allowance, would you still choose to have a job?

你還會找工作嗎？

Okay, imagine this: You're lying on a beach one day, it's very pleasant!

**廣告**

And you overhear a conversation between a tourist and a local fisherman.

好的，請想像一下舒爽的躺在沙灘

“Why are you here relaxing, when you could be out catching fish?”

不小心聽到旅客和漁夫對話

“I caught enough this morning to last me two days, so wanted to lie back and enjoy

「你幹嘛不去抓魚在這邊耍廢？」

the day.”

「早上抓到兩天份的魚，今天爽一下不行嗎？」

“But if you work more, then you can sell the extra fish you catch.

「辛苦一下你可以賣更多錢啊！」

Then soon you could buy a motor, and a second boat, and maybe one day a whole factory, or

「以後就能買個汽艇、船，甚至大工廠、

a restaurant, and a helicopter!” “and then what?”

五星級飯店，或直升機！」

"then, without a care in the world, you could sit here in the harbour, doze in the sun,

「然後勒？」

and look at the glorious sea."

「然後就能瀟灑隱世，享受陽光、海灘啊！」

"But I'm already doing that!”

「那不就是我現在在做的？！」

And you realise that the tourist and the fisherman have pretty different ideas about why we work.

你發現漁夫、旅客對於「為什麼工作」有不同看法

In part, we work so that we can put food on the table, have a roof over our heads, and

其實我們工作一部分是為了豐衣足食

clothes to wear.

但顯然不只如此

But that's not all there is to it.

不然我們會像漁夫一樣：工作只為了滿足基本需求

If it was, we would all view work like the fisherman does - just as a way to fulfil our

美國心理學家 巴瑞˙許瓦 說我們面對工作的態度錯了

basic needs.

他覺得這是經濟學之父 亞當˙斯密 的錯

American psychologist Barry Schwartz says that the way we think about work is broken.

亞當 相信人性懶惰－－我替他道個歉

And he blames the founding father of economics - Adam Smith.

他相信，唯有錢能使人奮發

Smith believed that humans were inherently lazy – sorry everyone! – and the only

他的理論影響了後世的觀念：

way to get people to work was to pay them.

「工作就是為了錢錢呀~！！\(>皿

This is the assumption that underlies how we think of work - just working for the man

但 許瓦 說，這種觀念在社會根深蒂固

to bring home the bacon!

讓人忘記工作的其他意義

But Schwartz argues that it has created a system where the emphasis on financial rewards

導致生產力下降、和內在的缺憾

stops people from finding other meaning in their work - a situation that leads to lost

你看我們花了多少時間幻想不用工作！

productivity, and discontent.

製作搞笑動圖、影片、圖片，有：

Think about how much time we spend wishing we weren't at work!

「星期一症候群」、

There's a GIF, meme and e-card for everything from Mondayitis to 3:30-itis, hump day and

「下午三點症候群」、

TGIF.

「再撐一天！」、

I must admit, I've tweeted the TGIF one before.

「星期五的表情」

But we also know that money isn't the only thing that motivates us.

我承認我也分享過「星期五的表情」好嗎

We do lots of work that we don't get paid for - chores around the house, looking after

總之錢不是我們工作的唯一動機

kids, playing music or helping friends.

我們也做很多無薪工：

In most cases, you're intrinsically motivated to do these things - rather than extrinsically

打掃、看孩子、玩音樂，或幫朋友忙

motivated by a wage.

這些大部分是你發自內心做的，而不是因為有錢領

In fact, some studies have shown that money can actually be a demotivator.

其實有些研究顯示，錢反而會造成反效果

In 1971, American psychologist Edward Deci conducted a study with two groups of college

1971年，美國心理學家 愛德華˙德希 研究兩組大學生

students.

其中一組用錢激勵去解謎，另一組則沒有錢激勵

He offered one group a financial incentive to work on a puzzle, while a control group

德希 發現沒金援的組別更有興趣、願意花更多時間解謎

wasn't paid to work on the task.

作家 丹尼˙平 依此發展出「動機三要素」

Deci observed that the people who were given no financial incentive spent longer on the

他認為當人不再為經濟所困擾

puzzles and showed more interest in solving them.

三件事激勵我們

Author Daniel Pink built on Deci's work to develop the “motivation trifecta”.

自主感：能掌握身邊大小事

He argues that once we are paid enough money that financial worries are off the table,

精進感：不斷的成長進步

three things motivate us:

意義：追求事物背後的道理

Autonomy - to feel as if we have control over things; Mastery - the feeling of getting better

不是要強迫大家做義工，有些人能從工作中找到意義

at something; and Purpose - finding deeper meaning behind what we do.

有個研究訪問醫院清潔工，他們說

But that doesn't mean we all have to work for a charity – some people find their own

自己最重要的作用是化解病人煩憂、愉悅病患家屬

purpose in their work.

這和職位內容毫無關聯

In one study, hospital janitors were interviewed about their job and they identified the importance

大多卻認為這是其中最棒的任務

of their presence to comfort and entertain patients and families.

那如果我們能從工作找到意義，就萬夫莫敵了嗎？

Although this wasn't at all a part of their position description, many said it was their

我們會神奇的掌握大局、產能暴增、內在充實嗎？

favourite part of they did.

有可能，就看我們自己怎麼看待工作

So if we could all find meaning in our work, would we be unstoppable?

心理學家提出三種看待工作的方式：

Would we be miraculously in control, productive and fulfilled?

「責任」、「生涯」、「天職」

Well, perhaps it depends on our individual approach to work.

你可能想把工作當成責任就好了

Psychologists have proposed there are three distinct ways people approach their work:

其他興趣另外再說

As a Job - as a career - or as a calling

或者你想隨之成長、成就非凡

So maybe you're happy with your job being just a job.

或者你把工作當成聖旨，你是為此夢想而生的

And it allows you to do the other things that you enjoy.

不論你怎麼看，從工作中找到意義

Maybe you want to grow and achieve great things in your career.

可能減輕你每星期一早上的一點

Maybe you see your work as a calling - a passion you were born to do.

床上掙扎

But regardless of how you see it - finding your purpose at work might just help to make

可能啦

those Monday mornings a little less of

**廣告**

a struggle.

V女神大好！

Just maybe.