We're using the Academic Word List.

我們用的是《學術字表》。

You need to know these words if you're preparing for the IELTS or the TOEFL exam,

如果你正在準備雅思或托福考試，你需要知道這些單詞。

or just even for more sophisticated conversation,

甚至只是為了更復雜的對話。

even if you're not preparing for an exam.

即使你不準備考試。

These words are for intermediate students.

這些詞是為中學生準備的。

As we study the words and definitions, we're going to go to Youglish

在學習單詞和定義的同時，我們要去優衣庫看一看

so we can see lots of examples of these words being used in real life

所以我們可以看到很多這些詞在現實生活中使用的例子。

so you can better understand the meaning.

以便你能更好地理解其含義。

And don't forget, if you enjoy this video, or learn something new,

不要忘了，如果你喜歡這個視頻，或學習新的東西。

please like it and subscribe with notifications. It means a lot to me.

請喜歡它並訂閱通知。 這對我來說意義重大。

These are words you can expect to encounter on a daily basis in everyday life,

這些都是你在日常生活中每天都能遇到的詞語。

newspapers, on TV, and so on.

報紙、電視等。

You're going to learn, REALLY LEARN, 5 words today.

今天你要學習，真正的學習，5個字。

We're pulling words from Band 1 of the Academic Word list, in alphabetical order, this is the second five.

我們從學術單詞表的Band 1中抽出單詞，按字母順序排列，這是第二個五個。

And we're going to do something important here,

我們要在這裡做一些重要的事情。

we're going to give you the definition in English.

我們要給你英文的定義。

And then you'll hear examples in English.

然後你會聽到英文的例子。

So you'll learn this as an English word, not just as a translation of a word in your own language,

所以你會把這個作為一個英語單詞來學習，而不僅僅是作為自己語言中的一個單詞的翻譯。

and that will help you to think in English and integrate this word into your use of English.

而這將幫助你用英語思考，並將這個單詞融入到你的英語使用中。

Our first word is authority.

我們的第一個詞是權威。

Four syllables, second syllable stress, and we have a Flap T in there.

四個音節，第二個音節重音，我們有一個翻轉T在那裡。

Au-thor-ity.

Au-thor-ity。

Let's watch it up-close and in slow motion so we can really study the mouth movement.

讓我們近距離慢動作觀看，這樣才能真正研究出嘴巴的動作。

Authority. It's a noun, and it means power.

權力。這是一個名詞，是權力的意思。

The power to give orders, make decisions.

下達命令、做出決定的權力。

For example, the owner of company has the authority to hire and fire people.

比如，公司老闆有用人和解僱的權力。

The parents have the authority in the family.

父母在家庭中擁有權威。

They get to make the decisions.

他們可以做決定。

We decide when kids go to bed.

我們決定孩子什麼時候睡覺。

Power. It's also confidence.

權力。這也是信心。

When you know a lot about something, when you're respected in that field, you have authority.

當你對某件事情很瞭解，當你在那個領域受到尊重，你就有了權威。

He's the leading authority on penguins.

他是企鵝方面的權威。

He knows so much about them, we trust what he says about them. He's the leading authority.

他對他們的情況非常瞭解，我們相信他所說的關於他們的情況。 他是權威人士。

Or you could say, he's an authority on, with the preposition 'on'.

或者你也可以說，他是一個權威，用介詞 "上"。

He's an authority on penguins.

他是企鵝方面的權威。

An authority on penguins.

一位企鵝方面的權威人士。

He spoke with authority.

他說話很有權威。

That means, he had confidence that what he was saying

那就是說，他有信心他所說的話

would be trusted and that everyone would believe and respect these words.

會得到信任，每個人都會相信和尊重這些話。

He said it with authority.

他說得很權威。

It's power, it's confidence, but we also use it to refer to people who have authority.

是權力，是自信，但我們也用它來指有權力的人。

Have you ever noticed the word 'authority' used in the news?

你有沒有注意到新聞中的 "權威 "一詞？

Local authorities are investigating the issue.

當地政府正在調查這個問題。

This would probably mean police.

這可能是指警察。

He complained to the authorities about his neighbor's dog.

他向有關部門投訴他鄰居的狗。

Now, let's go to Youglish to look at some more sample sentences.

現在，讓我們去Youglish再看一些例句。

He said he has the authority, that is, he has the power to do something.

他說他有權力，即他有權力做一些事情。

The next sentence:

下一句話。

Is a real authority.

是一個真正的權威。

So, referring to the person.

所以，指的是人。

He IS an authority in a particular field.

他是某一領域的權威。

He is seen as one of the most knowledgeable people in the modern art scene.

他被看作是現代藝術界最有見識的人之一。

Our next sentence:

我們的下一句話。

May lack the authority.

可能缺乏權威。

That is, they may lack the power to do something.

也就是說，他們可能缺乏做事的能力。

Might want to do something but not be able to do it because of the laws.

可能想做一件事，但因為法律的原因，不能做。

The laws have not given that person or group the power to make that decision, the power to act.

法律並沒有賦予這個人或團體做出這個決定的權力，行動的權力。

They may lack authority.

他們可能缺乏權威。

The next sentence:

下一句話。

Question authority. Have you heard this before?

問題權威。你聽說過這個問題嗎？

It means to challenge the power of somebody.

它的意思是挑戰某人的權力。

Maybe to break the rules: challenge authority.

也許要打破規則：挑戰權威。

For example, a college professor is giving a lecture.

比如，一個大學教授在講課。

She's an authority on the subject.

她是這方面的權威。

A student might say, excuse me, I'm not sure that's right, have you thought about this?

學生可能會說，不好意思，我不知道這樣做對不對，你想過嗎？

Questioning authority.

質疑權威。

Some people would never do that, and some people think it's very important to do that.

有些人不會這麼做，有些人認為這麼做非常重要。

Question authority.

質疑權威。

Our next sentence:

我們的下一句話。

An authority on.

以下方面的權威：

Confidence, knowledge, believed to know a lot about something, respected in that way.

自信，知識，相信自己對某件事情很瞭解，受人尊敬，這樣。

An authority on youth culture.

一個青年文化的權威。

Knows a lot about that, her opinions and what she says about it is respected.

懂得很多，她的觀點和她說的都是尊重。

Authority.

權力：

I want to take a second to shout-out Cambly who is sponsoring this video.

我想花一秒鐘的時間來喊出Cambly誰是贊助這個視頻。

Cambly is a platform, it's an app, that you can use to connect directly with teachers

Cambly是一個平臺，是一個應用，你可以用它來直接和老師聯繫。

and they're offering you a free 15-minute, one-on-one lesson, Just use the code rachel-english.

他們為你提供了一個免費的15分鐘，一對一的課程， 只要使用代碼rachel -english。

I know some of you are here for test prep vocabulary learning.

我知道有些人是為了考前詞彙學習而來。

You can actually go to Cambly and search for a teacher who specializes in test prep.

其實你可以去康普利搜索一下專門的備考老師。

Type in the test that you're preparing for and you'll find teachers.

輸入你要準備的考試，你就能找到老師。

You can find teachers who are available right now.

你可以找到現在就有的老師。

You can read about them, see their rating, and take a lesson.

你可以看一下他們的資料，看看他們的評價，上一課。

If you find a teacher you love, they have deal for 43% off an annual lesson package,

如果你找到了你喜歡的老師，他們有優惠，年課包43%的折扣。

just use the code rachel-english10.

只要使用代碼rachel -english10。

Check them out, find a teacher to connect with,

看看他們，找個老師聯繫一下。

and thank you to Cambly for sponsoring this video.

並感謝Cambly贊助這個視頻。

Ok, we're going to move on to the next word, that is 'available'.

好了，我們要繼續說下一個詞，那就是 "可用"。

And to give you guys a heads up, we're looking at benefit, concept, and consistent next.

而且給大家提個醒，我們接下來要看效益、概念、一致。

Available. Just like 'authority' it's a four-syllable word, with second syllable stress,

可以使用。 就像'權威'一樣，它是一個四音節的詞，第二音節重音。

and we have a schwa in the first syllable. Uh, uh, uh, authority.

而我們的第一個音節有一個分音符。 呃，呃，呃，權威。

Uh, uh, uh, available.

呃，呃，呃，可用。

Do you hear how the rhythm is the same? Da-da-da-da.

你聽到了嗎？ 節奏是怎麼一樣的？噠-噠-噠-噠

Authority. Available.

權力。現有。

Let's watch this up-close.

讓我們近距離觀察一下。

It's an adjective. It means easy or possible to get, to find.

這是一個形容詞。 它的意思是容易或可能得到，找到。

Just before the big storm, emergency supplies were not available anywhere.

就在大風暴來臨之前，應急物資無處可尋。

It was not possible to find emergency supplies, they were all sold out.

找不到應急物資，都賣光了。

The opposite of available is 'unavailable'.

可用的反義詞是 "不可用"。

We also use it with people.

我們對人也用。

Someone is able to talk with someone, or meet with someone, or not.

有人能與人交談，或與人見面，或不與人交談。

I need to call my boss, but she's not available until after 2pm.

我要打電話給我的老闆，但她下午兩點以後才有空。

It's not possible to get her on the phone before that.

在此之前，不可能讓她打電話。

Hi, is Rachel there? Sorry, she's not available right now.

嗨，瑞秋在嗎？抱歉，她現在沒空。

It can also mean not being used, not occupied.

也可以是不使用、不佔用的意思。

If you're sitting at a conference and someone says, is that seat available?

如果你坐在會議上，有人說，那個座位有空嗎？

You can say, yes, it's available, you can sit here.

你可以說，是的，它是可用的，你可以坐在這裡。

Or, no, it's not available. My friend is sitting here. She's in the bathroom. Sorry.

或者說，不，沒有。我的朋友坐在這裡。她在浴室裡。對不起，我的朋友坐在這裡，她在浴室裡。

It also means free or ready to do something: I'm available to babysit most weekends.

它還意味著有空或準備做一些事情：我在大多數週末都可以做保姆。

That means I'm free. I would like to do that. I'm available.

這意味著我是自由的。我想這樣做。我是有空的。

And finally, we also use it to mean not involved in a romantic relationship.

最後，我們還用它來表示不涉及戀愛關係。

Your friend Jack is so cute. Is he available?

你的朋友傑克真可愛他有空嗎？

No, he's been dating someone for a long time.

不，他已經和別人約會很久了。

Possible. Free or easy to get.

可能的。免費或容易獲得。

For a person: able to speak with someone or do something with or for someone.

為人：能與人交談，或與人一起或為人做事。

Not occupied, like the chair, and not dating someone.

不被佔用，就像椅子一樣，也不和人約會。

Let's go to Youglish and check out some more sentences.

我們再去優衣庫看看一些句子吧。

Made benefits available.

提供了福利。

Made them easy or possible to get.

使他們容易或可能得到。

Our next sentence:

我們的下一句話。

And it is also available in 17 different languages.

而且它還提供17種不同的語言。

Available in 17 different languages – possible to get in 17 different languages.

可提供17種不同的語言---------------------------------------------------17種不同的語言。

Our next clip:

我們的下一個片段。

The teachers who are available.

有的老師。

That is, the teachers who are able to take on new students.

也就是能帶新學生的老師。

Our next clip:

我們的下一個片段。

When he's available, when the doctor is free to see patients, for what time can she make an appointment.

他什麼時候有空，醫生什麼時候有空給病人看病，什麼時間可以預約。

Oh, when is he available? Thursday next week?

哦，他什麼時候有空？下週四？

Available. Easy to get, free, not busy, not occupied.

有的。易得、免費、不忙、不佔。

Next is 'benefit'. Three syllables, first-syllable stress, be-ne-fit.

下一個是 "受益"。三個音節，第一音節重音，be-ne-fit。

Let's look up-close.

讓我們近距離看看。

Benefit. A noun: it's a good or helpful effect or result.

益處。名詞：是一種好的或有幫助的效果或結果。

One of the benefits of solar is lowering your energy bill.

太陽能的好處之一是降低你的能源賬單。

It's also something extra that an employer can offer in addition to salary.

這也是僱主在工資之外可以提供的額外的東西。

For example, the benefits at my new job are great: full health coverage, 401k, 6 weeks paid vacation.

例如，我新工作的福利很好：全額醫療保險、401k、6周帶薪休假。

It can also be a social event to raise money:

它也可以是一個社交活動來籌集資金。

We're having a benefit to raise money for the local homeless shelter.

我們要為當地的無家可歸者收容所籌款。

There's going to be dinner and dancing.

會有晚餐和舞蹈。

Have you ever heard the phrase 'the benefit of the doubt?'

你有沒有聽過 "疑罪從無 "這句話？

If someone gives you the benefit of the doubt, then they believe you in a given situation.

如果有人給你好處，那麼在特定情況下，他們就會相信你。

For example, some people think he's lying, but I'm giving him the benefit of the doubt.

比如說，有人認為他在撒謊，但我給他的好處是。

'Benefit' is also a verb, and it means to be helpful or useful.

'益'也是一個動詞，它的意思是有幫助或有用。

The new park really benefits the families in the neighborhood.

新公園真正惠及了附近的家庭。

How did you benefit from your experience at your last job?

你在上一份工作中的經歷讓你受益匪淺？

That means, what did your last job help you learn?

也就是說，你的上一份工作幫助你學到了什麼？

Benefit: a helpful result; something in addition to a salary in a job.

效益：一種有益的結果；在工作中除了工資以外的東西。

Now, let's go to Youglish for some more phrases.

現在，我們再去優衣庫找一些短語。

For the benefit of our viewers.

為了我們觀眾的利益。

A helpful result. The interviewer believes this man has experiences, ideas, opinions to share

一個有益的結果。面試官認為這個人有經驗、有想法、有觀點可以分享

that would benefit people watching. That would be helpful to them.

這將有利於人們觀看。那會對他們有所幫助。

Our next sentence:

我們的下一句話。

The enormous benefit. This partnership has been extremely helpful to them.

巨大的好處。這種夥伴關係對他們的幫助極大。

And our next sentence:

而我們的下一句話。

He's going to benefit from those decisions.

他將從這些決定中獲益。

He will have a positive impact from these decisions.

他將從這些決定中產生積極的影響。

Helpful, positive.

有幫助，積極。

And now, our next clip:

現在，我們的下一個片段。

The retirement plan.

終身俸計劃；

That is a benefit of some jobs. In addition to your wages, you might get a retirement plan.

這也是一些工作的好處。除了工資之外，你還可能得到一個退休計劃。

I hope this video benefits you in some way.

希望這段視頻能讓你受益匪淺。

Has a positive impact.

具有積極的影響。

Concept. A noun. Two syllables. Can you tell which syllable is stressed?

概念。一個名詞。兩個音節。你能看出哪個音節是重音嗎？

Concept. It's the first syllable.

概念。這是第一個音節。

Let's look up-close.

讓我們近距離看看。

An idea of what something is or how it works.

對某物是什麼或如何運作的想法。

Maybe someone is explaining a new invention to you and you say,

也許有人在向你解釋一項新發明，你說。

I get the concept.

我明白這個概念。

I have an idea of how it works. Or, she doesn't get the concept of how to write an essay.

我對它的工作原理有一個概念。或者，她不明白如何寫論文的概念。

She doesn't understand that you need an introduction, then a body, and a conclusion.

她不明白，你需要一個引子，然後是一個主體，還有一個結論。

She doesn't get the concept of how writing an essay works.

她不懂寫論文的概念。

Or maybe someone thinks they have a really great idea of a new way to approach nutrition in school cafeterias.

或者有人認為他們有一個非常好的想法，以一種新的方式來處理學校食堂的營養問題。

Someone could say, that's not a new concept.

有人會說，這不是一個新概念。

They've been doing that in Europe for years.

他們在歐洲已經這樣做了很多年。

That means it's not a new idea.

這意味著這不是一個新的想法。

Or maybe, if I like the way a history teacher explains something in a video, I might think,

或者說，如果我喜歡歷史老師在視頻中的解釋方式，我可能會思考。

I'm going to borrow that concept in my next video.

我打算在下一個視頻中借用這個概念。

Concept. An idea – what something is or how it works.

概念。一個概念--某物是什麼或如何運作。

Let's go to Youglish.

我們去優衣庫吧。

That idea was coupled with the concept.

這個想法加上概念。

That means paired together, with the idea of the free market.

這意味著搭配在一起，與自由市場的理念。

With an understanding of the free market and how it works. That concept.

隨著對自由市場及其運作方式的瞭解。這個概念。

Our next sentence:

我們的下一句話。

Consider a concept more broadly.

更廣泛地考慮一個概念。

That means take this idea, and how we think it works,

也就是說，把這個想法，以及我們認為它是如何運作的。

and ask ourselves to expand that, to look beyond how we think it works and ask ourselves:

並要求自己把它擴大化，超越我們認為的工作方式，問自己。

Could it work like this? Could it work like that?

能否像這樣工作？能不能像這樣工作？

Expand our concept of it.

拓展我們對它的概念。

The next sentence.

下一句話。

It's the same concept, but with lots of bells and whistles.

這是同樣的概念，但有很多的鐘聲和口哨。

It's the same idea, it works the same way, but with extra things.

同樣的想法，同樣的方法，但是多了一些東西。

'Bells and whistles' is an idiom, this means extra things, things you don't necessarily need,

'鐘鳴鼎食'是一個成語，這個意思是指額外的東西，你不一定需要的東西。

but some people might want.

但有些人可能想。

For example, a toaster.

比如說，麵包機。

I bought a toaster recently for my family, we hadn't had one before,

最近我給家裡買了一臺麵包機，我們以前沒有過麵包機。

and I couldn't decide, did I just want something basic and simple

我無法決定，我只是想要一些基本和簡單的東西。

or did I want one with more bells and whistles like a digital clock?

或者我想要一個更多的鐘聲和口哨聲，如數字時鐘？

I went with the simple one.

我選擇了簡單的那個。

Our next clip:

我們的下一個片段。

There was no concept of stopping bullying.

沒有停止欺凌的概念。

No idea about it – no one was considering it, or thinking about how that might work,

不知道--沒有人考慮過，也沒有人考慮過這樣做的可能性。

everyone was just accepting that it was okay, and that they didn't need to do anything about it.

每個人都只是接受它是好的，他們不需要做任何事情。

There was no concept of stopping it.

沒有阻止的概念。

And our last word, consistent. An adjective, three syllables with middle syllable stress.

而我們最後一個詞，一致。一個形容詞，三個音節，中間音節重音。

Make sure that first syllable doesn't even have a vowel in it. Kn. The N absorbs the schwa. Kn.

確保第一個音節裡連元音都沒有。Kn。N吸收了這個音節。Kn.

Consistent. Also notice I'm not releasing the T at the end. I'm not saying 'consistent'.

一致的。同時注意到我沒有在最後釋放T。我沒有說'一致'。

I'm saying 'consistent' and making that a stop. That's the most common pronunciation you'll hear.

我說的是 "一致"，而且是句號。這是你最常聽到的發音。

Let's watch this up-close.

讓我們近距離觀察一下。

If I wanted to give you a definition of just one word, it would be 'same'.

如果我想給你一個詞的定義，那就是 "一樣"。