My husband actually told me.

我老公居然告訴我。

Because he is friends with Ashton Kutcher.

因為他是艾什頓-庫徹的朋友。

So he actually told him like, “Oh, by the way, there these things called deepfakes

所以，他居然告訴他，"哦，順便說一下，有這些東西叫深層偽裝

and your wife is one of them."

而你的妻子就是其中之一。"

Deepfakes use machine learning to fabricate events that never happened

Deepfakes利用機器學習來編造從未發生過的事件。

like Bill Hader shape-shifting:

就像比爾-海德的變形。

And I said, “Seth Rogan was like, “It was amazing!

我說，"塞斯-羅根就像，"這是驚人的！"。

He has like, a bike track in his back yard!

他的後院裡有一條自行車道！

It's phenomenal.”

這是驚人的。"

And I did a Seth Rogan impression

我還模仿了塞斯-羅根

And it was like I did a magic trick, Tom Cruise was like, “Ahoooh!”

這就像我做了一個魔術，湯姆-克魯斯是這樣的，"Ahoooh！"

And there's growing concern that in the wrong hands this technology

越來越多的人擔心，在錯誤的人手中，這種技術。

“can pose a very real national security threat.”

"會對國家安全構成非常真實的威脅"

“could impact the 2020 election”

"可能影響2020年選舉"

“could become a real and present danger to our democracy, Dana.”

"可能會對我們的民主構成真正的威脅 Dana"

But the most pressing, daily threat of deepfakes isn't politics.

但是，最緊迫的、每天都在威脅著深交所的不是政治。

It's porn.

這是色情。

People are hijacking women's faces to make porn videos they never consented to be in.

人們劫持了女人的臉來製作她們從未同意的色情視頻。

Which is why this kind of deepfake is harmful, even when people know it's not real.

所以這種深度造假才是有害的，即使人們知道它不是真的。

I was just shocked.

我只是被嚇到了。

Because this is my face, it belongs to me!

因為這是我的臉，是屬於我的!

In a September 2019 survey, researchers at Deeptrace found that of the deepfake videos

在2019年9月的一項調查中，Deeptrace的研究人員發現，在深度假視頻中

they could identify online, 96% were pornographic.

他們可以在網上識別，96%是色情。

And that more or less 100% percent of these videos are women and are not consensual.

而這些視頻中，或多或少百分之百是女性，並不是自願的。

Pornhub and other big porn streaming sites have policies banning deepfakes,

Pornhub和其他大的色情流媒體網站都有禁止深扒的政策。

though they don't seem to be enforcing them.

雖然他們似乎沒有執行這些規定。

Mostly, these videos show up on separate sites dedicated to this kind of abuse.

大多數情況下，這些視頻會出現在單獨的網站上，專門針對這種虐待行為。

It's not just celebrities anymore.

不僅僅是名人了。

Not that celebrities feel any less pain from these videos.

並不是說名人從這些視頻中感受到的痛苦就少了。

But the phenomenon is evolving at a rate where we're seeing deepfake pornography increasing

但這種現象正在以一種速度發展，我們看到深層假色情的現象越來越多

in number and an increasing number of victims as well.

越來越多，受害者也越來越多。

I was at work and I got an email on my phone.

我正在上班，手機上收到一封郵件。

In fact, I can even bring up the email.

事實上，我甚至可以提起郵件。

25th of May, 4:18 p.m.

5月25日下午4時18分。

"F.Y.I. There is a deepfake video of you on some porn sites.

"F.Y.I.在一些色情網站上有你的深層偽造視頻。

It looks real."

它看起來很真實。"

I remember sitting down receiving that email.

我記得我坐下來收到那封郵件。

I think it was like you're frozen for that moment of time.

我想那一刻你就像被凍結了一樣。

It was depicting me having sexual intercourse, and the title of the video had my full name.

那是描寫我發生性關係的，視頻的標題有我的全名。

And then I saw another video that was depicting me performing oral sex.

然後我又看到了另一個視頻，是描述我進行口交的。

Noelle is an Australian law graduate.

Noelle是澳洲法律專業的畢業生。

She's not a celebrity.

她不是名人。

Someone took photos she shared on social media and first photoshopped them into nude images

有人將她在社交媒體上分享的照片，先是拍照合成為裸體圖片。

then graduated to deepfake videos.

然後畢業於深造視頻。

What's happening in these videos is a specific kind of digital manipulation,

這些視頻中發生的是一種特殊的數字操作。

and it's unlike older face-swapping filters you might have used.

而且它不像你可能用過的老式換臉濾鏡。

Those tools let you put your face into your friend's head, but you still controlled it

這些工具讓你把臉放到你朋友的頭上，但你還是控制了它。

-- a sort of video Photoshop --

-- 一種視頻Photoshop --

transferring both your facial features and your expressions.

轉移你的面部特徵和表情。

But deepfakes can take the facial features alone,

但深層的假面可以單獨拿下面部特徵。

and animate that face with the expressions of someone else.

並用別人的表情將這張臉生動化。

“Tom Cruise was like… Ahoooh!”

"湯姆-克魯斯就像..." "Ahoooh！"

This is what makes deepfake porn videos so invasive.

這就是深層假色情視頻的侵害性。

The creator takes away a victim's control of her own face

創造者剝奪了受害者對自己臉部的控制權。

and uses it for something she never wanted.

並用它來換取她不想要的東西。

Transferring a mask of someone's facial features requires training a piece of software

轉移一個人的面部特徵的面具需要訓練一個軟件。

called an “autoencoder” on hundreds of images of the same face from different angles

被稱為 "自動編碼器 "的數百張同一張臉從不同角度拍攝的影像。

and in different lighting with different expressions until it learns what they all have in common.

並在不同的燈光下用不同的表情，直到它瞭解到它們的共同點。

That volume of images has long been available of celebrities, but increasingly it exists of...

那一量的影像早已有了名人，但越來越多地存在於......

anyone.

任何人。

If you're someone not even with a very intense social media presence, but just a presence online,

如果你是一個連社交媒體都沒有非常激烈的存在，但只是在網上存在的人。

you have a few pictures.

你有一些圖片。

Maybe there's a video of you from a party or something like this.

也許有一個視頻 你從一個黨或類似的東西。

You have so many training images to take from that.

你有那麼多的訓練畫面可以借鏡。

At the moment, you do still need a fair bit of data to make a convincing deepfake.

目前，你確實還需要相當多的數據才能做出令人信服的深造。

But as the technology is improving, we're needing less data and the tools are becoming increasingly

但隨著技術的進步，我們需要的數據越來越少，工具也越來越多。

accessible and user-friendly.

容易獲得和方便用戶。

And there's a growing infrastructure for deepfakes.

而且深造的基礎設施也越來越多。

It's not just about posting videos, it's also about forums discussing how to make them,

不僅僅是發佈視頻，還可以在論壇上討論如何製作視頻。

how to target certain individuals.

如何針對某些人。

In fact, the term “deepfake” originated as the name of a subreddit for swapping

事實上，"深假 "一詞起源於一個交換的子reddit的名稱。

celebrity faces onto porn stars.

名人面孔到色情明星。

Reddit banned the page, but the conversation just moved to other sites.

Reddit禁止了這個頁面，但談話只是轉移到其他網站。

You have almost directories about, "Okay, you want to make a deepfake of a certain celebrity.

你有幾乎目錄，"好吧，你想對某位名人進行深層次的偽造。

Here are adult performers that will best suit that."

這裡有最適合的成人表演者。"

There's a lot of money to be made from selling custom deepfakes.

賣定製的深裝品，有很多錢可以賺。

Users pay for deepfakes of specific celebrities

用戶為特定名人的深扒付費

or even women they know personally.

甚至是自己認識的女性。

And they discuss whether all of this is legal.

他們還討論了這一切是否合法。

Some think they can protect themselves by identifying the videos as fake.

有的人認為，他們可以通過識別視頻是假的來保護自己。

But that's not true.

但這不是真的。

If you live in the US and someone makes porn with your face, you can sue the creator

如果你住在美國，有人用你的臉拍色情片，你可以起訴創作者。

whether or not they've marked it as a deepfake.

無論他們是否已經將其標記為深偽。

What is true is, it's very difficult to actually do that.

真實的情況是，要真正做到這一點非常困難。

You'd need to pay to bring a lawsuit, with no certainty you'd be able to secure a punishment

你要打官司就得花錢，還不一定能爭取到懲罰

or even find the creator, let alone stop the video from spreading.

甚至找到創作者，更不用說阻止視頻的傳播了。

Some people on these sites question the morality of what they're doing.

這些網站上的一些人質疑他們所做的事情的道德性。

And disagree about how they'd feel if it happened to them.

而不同意他們如果發生在自己身上會有什麼感受。

But it probably won't happen to them.

但這可能不會發生在他們身上。

That's the point.

這就是問題的關鍵。

Taking a woman's face and putting it into this context is part of a long history

把一個女人的臉放到這個背景下，是歷史的一部分。

of using sexual humiliation against women.

對婦女進行性羞辱；

You know, we're having this gigantic conversation about consent and I don't consent.

你知道，我們有這個巨大的談話 關於同意和我不同意。

So that's why it's not OK.

所以這就是為什麼不可以。

Even if it's labeled as, "this is not actually her."

即使它的標籤是，"這其實不是她"。

It's hard to think about that.

想一想都覺得難受。

This is probably one of the most difficult things because

這可能是最困難的事情之一，因為

fake porn and my name will be forever associated.

假色情片，我的名字將永遠聯繫在一起。

My children, my future children, will have to see things.

我的孩子們，我未來的孩子們，將不得不看到的東西。

My future partner will have to see things.

我未來的伴侶要看事情。

And that's what makes me sad.

這就是讓我傷心的原因。

I just, I wish that the Internet were a little bit more responsible and a little bit kinder.

我只是，希望網絡上的人多一點責任心，多一點善良。