But not everything they thought has stood the test of time.

但並非他們所有的想法都經得起時間的考驗。

Here are five of their most absurd pieces of wisdom.

以下有五則他們最荒謬的思想。

Number one.

第一。

"If a woman says no she means yes." - Ovid

「女人說不要就是要。」- 奧維德。

A highly damaging piece of advice from the Latin poet Ovid's Guide to Love.

拉丁詩人奧維德的愛情指南中非常糟糕的一則建議。

"Women act coy," he maintained "and may even put up a fight, but secretly they want to be overcome in battle."

「女人很不坦率，」他認為，「可能挑起爭端，但暗自希望在戰中被攻克。」

Now to women today, especially in the era of #MeToo, it's pretty abhorrent.

對現今女性，尤其在 #MeToo 的時代，這個想法很可惡。

In fact, the poem from which this piece of advice comes actually helped to land Ovid in exile for being so sexually explicit.

事實上，這則建議所出自之詩讓奧維德因過於露骨而被流放。

Two.

第二。

"Dark skinned men produce black semen." - Herodotus

「黑皮膚的男人會製造出黑色的精液。」- 希羅多德。

Herodotus - the so called father of history - believed this to be true, both of Ethiopians and certain Indians.

希羅多德 - 大家所稱的歷史之父 - 對此深信不疑，衣索比亞和特定印地安人都是。

To modern eyes it may look racist.

依現在的觀點可能有點種族主義。

But to him it was little more than a curiosity worthy of note.

但對他來說就是個值得注意的新奇事物。

He did not provide a source for this nugget, apparently believing it to be true simply on logical grounds.

他並沒有提供這則奇聞的來源，顯然單純因邏輯推理而相信這是對的。

Perhaps he thought it was one of those "Well I never" anecdotes that would enliven his histories of Greece's wars against Persia.

也許他認為這是讓他的波希戰爭歷史更活躍的其中一個「噢我從來不知道」的軼事。

Three.

第三。

Aristotle. [Women are incomplete men.]

亞里士多德：「女人是不完整的人。」

Together with Plato, Aristotle was the most influential philosopher from antiquity.

與柏拉圖齊名， 亞里士多德是古代最具影響力的哲學家。

He wrote on everything, from drama to animals.

任何事物都是他的寫作題材，從戲劇到動物。

But he did entertain some rather peculiar ideas about biology.

但他對生物學抱有一些頗為奇特的想法。

He saw men and women as completely different.

他將男女視為截然不同的。

Men were hot and dry.

男人熱且乾。

Women were cold and wet.

女人冷又濕。

If reproduction happens properly, he thought, then the embryo should be male, like its father.

他認為如果繁殖發生得適當，那麼胚胎應為男性，如同它的父親。

A daughter is the result of a man's semen being too weak to overpower a woman's reproductive matter.

女兒是男人的精液太虛弱無法壓倒女人的生殖問題所產出的結果。

Four.

第四。

"Women who see monkeys during intercourse, bear children who resemble monkeys." -Soranus.

「懷孕期間看到猴子的女人，生出的小孩也長得像猴子。」- 索蘭納斯。

A medical marvel from Soranus - a doctor of the Roman Empire.

羅馬帝國的醫生 - 索蘭納斯的一則醫學奇聞。

His thinking is that you can inherit not just the physical characteristics of your parents, but even the thoughts they had when they were actually conceiving you.

他的想法是你可以遺傳到不只是父母的身體特徵，甚至連他們在懷胎期間的思想也可以。

Soranus thought it particularly important that a woman be sober during sex just in case she conceived a deranged child.

索蘭納斯認為女人在性愛中應保持清醒，以免生出精神錯亂的孩子，這點尤其重要。

He also advised her against picturing monkeys or other animals in case the child came out looking like one.

他也建議女性不要拍攝猴子或其他動物的照片，以免生出的小孩長得像動物。

Far better to picture a statue so that the child might have long graceful limbs, but hopefully not be too rigid and cold.

拍攝雕像好多了，如此小孩可能有修長優雅的四肢，但希望不要太僵硬冰冷。

Five.

第五。

"Beware the fifth day of the month, it is dreadful" - Hesiod

「每月五號是糟糕的日子，要注意。」- 海希奧德。

In the 7th Century BC, a poet called Hesiod composed a poem on the farmer's year.

在西元前 7 世紀，一位名為海希奧德的詩人創作了一首關於農民一年的詩。

He believed that some days of the month were more suitable for some tasks than others, and endeavoured to give land owners the best possible advice.

他相信每月當中有一些日子是比其他天更適合做某些工作的，並努力地給予地主們最好的建議。

Fifth days struck him as peculiarly threatening.

每月五號令他覺得尤其危險。

Hesiod's misgivings haven't stood the test of time.

海希奧德的擔憂並未經起時間的考驗。

But perhaps in the future people will look back on us and laugh for us finding Friday the 13th so unlucky.

但也許在未來人們會回顧我們並取笑我們認為十三號星期五不幸之說。

Thanks for watching.

感謝收看。

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別忘了訂閱並開啟小鈴鐺收到新影片通知。

See you again soon!

我們很快再見！