But hidden in the kitchen of MIT's Media Lab is, perhaps,

但是藏在麻省理工學院媒體的廚房裡 實驗室也許是

my favorite MIT invention: the FoodCam.

我最喜歡的麻省理工學院發明：FoodCam。

Okay, so it may not look like much but it's actually quite brilliant.

好吧，看起來可能不太像，但是 其實相當輝煌。

Let's say you have some leftover food.

假設您有一些剩菜。

You put it under the camera and you hit the button.

您將其放在相機下方，然後按 按鈕。

FoodCam posts a photo to Twitter, Slack, and a mailing list.

FoodCam將照片發佈到Twitter，Slack和 郵件列表。

All with a simple message: Come and get it!

都帶有一條簡單的消息：快來獲取！

It looks like a pretty good box of donuts.

看起來像一盒不錯的甜甜圈。

Yes.

是。

It looks yummy under FoodCam.

在FoodCam下看起來很好吃。

It does.

是的

Getting the food can actually be pretty competitive.

獲得食物實際上可以具有很大的競爭力。

By the time we got here, just 30 seconds after it was placed,

等到我們到達這裡時，才30秒 它被放置了，

the whole building had swarmed and all the pizza was gone.

整座建築已經蜂擁而至， 披薩不見了。

There's a mad rush of people that come from, like,

瘋狂的人湧入， 喜歡，

every entryway in here to get the pizza.

這裡的每個入口都會得到披薩。

So you got to kind of move pretty quickly.

因此，您必須很快採取行動。

Yeah, it's a game — it's like the Hunger Games.

是的，這是一個遊戲-就像飢餓 遊戲。

Where...

哪裡...

Will and Jon invented the FoodCam all the way back in 1999.

威爾和喬恩發明了FoodCam 早在1999年

This was before Facebook.

這是在Facebook之前。

Before Gmail.

在Gmail之前。

Before social media as we know it.

在我們知道的社交媒體之前。

The idea came from a building-wide leftovers problem.

這個想法來自整個建築物的剩餘物 問題。

And in some ways, this simple invention gets at the big problem of food waste.

在某些方面，這個簡單的發明 在食物浪費的大問題上。

I mean that's sort of the serious part of what you have done, really, right?

我的意思是，這是 你做了什麼，真的，對嗎？

There is no doubt that this completely helped reduce food waste at the lab.

毫無疑問，這完全有幫助 減少實驗室的食物浪費。

Almost all of the catering people know that if they have spare food from their event,

幾乎所有餐飲人士都知道 如果他們在活動中有多餘的食物，

they can just hit the button and people will consume that food.

他們只要按一下按鈕，人們就會 食用那食物。

And those are not even Media Lab events that are now fueling the FoodCam.

那些甚至不是媒體實驗室的事件 現在正在為FoodCam加油。

When we picture the stuff that's hurting our planet, what do we think of?

當我們想像傷害的東西時 我們的星球，我們怎麼看？

We think of, like, smokestacks, cars, oil spills.

我們想到的像煙囪，汽車，石油 溢出。

We don't really think about all the food we throw away.

我們真的沒有考慮所有的食物 我們扔掉。

In the US, roughly 40% of the food we produce never gets eaten.

在美國，我們生產的食物大約有40％ 永遠不會被吃掉。

That's over 365 million pounds of food each day.

每個食物超過3.65億磅 天。

While that's happening, about one in eight Americans

在這種情況下，大約八分之一 美國人

still don't have a steady supply of food to their tables.

仍然沒有穩定的食物供應 到他們的桌子上。

And all of this wasted food is a huge contributor to climate change.

所有這些浪費的食物都是巨大的貢獻 應對氣候變化。

If global food waste were a country,

如果全球的食物浪費是一個國家，

it would be the third largest emitter of greenhouse gases,

它將是溫室的第三大排放者 氣體

just behind China and the United States.

在中國和美國之後。

So it really is an enormous problem and one of the easiest ways

所以這確實是一個巨大的問題， 最簡單的方法

to address climate change.

應對氣候變化。

It takes a ton of resources to produce food.

生產糧食需要大量資源。

On top of that,

最重要的是，

you have all of the energy it takes to keep it cold and transport it around the country.

您擁有保持所需的所有精力 冷藏並運輸到全國各地。

And when food decomposes, it isn't just stinky.

當食物分解時，不只是 臭

It releases potent greenhouse gases.

它釋放強大的溫室氣體。

Basically,

基本上，

we're trashing our planet to grow food that no one eats.But here's the thing: No one

我們正在浪費我們的星球來種植食物 沒有人吃飯。但是這是事實：沒有人

actually likes wasting food.

實際上喜歡浪費食物。

It's just something that we haven't been paying much attention to.

這只是我們從未去過的事情 非常注意。

Of all of the challenging problems out there, reducing the amount of food

在所有具有挑戰性的問題中， 減少食物量

we're wasting is one of the easiest.

我們浪費是最簡單的事情之一。

In the US, consumers collectively make up the largest portion of food waste.

在美國，消費者集體構成 食物浪費的最大部分。

A family of four spends about $1,500 on food that they never eat.

一個四口之家在食物上花費約1,500美元 他們從不吃飯。

Meat is less as a percentage of what we buy but when you consider it in particular,

肉占我們購買量的百分比降低 但是當你特別考慮的時候，

as a greenhouse gas intensive product, meat waste actually

作為溫室氣體密集產品，肉 實際上浪費

has the highest greenhouse gas impact.

具有最大的溫室氣體影響。

And you don't have to be an expert to understand why food is going to waste in our homes.

而且您不必成為專家即可了解 為什麼食物會浪費在我們的家中。

We're all busy and on the go.

我們都很忙，而且隨時隨地。

Sometimes I buy food without thinking,

有時候我不加思索地買食物，

“Do I really need that?”

“我真的需要嗎？”

There's even been a little bit of research to show that once something goes

甚至有一些研究 表明一旦事情發生

in the refrigerator it's actually worth less to us than before.

在冰箱裡，它實際上值不值 對我們比以前。

研究人員問人們感覺如何 如果他們回家

Researchers asked people how they would feel if they got home

從雜貨店買了一個紙箱 雞蛋。

from the grocery store and dropped a carton of eggs.

然後他們問，好吧，你的蛋坐著嗎 在冰箱裡放六個星期，然後

And then they asked, well if your eggs sat in your refrigerator for six weeks and then

您沒有使用它們，您會感覺如何 那？

you didn't use them, how would you feel about that?

人們的自責感大大減輕了。

And people felt a lot less remorse.

我認為我們社會有很多浪費 確實

I think a lot of the waste in our society does

歸結為選擇，並希望擁有 選擇隨時吃點東西，

come down to choice and wanting to have the option to eat something at any time,

我們是否使用它。

whether or not we use it.

我們過度購買食物的部分原因是 我們有大量的存儲空間。

Part of the reason we over-buy food is that we've got tons of space to store it in.

自冰箱問世以來，冰箱已增長了約15％。 1970年代。

Refrigerators have grown about 15% since the 1970s.

我們的研究發現的一件事 是讓人不舒服

One of the things we found in our research is that people are uncomfortable with

食物方面的空白。

white space when it comes to food.

所以我們喜歡在建築物或設計中，

So we love it in buildings, or in design,

但是當涉及到食物時，我們不想 看看我們冰箱的空位，

but when it comes to food, we do not want to see empty space in our refrigerators,

在我們的盤子上，所以我真的相信 在一些

on our plates, and so I really believe that in some

潛意識的方式，我們只是填充一切。

subliminal way we're just filling everything.

如果我們有更小的冰箱，那 讓我們看到裡面的一切，

And if we had smaller refrigerators, that let us see everything that was in there,

本身會導致少很多 在我們的家中浪費。

that in itself would lead to quite a bit less waste in our homes.

不僅僅是我們的冰箱 變得越來越大。

And it isn't just our refrigerators that have gotten bigger.

平均餐盤增長了36％ 自1960年以來。

The average dinner plate has grown by 36% since 1960.

當你有一個大盤子時，你傾向於放 上面有很多食物

When you have a big plate, you tend to put a lot of food on it — 

是否可以全部吃掉

whether or not you can eat it all.

這是吉爾·霍斯特（Jill Horst）在UC注意到的事情 聖塔芭芭拉。

This is something Jill Horst noticed at UC Santa Barbara.

您有一個14 x 18英寸的托盤， 您覺得需要將食物裝滿。

You have a tray that's 14-by-18 inches and you feel you need to load it up with food.

您會看到有四個眼鏡的學生： 水，果汁，蘇打水，牛奶-

You would see students that had four glasses: water, juice, soda, milk —

你會去托盤返回，他們會 仍然飽。

and you'd go to the tray return and they would still be full.

在2009年，食堂停止使用托盤。

In 2009, the dining halls stopped using trays.

學生可以隨心所欲地攝取食物， 但沒有可將其堆放在上面的托盤。

Students can take as much food as they want, but there isn't a tray to pile it onto.

每人，每個托盤的食物浪費減少了 減少了50％

The food waste per person, per tray, reduced by 50 percent.

我的意思是，那是巨大的。

I mean so that was huge.

假設普通學生浪費 每餐六盎司的食物。

Let's say that the average student wastes six ounces of food per meal.

看上去似乎不多-但是UC Santa 芭芭拉每天提供13,000頓飯。

That may not seem like a lot — but UC Santa Barbara serves 13,000 meals per day.

所以浪費了將近5,000磅 餐飲。

So that's nearly 5,000 pounds of wasted food.

就像扔了350感恩節火雞 每天扔進垃圾桶。

It's like throwing 350 Thanksgiving turkeys into the garbage every single day.

當你把托盤拿走時，它變成 三盎司，這是很大的影響

And when you take the trays away and it becomes three ounces, that's a significant impact

不僅幫助減少食物浪費，而且 食物成本。

to help with not only the food waste, but food cost.

所以事實證明，很小的東西 —例如卸下托盤或更改

So, it turns out that something very small — like removing a tray or changing the

盤子的大小-可以擁有如此深刻的 影響我們的行為。

size of a plate — can have this profound impact on our behavior.

而且不需要太多的努力，因為 效果是潛意識的。

And it doesn't take much effort, because the effect is subliminal.

他們要注意的另一件事 加州大學聖塔芭芭拉分校的部分尺寸。

The other thing they're paying attention to at UC Santa Barbara is portion size.

每塊板都分成一個部分 學生。

Each plate is portioned one portion for a student.

他們可以隨心所欲地取許多份，

They can take as many portions as they like,

但實際上我們電鍍的尺寸合適， 我們應該吃的適量。

but we are actually plating the right size, the right amount that we should be eating.

我們已經習慣了這些巨大的部分 餐廳的大小。

We've gotten used to these gigantic portion sizes at restaurants.

並以一種微妙的方式鼓勵我們吃得過多 丟掉很多食物

And in a subtle way, it encourages us to overeat and throw away a lot of food.

如果環顧四周，就沒有一個整體 盤子上有很多食物浪費

If you look around, there's not a whole lot of food waste on the plates

因為適當的分配。

because of the proper portioning.

我的意思是那頓飯。

I mean that's somebody's meal.

他們只剩下這些了。

That's all they have left.

沒有人是完美的。

None of us are perfect.

浪費更少的食物不僅會發生 過夜。

Wasting less food isn't just going to happen overnight.

但是，將其放在我們的雷達上確實可以 幫助我們減少很多浪費。

But just having it on our radar can really help us waste a lot less.

如果我們有多餘的食物，那我們 至少嘗試將其提供給有能力的人

用它。

And if we do have extra food, then let's at least try to get it to people who could

有這麼多高質量的盈餘 浪費了

use it.

只需要找到需要的人 最。

There is so much high-quality surplus that's wasted,

Komal是Copia的創始人， 試圖恢復所有這些非常好的

that just needs to find the people that need it the most.

餐飲。

Komal is the founder of Copia, a startup that's trying to recover all of this perfectly good

如果您想像世界上最大的足球 體育場充滿了絕對的邊緣

food.

那就是每個人浪費了多少食物 在美國的一天

If you imagine the world's largest football stadium filled to its absolute brim

我不是說昨晚的護墊 泰國或今天早上吃了一半的糕點，

that's how much food goes wasted every single day in America —

但是沒有碰到，沒有吃過，可以食用的食物。

and I'm not talking about last night's pad thai or this morning's half-eaten pastries,

因此，我們不需要購買或賺更多 餐飲。

but untouched, uneaten, perfectly edible food.

我們只需要弄清楚如何去 需要它的人。

麻省理工學院的FoodCam非常適合回收食物。

So we don't need to purchase or make more food.

但是當您從一個開始擴大規模時 建造整個城市或整個國家，

We just need to figure out how to get it to the people who need it.

這變得更加困難。

MIT's FoodCam is great at recovering food.

假設您是一家小公司， 活動中剩下200個三明治。

But when you start scaling this up from one building to an entire city or an entire country,

很多食物-但是需要時間 和努力弄清楚如何以及在哪裡

it becomes much more difficult.

捐出來

Let's say you're a small company and have 200 sandwiches left over from an event.

大多數人真的不想面對 這些所有。

That's a lot of food — but it takes time and effort to figure out how and where to

做一件好事應該不難。

donate it.

就像，如果有 食物可以說，嘿，我們有食物，

Most people really don't want to deal with all this.

那些需要食物的人會說，嘿 需要食物

It shouldn't be this hard to do a good thing.

我們可以將這兩個人聯繫起來 清除市場？

Like, how cool would it be if people who have food could say, hey, we have food,

因此，Komal試圖使捐贈食物變得容易 和直觀。

and people who need food could say, hey we need food,

如果您有食物，請輸入您的信息 進入Copia應用。

and we could connect these two people and clear the marketplace?

然後司機會來接你的食物 並將其運送到需要它的庇護所。

So Komal is trying to make food donation easy and intuitive.

在大型賽事中，例如超級碗50， 還有很多額外的食物。

If you have some food, you type your info into the Copia app.

問題是它的保質期短。

A driver will then come pick up your food and deliver it to shelters that need it.

想像四輛16英尺的冷藏卡車裝滿了 到他們的絕對邊緣

And during big events, like Super Bowl 50, there's a ton of extra food.

那就是我們回收了多少食物。

The issue is that it has a short shelf life.

我們在兩天內餵飽了23,000人。

Imagine four 16-foot refrigerated trucks filled to their absolute brim —

沒有人睡覺。

that's how much food we recovered.

而且不是您不知道熱狗和爆米花。

We fed 23,000 people in two days.

那是龍蝦捲和豬肉三明治 和300美元的奶酪。

Nobody slept.

優質食品。

And it's not you know hot dogs and popcorn.

如果我們能得到食物，否則 浪費在需要它的人身上

It was lobster rolls and pulled pork sandwiches and $300 cheeses.

我們不僅在與飢餓作鬥爭，而且在 實際上減緩了全球變暖。

High-quality food.

這確實是雙贏。

If we can get food that would otherwise be wasted to people who need it,

而且Komal不想解決飢餓問題 只是加利福尼亞。

we're not only fighting hunger, but we're actually slowing global warming.

她想解決世界飢餓時期。

It really is a win-win.

這與樂觀或悲觀無關。

And Komal doesn't want to solve hunger in just California.

我認為這只是我們心血來潮 使之成為現實。

She wants to solve world hunger — period.

這不會一overnight而就。

It's not about optimism or pessimism.

這必須是政策變化。

I think it's just that we're hell-bent on making it happen.

將會是其他企業家。

This isn't going to be an overnight thing.

這將是真正的大公司， 機構也站出來

It's got to be policy change.

說你知道嗎？

It's going to be other entrepreneurs.

我們不能容忍完美的食物 浪費了。

It's going to be really big companies and institutions also taking a stand

看，沒人喜歡扔食物。

and saying that you know what?

因此，我們做了一個簡單的指南來幫助您浪費 減。

We don't tolerate perfectly great food being wasted.

要了解更多信息，請訪問climate.universityofcalifornia.edu。

Look, no one likes throwing out food.

So we made a simple guide to help you waste less.

To find out more go to climate.universityofcalifornia.edu.