豪。是啊！你也聽到了

it right! He was one of the few richest people on the entire planet. The question that I

它的權利！"他是少數最富有的人之一 在整個地球上。他是整個地球上最富有的幾個人之一。我的問題是

want to know an answer is - how do you you go from being worlds 7th richest human to

我想知道的答案是--你是如何從世界第七大富豪到

being broke? Here is the recipe. In the 1980s, Batista

破產？這就是祕方。在80年代，巴蒂斯塔

created and put into operation eight gold mines in Brazil and Canada, a silver mine

在巴西和加拿大創建並營運了8個金礦，一個銀礦。

in Chile, and three iron ore mines in Brazil. From 2004 to 2010 Batista built 5 companies,

在智利，以及巴西的三個鐵礦。2004年至2010年，巴蒂斯塔建立了5家公司。

each focusing on different parts of the production from mining to logistics. And things took

各自專注於從採礦到物流的不同生產環節。而事情的發展

off in the beginning. In 2011, Batista was listed as the richest

關在開始。2011年，巴蒂斯塔被列為最富有的。

person in Brazil and the most powerful person in the country, placing him as Brazil's most

人，也是巴西最有權勢的人，將其列為巴西最。

powerful person after Brazil's then-president (Dilma Rousseff ). In early 2012, Batista

巴西時任總統（迪爾瑪-羅塞夫）之後的強勢人物。2012年初，巴蒂斯塔

Just when it seemed he is going to be at the top forever, things turned south. As of 2013,

就在他似乎要永遠站在巔峰的時候，事情卻出現了轉機。截至2013年。