no, I'm not wearing a dress,

各位要是在猜想我穿的是什麼...

and no, I'm not saying what I'm wearing underneath.

不，我穿的不是裙子，

(Laughter)

但，我也不會告訴各位 我裡面穿什麼。

This is a gho.

（笑聲）

This is my national dress.

這是「幗」。

This is how all men dress in Bhutan.

這是我們國家的傳統服飾。

That is how our women dress.

不丹的男人都是這樣穿，

Like our women,

我們的女人是這樣穿。

we men get to wear pretty bright colors,

我們男生穿的跟女生一樣，

but unlike our women,

服飾都相當亮眼，

we get to show off our legs.

但我們跟女生不同的地方是，

(Laughter)

我們可以炫耀一下美腿。

Our national dress is unique,

（笑聲）

but this is not the only thing that's unique about my country.

我們國家的傳統服飾相當獨特，

Our promise to remain carbon neutral is also unique,

但這不是我們國家唯一的特點。

and this is what I'd like to speak about today,

我們對「維持碳平衡」的承諾 也相當獨特，

our promise to remain carbon neutral.

而這就是我今天要談的事：

But before I proceed, I should set you the context.

我們對「維持碳平衡」的承諾。

I should tell you our story.

但在往下解釋之前， 我先跟各位介紹一下我國。

Bhutan is a small country in the Himalayas.

我想先說我們的故事。

We've been called Shangri-La,

不丹是在喜馬拉雅山上的一個小國家。

even the last Shangri-La.

我們被稱呼為「香格里拉」，

But let me tell you right off the bat, we are not Shangri-La.

甚至是世界上最後一個香格里拉。

My country is not one big monastery

但我要先說清楚，我們不是香格里拉。

populated with happy monks.

我們的國家不是一個

(Laughter)

開心和尚滿街跑的國家。

The reality is that there are barely 700,000 of us

（笑聲）

sandwiched between two of the most populated countries on earth,

真實的情況是， 我們國家不到 70 萬的人口，

China and India.

被夾在全球人口最多的兩個國家

The reality is that we are a small, underdeveloped country

中國和印度之間。

doing our best to survive.

真實的情況是， 我們是一個低度開發小國，

But we are doing OK. We are surviving.

盡我們所能的維持生存。

In fact, we are thriving,

但我們做的還不錯，我們存活下來了。

and the reason we are thriving is because we've been blessed

實際上，我們是興盛的，

with extraordinary kings.

我們興盛的原因是

Our enlightened monarchs have worked tirelessly

有英明的國王保佑著我們。

to develop our country,

我們英明的君王孜孜不倦地

balancing economic growth carefully

發展我們的國家，

with social development, environmental sustainability

小心翼翼地將經濟成長

and cultural preservation,

與社會發展、環境永續，

all within the framework of good governance.

以及文化保存維持平衡。

We call this holistic approach to development

全部都有一個很好的管理架構。

"Gross National Happiness," or GNH.

我們稱呼這個整體發展的成就

Back in the 1970s,

叫做「國民幸福總值」，簡稱GNH。

our fourth king famously pronounced that for Bhutan,

回到1970年，

Gross National Happiness is more important than Gross National Product.

我們第四任著名的國王 向不丹人民說明

(Applause)

國民幸福總值比國民生產總值重要。

Ever since,

（掌聲）

all development in Bhutan is driven by GNH,

自此之後，

a pioneering vision that aims to improve the happiness

所有不丹的發展 都以GNH為基礎，

and well-being of our people.

這個前衛遠見的宗旨

But that's easier said than done,

是促進人民幸福與福利。

especially when you are one of the smallest economies in the world.

但說比做容易，

Our entire GDP is less than two billion dollars.

特別是，當你只是全世界 最小的一個經濟體時。

I know that some of you here are worth more --

我們全國的國民生產總值不到20億美金。

(Laughter)

我知道在座有些人的財產比這多很多。

individually

（笑聲）

than the entire economy of my country.

個人賺的

So our economy is small,

甚至比我國加總起來還要多。

but here is where it gets interesting.

所以，我們的經濟體很小，

Education is completely free.

但這也是有趣的地方。

All citizens are guaranteed free school education,

我們的教育完全免費。

and those that work hard are given free college education.

全體人民享有免費的學校教育，

Healthcare is also completely free.

更努力工作的人享有免費的大學教育。

Medical consultation, medical treatment, medicines:

衛生保健也是完全免費。

they are all provided by the state.

看醫生、醫療、吃藥：

We manage this

全部由政府提供。

because we use our limited resources very carefully,

我們能夠做到這些，

and because we stay faithful to the core mission of GNH,

是因為我們很小心翼翼地 使用我們有限的資源，

which is development with values.

因為我們忠於GNH的核心任務，

Our economy is small, and we must strengthen it.

也就是有價值的發展。

Economic growth is important,

我們的經濟體小， 而我們必須強化它。

but that economic growth must not come from undermining our unique culture

經濟成長很重要，

or our pristine environment.

但經濟成長不能建立在 破壞我們的獨特文化

Today, our culture is flourishing.

或純淨的原始環境之上。

We continue to celebrate our art and architecture,

今日，我們的文化是繁榮的。

food and festivals,

我們會繼續歌頌我們的藝術和建築、

monks and monasteries.

食物和節日、

And yes, we celebrate our national dress, too.

僧侶和寺廟。

This is why I can wear my gho with pride.

當然，我們也會歌頌我們國家的服飾。

Here's a fun fact:

這就是為什麼 我很驕傲地穿著「幗」。

you're looking at the world's biggest pocket.

這裡有一件有趣的事實：

(Laughter)

你現在看到的是全世界最大的口袋。

It starts here,

（笑聲）

goes around the back,

口袋從這邊開始，

and comes out from inside here.

一直到後面，

In this pocket

然後，從這裡面出來。

we store all manner of personal goods

在口袋裡，

from phones and wallets

我們放進了所有的個人物品，

to iPads, office files and books.

從手機到皮夾，

(Laughter)

從iPad到辦公文件及書。

(Applause)

（笑聲）

But sometimes --

（掌聲）

sometimes even precious cargo.

但有時候──

So our culture is flourishing,

有時候甚至是我們珍貴的寶貝。

but so is our environment.

我們的文化是欣欣向榮的，

72 percent of my country is under forest cover.

我們的環境也是。

Our constitution demands that a minimum of 60 percent

我的國家72%被森林覆蓋。

of Bhutan's total land shall remain under forest cover

我們的憲法規定

for all time.

不丹至少有60%的土地 必須永遠維持森林覆蓋。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Our constitution,

我們的憲法，

this constitution,

這本憲法，

imposes forest cover on us.

將森林覆蓋強加在我們的土地上。

Incidentally, our king used this constitution

順便一提，我們的國王用這本憲法

to impose democracy on us.

將民主強加在我們身上。

You see, we the people didn't want democracy.

你看，我們的人民不想要民主。

We didn't ask for it, we didn't demand it,

我們不要求民主，我們不奢求民主，

and we certainly didn't fight for it.

我們更不會為民主而戰。

Instead, our king imposed democracy on us

反而是我們的國王堅持

by insisting that he include it in the constitution.

要在憲法裡面強加民主給我們。

But he went further.

但他更進一步。

He included provisions in the constitution

他在憲法裡面規定，

that empower the people to impeach their kings,

授權給人民可以彈劾他們的國王，

and included provisions in here that require all our kings to retire

更在憲法中規定，

at the age of 65.

我們的國王必須在65歲時退休。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Fact is, we already have a king in retirement:

事實上，我們已經有一個退休的國王：

our previous king, the Great Fourth,

我們的前國王，偉大的四世，

retired 10 years ago

10年前，

at the peak of his popularity.

在最受擁戴的時候退休。

He was all of 51 years at that time.

他在51歲時退位。

So as I was saying,

所以，就如我所說的，

72 percent of our country is under forest cover,

我們國家的森林覆蓋率為72%，

and all that forest is pristine.

所有的森林都是原始森林。

That's why we are one of the few remaining

所以我們是世上少數幾個

global biodiversity hotspots in the world,

仍保持生物多樣性的熱門景點，

and that's why we are a carbon neutral country.

而這就是為什麼我們 是碳平衡國家的原因。

In a world that is threatened with climate change,

在全球被氣候變化所威脅時，

we are a carbon neutral country.

我們仍是一個碳平衡國家。

Turns out, it's a big deal.

事實證明，這件事很不得了。

Of the 200-odd countries in the world today,

當今世界上的200多個國家，

it looks like we are the only one

看起來，只有我們是唯一一個

that's carbon neutral.

碳平衡的國家。

Actually, that's not quite accurate.

實際上，這樣形容不太準確。

Bhutan is not carbon neutral.

不丹不是碳平衡國家。

Bhutan is carbon negative.

不丹是碳負數的國家。

Our entire country generates 2.2 million tons of carbon dioxide,

我們整個國家每年產出 220萬噸的二氧化碳，

but our forests, they sequester more than three times that amount,

但我們的森林隔絕了超過三倍的總量，

so we are a net carbon sink

所以我們是一個

for more than four million tons of carbon dioxide each year.

每年超過400萬噸的二氧化碳淨碳槽。

But that's not all.

但不僅如此。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

We export most of the renewable electricity

我們還可以出口大部分

we generate from our fast-flowing rivers.

從湍急河流生產出來的再生能源電力。

So today, the clean energy that we export

所以現今，我們出口的乾淨能源

offsets about six million tons of carbon dioxide in our neighborhood.

為我們的鄰居抵銷了 大約600萬噸的二氧化碳。

By 2020, we'll be exporting enough electricity

在2020年前，我們將出口足夠的電力，

to offset 17 million tons of carbon dioxide.

來抵銷1700萬噸的二氧化碳。

And if we were to harness even half our hydropower potential,

如果我們能利用至少 一半的水力發電潛力，

and that's exactly what we are working at,

那也是我們正在努力的地方，

the clean, green energy that we export

我們出口的乾淨綠色能源，

would offset something like 50 million tons of carbon dioxide a year.

將每年可以抵消將近 5000萬噸的二氧化碳。

That is more CO2 than what the entire city of New York generates in one year.

這個數字比紐約整個城市 一整年產出的二氧化碳還要多。

So inside our country, we are a net carbon sink.

所以，對內，我們國家本身就是一個淨碳槽。

Outside, we are offsetting carbon.

對外，我們還能幫助其它國家減碳。

And this is important stuff.

這是很重要的事情。

You see, the world is getting warmer,

你看，地球逐漸暖化，

and climate change is a reality.

而氣候變化也是事實。

Climate change is affecting my country.

氣候變化正在影響我的國家。

Our glaciers are melting,

我們的冰川正在融化，

causing flash floods and landslides,

造成瞬間的洪水與山崩，

which in turn are causing disaster and widespread destruction in our country.

這些都造成了災害， 而且大範圍地重創我們的國家。

I was at that lake recently.

我最近到這湖邊。

It's stunning.

場景真的令人觸目驚心。

That's how it looked 10 years ago,

這是它10年前的景色，

and that's how it looked 20 years ago.

這是它20年前的景色，

Just 20 years ago, that lake didn't exist.

才20年前，那個湖根本不存在啊！

It was a solid glacier.

它是固態的冰川。

A few years ago, a similar <