an index fund and let it grow it until you retire and with an average growth of 8 or

指數基金，讓它成長到你退休，並且平均增長8或8

10 percent annually.

每年10%。

With the power of compounding, you will be doing great by the the time you retire.

有了複利的力量，到你退休的時候，你會做得很好。

But no one really talks about how to do that, how to invest in S&P500,?what stocks you have

但沒有人真正談論如何做，如何投資S&P500，? "你有什麼股票"。

to buy to do that?

要買來做這個？

So here in this video, we will answer that question.

那麼在這裡，我們將在這個視頻中回答這個問題。

Before we figure out how to invest in vanguard index funds or the S&P500, we have to understand

在弄清楚如何投資萬家指數基金或標普500指數之前，我們要先了解一下以下內容

a few key concepts, what is an ETF?

幾個關鍵概念，什麼是ETF？

How do mutual funds work?

共同基金是如何運作的？

And what kind of ETFs you have to buy to get an average rate of 8 percent annually?

那要買什麼樣的ETF才能獲得年均8%的收益率呢？

ETF - The Greatest Financial Innovation

ETF--最偉大的金融創新

An ETF or An exchange-traded fund is a security that includes within itself multiple other

ETF或交易所交易基金是指一種證券，其本身包括多個其他證券。

securities such as stocks, bonds, real estate.

股票、債券、房地產等證券。

It's basically a financial management company that takes investors money and invests them

基本上都是理財公司拿著投資人的錢去投資了

in certain types of assets, but at the same time, their stocks are traded in the stock

在某些類型的資產中，但同時，他們的股票在股票交易中

market like any other publicly-traded company.

市場和其他上市公司一樣。

It's a great way to diversity your investment portfolio.

這是一個讓你的投資組合多樣化的好方法。

ETFs usually track a particular index.

ETF通常跟蹤某一特定指數。

The most famous ETF type you probably heard about is the one that tracks S&P500.

最著名的ETF類型你可能聽說過，就是追蹤S&P500的ETF。

S&P500 is a stock market index that measures the stock performance of 500 large companies

標準普爾500指數是衡量500家大公司股票表現的股票市場指數。

listed on stock exchanges in the United States.

在美國的股票交易所上市。

There are around 3700 publicly traded companies in the US alone.

僅在美國就有約3700家上市公司。

So as an investor, you have a pretty big choice.

所以作為一個投資者，你的選擇相當大。

However, it's not easy to analyze so many companies and find out what are the best and,

然而，要分析這麼多公司，找出最好的和。

at the same time, the safest investment.

同時，也是最安全的投資。

That's where S&P500 comes into the picture.

這就是S&P500的作用。

It filters the best and safest stocks out of this basket.

它從這個籃子裡篩選出最好最安全的股票。

There are certain criteria that a company needs to meet in order to join the S&P500

一家公司要想加入標準普爾500指數，需要滿足一定的標準。

such as the company should have at least 8.2 billion dollars of market cap, most of its

如公司至少要有82億元的市值，其大部分。

shares should be in the public's hands, the company should be in the stock market for

股票應該在公眾手中，公司應該在股票市場為

at least a year and many other criteria.

至少一年和許多其他標準。

Even a company like Tesla, with its over 300 billion dollar valuation, couldn't join the

即使是特斯拉這樣估值超過3000億美元的公司，也不能加入到

index.

指數：

But that doesn't mean that every company in the index fund is going to do great in the

但這並不意味著指數基金中的每家公司都會在指數基金中表現出色。

long run, but since they are the largest 500 companies in the country, most of them, in

長期來看，但由於他們是全國最大的500強企業，他們中的大多數，在

the long run, are going to grow at different rates and judging by historical data, since

長期來看，都會以不同的速度增長，從歷史數據來看，自

inception in 1926, it has been growing approximately at 9.8% annually, or 6% after inflation; however,

1926年成立以來，年增長率約為9.8%，即扣除通貨膨脹後的6%；但。

there were several years where the index declined over 30% during crises.

在危機期間，有幾年的指數下降了30%以上。

The ten largest S&P500 companies account for 26 percent of the index, companies such as

十大標普500公司佔該指數的26%，公司如。

Apple, Microsoft, Berkshire, Alphabet, Johnson and Johnson and a few others (Amazon, Visa

蘋果、微軟、伯克希爾、Alphabet、強生和其他一些公司（亞馬遜、Visa）。

Inc., Procter & Gamble and JPMorgan Chase, Facebook).

公司、寶潔公司和摩根大通、Facebook）。)

If you realized that at least half of them are tech companies, so if they suddenly rise

如果你意識到他們中至少有一半是科技公司，所以如果他們突然上升

for one reason or another, they will have massive influence over the market and drag

由於種種原因，他們將對市場產生巨大的影響，並拖累了市場的發展。

with them the rest of the market, but on the other side, if they fall, the entire market

但另一方面，如果他們下跌，整個市場

could be down just because tech companies aren't doing great.

可能會下降，只是因為科技公司的業績並不理想。

2.

2.

Mutual Funds - Let The Experts Manage Your Money

互惠基金--讓專家來管理您的資金

A mutual fund is similar in many ways to an ETF but functions in a slightly different

共同基金在許多方面與ETF相似，但功能略有不同。

way.

辦法。

Instead of passively investing in a certain index or an industry.

而不是被動地投資於某一指數或某一行業。

Managers at a mutual fund strive to beat the market by at least a small margin.

共同基金的經理人力爭以至少小幅度的優勢戰勝市場。

So before picking up a company, they would analyze their financial statements and try

所以，在選擇一家公司之前，他們會對其財務報表進行分析，並試圖

to invest only in companies they believe would do the best.

只投資於他們認為會做得最好的公司。

Investing in a mutual fund is like hiring a bunch of financial experts who will choose

投資共同基金就像僱傭了一群理財專家，由他們來選擇。

where to invest your money in.

在哪裡投資你的錢。

But that doesn't come at a cheap price.

但這價格並不便宜。

Mutual funds usually charge a percentage for their hard work to manage your money which

互惠基金通常會收取一定比例的費用，因為他們辛勤地管理你的資金，而這些費用是由他們自己承擔的。

is typically between 0.5% to 0.75%.

一般在0.5%至0.75%之間。

Anything higher than that most probably doesn't worth it.

比這更高的東西很可能不值得。

One percent might not seem like a lot of money if you are investing a thousand dollars, but

如果你投資一千塊錢，百分之一可能看起來不是很多錢，可是

if your portfolio is around a million dollars, then that's at least a 10 thousand dollars

如果你的投資組合在一百萬美元左右，那麼至少有一萬美元

difference.

差異。

If that's the case, why would anyone invest in a mutual fund?

既然如此，為什麼會有人投資共同基金呢？

Well, you see, when you have a huge portflio, lets say a hundred million dollars, beating

好吧，你看，當你有一個巨大的portflio， 比方說，一個億的美元，毆打你。

the market even by a small margin like 1 percent is a lot of money because that will equal

市場上哪怕只有1%這樣的小幅度，也是一大筆錢，因為這將相當於

to one million dollar, enough to provide you with a luxuriouse life for the entire year.

到一百萬元，足夠你全年的奢華生活。

Imagine if they beat the market by two or 3 percent, the difference would be massive.

試想一下，如果他們跑贏了市場兩三個百分點，那差額將是巨大的。

3.

3.

Vanguard - A convenient Way To Invest

Vanguard - 一種便捷的投資方式

So, the question is, where do you find ETFs or Mutual funds to invest in?

那麼，問題是，你到哪裡去找ETF或者互金來投資呢？

And that's where Vanguard comes into the picture.

而這就是萬家燈火的作用。

The Vanguard Group is a financial management company that has multiple ETFs and Mutual

Vanguard集團是一家金融管理公司，旗下擁有多隻ETF和互惠基金。

funds under their wing, with about $6.2 trillion in global assets under management.

旗下基金，管理的全球資產約6.2萬億美元。

They have ETFs that invest in bonds or different industries or mega-cap indexes such as companies

他們有投資於債券或不同行業或超大市值指數的ETF，如公司。

that have a market cap of over 200 billion dollars like MGC (mega cap ETF).

市值超過2000億美元的，如MGC（mega cap ETF）。

You can scroll down through their website and find out the right ETF or a mutual fund

你可以通過他們的網站向下滾動，找到合適的ETF或共同基金。

for you.

為你。

The famous ETF that invests in the top 500 US companies is VOO or S&P500 EFT that's currently

著名的投資於美國500強企業的ETF是VOO或S&P500 EFT，目前是

trading at around 313 dollars at the time of this script.

稿時交易價格在313美元左右。

Its assets worth almost 596 billion dollars with its top 10 investments representing 30

其資產價值近5960億元，前十大投資佔30

percent of its asset since most of them are tech companies such as facebook, amazon, apple,

佔其資產的%，因為其中大部分是facebook、亞馬遜、蘋果等科技公司。

and so on, which also makes it a slightly risky investment in the short run that's why

等，這也使得它在短期內的投資風險略大，這也是為什麼

Vanguard puts it at level 4 risk.

Vanguard將其列為4級風險。

Tech companies are quite volatile which means, they quite often either significantly rise

科技公司的波動性相當大，這意味著，他們經常要麼大幅上漲，要麼大幅下跌。

as they are doing now or dramatically drop.

像現在這樣或大幅下跌。

So if you are more of a short term investor, then it's probably not the best option for

所以，如果你更多的是一個短期投資者，那麼它可能不是最好的選擇。

you.

你。

It makes more sense if you are looking for ten years or more.

如果你要找十年以上的，那就更有意義了。

By the way, it has an expense ratio, but its really low, 0.03 percent, that's insignificant.

對了，它有一個費用率，但它的費用率真的很低，0.03%，那是微不足道的。

This particular ETF was created back in 2010 and since its incepction, it had an average

這隻ETF成立於2010年，自成立以來，它的平均收益率為1.5%。

rate of return of 14.7 percent.

回報率為14.7%。

That's incredibly high.

這是難以置信的高。

But you have to take into account that the last 10 years were the longest period of economic

但你要考慮到，過去10年是最長的一段經濟

expansion in the history of the US and tech companies that make up 30 percent of its portfolio

美國曆史上的擴張，科技公司佔其投資組合的30%。

skyrocketed in the last years.

在過去的幾年裡暴漲。

That's why it doesn't mean, its going to have the same rate of return for the next 10 years

這就是為什麼它並不意味著，它的未來10年的回報率是一樣的。

since if this ETF was created 3 years earlier, back in 2007, numbers were complete different

因為如果這個ETF在3年前，即2007年創建，數字是完全不同的。

because in 2008, we had a financial crisis the S&P500 was down by almost 50 percent.

因為在2008年，我們發生了金融危機，標普500指數下跌了近50%。

And financial crises happen every now and then.

而金融危機每時每刻都在發生。

Another ETF worth taking note is VTI or Total stock market ETF.

另一個值得注意的ETF是VTI或總股市ETF。

It's huge, with assets reaching almost a trillion dollars (974 billion).

它的規模很大，資產達到近萬億美元（9740億）。

Maybe because it was created back in 2001.

也許是因為它是2001年創建的。

So it has been around for almost 20 years; that's why it can give us a more accurate

所以，它已經存在了近20年；這也是為什麼它能給我們一個更準確的。

rate of return, which has been historically 7.8 percent.

回報率，歷史上一直是7.8%。

But Vanguard isn't the only financial management service company that provides such services.

但Vanguard並不是唯一一家提供此類服務的金融管理服務公司。

The market is filled with them.

市場上充斥著他們的身影。

Fidelity Zero Total Market index fund is an ETF that's provided by Fidelity Investment

富達零總市場指數基金是由富達投資提供的ETF

that also invests in S&P500 or Powershares QQQ by Invesco Capital management.

也投資於S&P500或Powershares QQQ的Invesco Capital management。

There are just so many of them that we can't cover here in this video.

只是有這麼多的人，我們不能在這裡覆蓋在這個視頻。

The question that most of you are wondering about is

大多數人都想知道的問題是......。

4.

4.

How can I buy a Vanguard ETF Stock ?

如何購買萬家ETF股票？

To invest in one of these ETFs, all you need is a broker.

要投資這些ETF，你只需要一個經紀人。

If you are in the US, you probably heard about Robinhood, for example.

如果你在美國，你可能聽說過Robinhood，例如。

This video is not sponsored by them, but because they are commission-free, it makes it easier

這個視頻不是由他們贊助的，但因為他們是免佣金的，所以它更容易。

for many to start.

對於很多人來說，開始。

But they aren't the only, you can use any other broker.

但他們不是唯一的，你可以使用任何其他經紀人。

But if you are not in the US, it doesn't matter, you can invest in these ETFs through almost

但如果你不在美國，也不要緊，你幾乎可以通過這些ETF進行投資

any broker in your city.

你所在城市的任何經紀人。

You just have to find one.

你只需要找到一個。

If you take a look at S&P500 rate of return for the last 90 years, it has been 9.8 percent.

如果你看一下S&P500過去90年的回報率，是9.8%。

That doesn't mean it's going to be like that forever, but 90 years is a long enough period

這並不意味著會永遠這樣，但90年已經足夠長了。

to assume that it will be around that number for the next few decades or so.

以為在未來幾十年左右的時間裡，它都會在這個數字左右。

If you have a full-time job or a business, it doesn't make sense to you to sit down and

如果你有一份全職工作或生意，你坐下來並沒有意義

analyse stocks every single day and find good investments.

每天分析股票，尋找好的投資。

You might not even know how to do that.

你可能都不知道怎麼做。

That's what makes ETFs so attractive.

這就是ETF的魅力所在。

It's a convenient way to invest, but before you through your money into any of these index

這是一個方便的投資方式，但之前，你通過你的錢到任何這些指數。

funds, be sure to research more about them because you are risking your money.

資金，一定要多研究它們，因為你的資金是有風險的。

Don't base your decision solely on a couple of videos you watched on YouTube but rather

不要僅僅根據你在YouTube上看的幾個視頻來做決定，而是要根據

understand the market.

瞭解市場。

And most importantly, make sure to give this video a thumbs up if you have enjoyed and

最重要的是，一定要對這個視頻豎起大拇指，如果你已經喜歡並

found it helpful most importantly.

覺得最重要的是有幫助。

And if you are new around here and want to know more about investing, then make sure

如果你是新來的，想了解更多關於投資的資訊，那麼一定要確保。

to subscribe and turn on your notifications.

訂閱並打開您的通知。

Thanks for watching and until next time.

謝謝你的觀看，直到下一次。