Name: 反社會人格 vs 精神病！原來差別有這些！ (Sociopath vs Psychopath - What's The Difference?)
Uploaded: 2025-05-18T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 8 min 9 s
Description: 【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。學這些英文用法：精神病,患者,差別,社會

Would you do just about anything to get what you want?

你會為了得到想要的東西, 不惜一切代價嗎？

If you answered "yes" to all of these questions, you might want to consult a professional who can determine if you are a sociopath or a psychopath.

若你的回答都是肯定的, 你可能需要諮詢專業人士, 他們能判斷你是社會病態者, 還是精神病態者。

Both sociopaths and psychopaths share 3 common traits suggested by the questions above: conceitedness, deceitfulness, and manipulation largely unchecked by moral conscience.

社會病態者和精神病態者有三個共同點：幾乎不受道德良心約束的自負、欺騙和操縱心態。

Some experts think that sociopathy and psychopathy are the same, and group them together under the diagnostic term antisocial personality disorder or APD, while others argue that there are significant differences between the two mental disorders.

有些專家認為社會病態與精神病態一樣, 並將它們歸類於反社會人格障礙症(APD)；有些專家則認為這兩種精神障礙症有顯著的差異。

We'll examine some of these differences in this episode of The Infographics Show "Sociopath vs. Psychopath" .

我們在本集 Infographic Show 中將探討社會病態者和精神病態者的差異。

The outward behavior that sociopaths and psychopaths display can be as different as night and day.

社會病態者和精神病態者的外顯行為截然不同, 如黑夜與白晝。

Sociopaths are more impulsive and irresponsible than psychopaths.

社會病態者比精神病態者更衝動、更不負責任。

As psychologist Scott Bonn notes, sociopaths tend to "live on the fringes of society" .

心理學家 Scott Bonn 指出, 社會病態者往往生活在社會邊緣。

They often can't hold down a job for long and can't settle down in one place.

他們通常沒有穩定的工作且常常居無定所。

They may travel extensively, but they are not sightseers.

他們可能經常旅行, 卻不是觀光客。

If they can't find legitimate work to pay for whatever they need, they may do shady things like lie, cheat, and steal from people along the way.

若找不到合法的工作支付生活開銷, 他們就可能採取陰險的手段, 如撒謊、作弊和偷竊。

Renowned con-man Charles Ponzi lived in this manner.

惡名昭彰的詐欺犯 Charles Ponzi 正是用這種方式維生。

Ponzi immigrated from Italy to America in 1903.

1903年, Ponzi 從義大利移民到美國。

He supposedly said, "I landed in this country with $2.50 in cash and $1 million in hopes, and those hopes never left me."

據稱, 他曾說：「我帶著2.5美元現金和百萬美元的夢想來到這個國家, 這個夢想一直都沒變。」

According to the New England Historical Society, $2.50 was all that he had left after having gambled and drunk away most of the $200 he had with him on board the ship taking him to America.

根據新英格蘭歷史協會, 他在前往美國的船上賭博, 而他攜帶的200美元被他喝到只剩2.5美元。

After arriving in Boston, he spent several years working odd jobs in the Northeast.

抵達波士頓後, 他花了幾年的時間在美國東北部到處打零工。

Described by one article as an alleged sociopath, he led a life of lies that was all about tricking rich people into investing in sham corporations.

有一篇文章稱他為所謂的社會病態者, 他終其一生都在說謊, 欺騙富人投資於空頭公司。

His International Reply Coupon scheme was one where he used money from investors to pay other investors, a form of fraud that became known as the Ponzi scheme.

他的國際回信郵票券騙局就是一例, 他用投資者的錢支付其他投資者, 後來這種詐欺形式被稱為龐式騙局。

According to biography.com, Ponzi spent 14 years in prison for his crime.

根據biography.com, Ponzi 因其罪行被監禁了14年。

He was deported to Italy after being released from prison and ended up dying in Rio de Janeiro in 1949.

他出獄後被遣返至義大利, 並於 1949 年在里約熱內盧過世。

In contrast, psychopaths have more self-control and are more calculating than sociopaths.

相較之下, 精神病態者比社會病態者更有自制力、更精於算計。

They blend into society more effectively than sociopaths because, as Bonn points out, they are often well educated and hold steady jobs.

他們比社會病態者更擅於融入社會, 因為正如 Bonn 所述, 他們通常受過良好的教育並有穩定的工作。

Not all psychopaths are violent or a threat to society, and some manage to channel their need to control others into gainful employment.

並非所有的精神病態者都有暴力傾向或對社會有威脅, 其中有些人能將控制他人的慾望轉化為就業成就。

They gravitate toward positions of authority and jobs requiring objective analysis and decision-making.

他們偏好管理職位, 以及需要客觀分系和決策能力的工作。

According to a TIME article, some professions with the most psychopaths include CEOs, lawyers, surgeons, and police officers.

根據時代雜誌的一篇文章, 精神病態者最多的職業包括執行長、律師、外科醫師和警察。

Oddly enough, chefs and salespeople also made the list.

奇怪的是, 廚師和銷售人員也榜上有名。

Sociopaths have a slight edge over psychopaths when it comes to establishing meaningful relationships.

在建立有意義的人際關係方面, 社會病態者比精神病態者略勝一籌。

According to Bonn, it is difficult but not impossible for sociopaths to form attachments with others.

Bonn 指出, 社會病態者難以與他人建立依附關係, 但也並非不可能。

They are capable of empathy in certain limited circumstances but not in others and with a few individuals but not others.

在特定情況之下, 他們僅會對少數人產生同理心。

Gary Ridgway is a good example of the sociopath's limited ability to feel empathy and form emotional attachments.

Gary Ridgway 就是一個很好的例子, 證實了社會病態者萌生同理心和建立情感依附關係的能力有限。

Between 1982 and 2001, he murdered at least 49 women in Washington state, according to biography.com.

根據 biography.com, 從 1982 年到 2001 年, 他在華盛頓州謀殺了至少49名女性。

One article reports that his victims were prostitutes and young runaways.

根據一篇文章的報導, 他的受害者為妓女和年輕的逃亡者。

After killing them, Ridgway often returned to his dumping grounds to have sex with his victims' corpses.

殺死他們之後, Ridgway 經常會回到他丟棄屍體之地, 與受害者的屍體發生性關係。

He also dumped some of their bodies in the Green River, which earned him the name the Green River Killer.

他也把一些受害者屍體扔入綠河, 從而獲得綠河殺手的稱號。

While Ridgway committed 4 of these horrible crimes, he was married to his third wife, Judith Ridgway.

Ridgway 犯下其中4起恐怖罪行的同時, 娶了他的第三任妻子 Judith Ridgway。

Although he targeted prostitutes because of his hate for them, he loved his wife and had a good relationship with her.

基於厭惡, 他鎖定的目標皆為妓女, 但他深愛他的妻子, 而且他們的感情很好。

In an interview 6 years after her husband went to prison, Judith Ridgway still had trouble believing that her husband was a serial killer.

在丈夫入獄6年後的某個採訪中, Judith Ridgway 表示她仍然難以相信她的丈夫是一個連環殺手。

She described their life together as loving and content.

她形容他們的生活充滿愛與滿足感。

She said, "He made me feel like a newlywed every day".

她說：「他讓我感到我們每天都像新婚夫妻。」

However, she had to face the truth about what her husband had done after she and the police discovered evidence linking him to some of the murdered prostitutes.

然而, 在她和警方發現了丈夫謀殺妓女的相關證據之後, 她不得不面對真相。

She divorced Gary Ridgway after 16 years of marriage and has no contact with him today.

她與 Gary Ridway 離婚, 結束16年的婚姻, 至今沒有聯繫。

She told the interviewer, "I loved the man I knew, and I hate the man who took him away" .

她告訴採訪者：「我深愛我熟識的那個男人, 卻痛恨奪走他的那個男人。」

In contrast, psychopaths are "unable to form emotional attachments or feel real empathy with others," according to Bonn.

They know they should be feeling something, but they don't feel anything.

In his 1941 book called "The Mask of Sanity," a psychiatrist named Hervey Cleckley provided some insight into the mind of a psychopath when he wrote that "Beauty and ugliness — except in a very superficial sense — goodness, evil, love, horror, and humor have no actual meaning, no power to move him."

This makes psychopaths capable of hurting others without any guilt or remorse.

Bonn states that psychopathy is the "most dangerous of all antisocial behaviors" because psychopaths can "dissociate emotionally from their actions, regardless of how terrible those actions may be."

Psychopaths try to compensate for this impairment by being what a WebMD article calls "skilled actors."

They are charming and persuasive, and they're capable of faking emotions they can't feel.

Notorious cult leader Jim Jones revealed his psychopathic mission to play whatever role was necessary to win trust and manipulate others when he said, "What you need to believe in is what you see."

"If you see me as your friend, I'll be your friend."

"If you see me as your father, I'll be your father, for those of you that don't have a father."

"If you see me as your savior, I'll be your savior."

"If you see me as your God, I'll be your God."

A skilled orator, Jones combined idealistic rhetoric and overt and subtle coercion to condition his followers to commit suicide by drinking a Kool-Aid type drink laced with cyanide and Valium upon his command according to biography.com.

Another way psychopaths attempt to relate to others is to create a veneer of social respectability to hide their dark side and any sinister behavior resulting from it.

This is an especially common strategy of psychopathic serial killers like John Wayne Gacy.

A summary of his court case noted his double life.

“Evidence showed that the defendant led a double life, engaging in charitable and political activities at the same time he was committing a series of sadistic torture murders.

He enticed many young men to his home for homosexual liaisons, tying or handcuffing his partners then strangling or choking them.

Gacy was a successful contractor, was active in the community, and often dressed up as a clown for parties."

Bonn states that different factors cause people to become sociopaths and psychopaths.

Some researchers think that sociopathy arises from childhood abuse and trauma.

It is a "learned" behavior arising from circumstance.

This is why sociopaths still maintain some moral conscience, some empathy, and some ability to form emotional attachments, although they're all weak.

However, research suggests that psychopathy has a largely genetic component to it.

Bonn notes that psychopathy "is related to a physiological defect that results in the underdevelopment of the part of the brain responsible for impulse control and emotions."

Another report states that "brain scans of people with APD have shown low activity in areas related to empathy, morality, and self-control."

According to Psychologia, sociopaths make up 4% of the general population, while psychopaths make up about 1%.

However, these percentages are equivalent to millions of people, so it is quite possible that you might meet a sociopath or psychopath one day.

Have you ever met a sociopath or psychopath?

Also, be sure to check out our other video called "Signs That You Are A Genius!"

Thanks for watching, and, as always, don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.