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  • Hi. James from EngVid. I was talking to a friend the other day - actually I

    (哼歌) 嗨。我是EngVid的詹姆士。有一天我再跟一個朋友聊天,事實上是

  • was talking to two friends.

    事實上是跟兩個在聊,

  • One was from Detroit, in the ghetto,

    一個是從底特律來的,在貧民區,

  • a really poor, poor area, and the other one was from down south.

    一個真的很窮,很窮的地區,另外一個則是從南部上來的。

  • We were having a conversation, and it was the three of us,

    我們在彼此聊著天,總共就我們三人,

  • drinking lattes in Starbucks, and we were chatting about a movie.

    一邊喝著星巴克的拿鐵,我們聊到了電影的事情。

  • It was "Green Hornet". I was saying,

    "青蜂俠",我當時說道。

  • "Green Hornet, it's on Netflix.

    "青蜂俠,光碟線上有。

  • I'm going to go watch it." Netflix,

    我打算要來看一下。"光碟線上

  • it's this thing in America.

    是美國的東西。

  • You've probably seen it. You can get movies all over.

    你們可能有看過,所有的電影都有。

  • Anyway, I said, "I want to see this movie,

    總之,我說,"我想看這部電影

  • Green Hornet." Now, my friend who was from the ghetto,

    青蜂俠"。這時,我那位從貧民區來的朋友,

  • he went, "Yo, man, it ain't that good.

    他說,"Yo, man. 不是那麼好"

  • It ain't that good. I wouldn't see it if I were you.

    不是那麼好,如果我是你就不會看。

  • I wouldn't see it. It ain't that good." I was kind of confused.

    我就不會看,它沒那麼好。"我有點搞不懂。

  • So I looked at my friend from the south and I went,

    所以我看著我那位從南部上來的朋友,然後我說,

  • "What does he mean?" He goes,

    "他是甚麼意思?" 他說,

  • "I seen it. I seen it,

    我有seen過,我也有seen過。

  • too. It ain't that good.

    它 ain't 那麼好。

  • He's right." I was thinking to myself,

    他說的對。" 我在腦子裡跟自己說,

  • "I need some new friends." Now,

    "我需要一些新的朋友。" 現在,

  • why? I'm going to explain, because in this particular lesson we call it,

    為什麼? 我接下來會解釋,因為在這個特別的課程裡,我們叫它,

  • "I seen it", and other stupid mistakes.

    "I seen it", 還有其他愚蠢的錯誤。

  • Now, I'm being unfair. But generally put,

    現在,我這麼說是不公平的。但是一般來說,

  • "I seen it", and "it ain't good", and "if I were you",

    "I seen it" 和 "it ain't good" 和 "如果我是你"

  • "if I was you I wouldn't see it",

    "If I was you I wouldn't see it".

  • "if I was you", they are shown in movies and in music and they are

    "If I was you", 在電影跟音樂裡很常見,

  • used as what we call stereotypes.

    用法就像我們說的刻板印象。

  • A stereotype is when we say,

    刻板印象就是當我們說,

  • anything like this, the rest is exactly the same.

    有任何一件事是這樣,其他的就跟著完全一樣。

  • So all the people from England drink tea and like Earl Grey and Poupon,

    所以,所有從英國來的人都喝茶,也都喜歡伯爵茶和芥茉醬,

  • because it's a stereotype. All Canadians like beer,

    因為那是一種刻版印象,所有的加拿大人都喜歡喝啤酒。

  • eh? That's a stereotype. So, it's to say one thing,

    欸? 那就是刻板印象。所以,說到一個東西,

  • one kind, all are the same.

    一個種類,所有的就都一樣。

  • In this particular case, in North American movies,

    在這個特殊的例子裡,在美國北部的電影裡,

  • when they want to show someone as being uneducated or stupid,

    當他們想要表現某人是沒受教育或是愚蠢的,

  • meaning not intelligent, they usually make them use things like "ain't",

    意思就是不聰明,通常就會讓他們講一些像ain't的東西,

  • She ain't my wife. She's my cousin,

    She ain't my wife. 她是我表妹。

  • or "seen". Usually in the south,

    或是seen. 通常是在南部。

  • Arkansas and Texas, they make them say this,

    阿肯瑟斯州和德州,會讓他們這樣講。

  • because they want them to seem simple, simple and nice,

    因為他們希望他們看起來簡單,簡單而美好,

  • or just simple and stupid.

    或者就是簡單又愚蠢,

  • In the ghetto, "Yo, man, I seen him with my own two eyes.

    在這個貧民區,"Yo, man. 我的兩隻眼睛親眼 seen him."

  • He ain't a good man." I'm giving you this background because I'm not saying this,

    He ain't 好人。我要給你這個背景,因為我不會這樣說。

  • but if you start using it because you watch the movies and you see these

    可是如果你開始用這樣的講法,因為你看電影而看到這些

  • stereotypes and you think, "This is how they sound in America.

    而看到這些刻板印象,然後你想,"這就是美國的感覺。

  • I will sound like this", they will think you're stupid,

    我就要感覺像這樣。" 他們會覺得你很蠢。

  • and act accordingly. "Accordingly" meaning: treat you that way.

    然後跟著做。"跟著做"的意思是,以那樣對待你。

  • So let's go to the board and do some work.

    所以我們到白板這邊來做一些功課吧。

  • Problem number one, "I seen it before".

    問題一,I seen it before. (我以前看過)

  • The problem with, "I seen it" is,

    I seen it. 的問題在於

  • what they mean to say is,

    他們真正想說的是

  • "I saw it". It's very simple.

    很簡單的 I saw it. (我看過了)

  • It's the simple past. When we say the simple past,

    是過去簡單式。當我們說過去簡單式,

  • we say, something was true.

    我們說,something was true. (某件事是真的)

  • Something happened. It happened before and it is true.

    某件事情發生了,它發生在過去而且是一個事實。

  • That's it. "Seen" is actually a past participle.

    那就對了。Seen 其實是過去分詞。

  • Past participle means something in the past,

    過去分詞意思是過去的某件事。

  • yes. But it participates - participates.

    是的。但是它分享出去

  • When you participate, it means you're a part of something.

    當你分享時,意思是你參與了某件事

  • Yes? You've got it. You're part.

    對嗎? 你懂了。你是其中的一個部分。

  • Well a past participle usually, unless we're speaking of speech - I forgot the speech

    一個過去分詞通常,除非我們正在討論演講,我忘了演講

  • now. It'll come back to me.

    現在,它會回到我這裡來

  • Trust me. It usually participates by having a perfect form,

    相信我。通常分詞會用完成式的形式帶出來。

  • which would be "have", so "have had",

    其中會有have, 所以是have had

  • "has had", and "had had", believe it or not.

    has had, 和 had had. 信不信由你。

  • So, here there is no participle.

    所以,在這邊是不需要用分詞的。

  • They just said, "I seen it".

    他們剛剛說,"I seen it".

  • They missed the perfect form.

    他們漏掉了完成式的句型。

  • You need to have the perfect form.

    必須要用完成式。

  • So, the problem is using the past participle,

    所以,問題在於使用了過去分詞seen

  • "seen" when you should use the simple past.

    當你應該要用過去簡單式的時候

  • Right? Easy enough, "saw" and "seen".

    對吧? 夠簡單了,saw和seen。

  • Solution number one, "you saw", just just "you saw".

    第一種解決方式,you saw. 就僅僅是you saw.

  • "I saw the movie", "I saw you yesterday".

    I saw the movie. I saw you yesterday.

  • Simple past, it happened. It's done.

    過去簡單式,它發生了,就好了。

  • The next one we can use is PP.

    接著我們可以用的是PP。

  • Past participle has two words, so you should use two words.

    過去分詞有兩個字,所以你應該用have seen 兩個字。

  • "I have seen it",

    Have seen. I have seen it.

  • "I had seen you", "He has seen you".

    I had seen you. He has seen you.

  • Done. Cool? Next stupid mistake. Problem:

    好了。酷吧? 下一個愚蠢的錯誤。 問題:

  • you say "ain't". "I ain't doing it",

    你說ain't. "I ain't doing it".

  • "She ain't doing it", "I ain't going to do it".

    She ain't doing it. I ain't going to do it.

  • I lied a little bit.

    我剛剛說了一個小謊。

  • There is one situation in which I would use it,

    有一種節決方法,我會這樣用

  • and friends would use it.

    我朋友也會這樣用

  • Mister E., I've been told, has used it.

    E 先生,有人曾經這樣告訴我,曾經用過。

  • When you want to be kind of sarcastic,

    當你想要挖苦人

  • and you want to say to somebody,

    然後你想跟某人說

  • "It ain't happening", "I ain't going to do it",

    It ain't happening. I ain't going to do it.

  • and I'm saying in kind of a sarcastic way,

    我就用一種挖苦嘲諷的方式在說話

  • not that I'm stupid. But I'm being simple here,

    不是說我很笨, 而是在這裡表現得很簡單。

  • and this is the way it's going to happen,

    而這就是它會發生的方式

  • and "I ain't going to do it",

    還有 I ain't going to do it.

  • simple as that. But usually it shows non- intelligence.

    那麼簡單的東西。但是通常它表現出的是不聰明

  • So, you have to see if I'm smirking which is sort of an arrogant smile

    所以,你必須注意我是不是在冷笑,那是一種高傲的微笑

  • like, "I ain't going there", or "You ain't going there",

    就像,I ain't going there. 或是 You ain't going there.

  • it means I'm being combative.

    那意思是我愛抬槓

  • I know what I'm saying.

    我知道我現在說的

  • I don't care, it's bad grammar on purpose.

    我不在乎,故意用這種爛文法

  • I'm trying to get you angry or set you off,

    嚐試要讓你生氣或跟你挑釁

  • or let you know where I am.

    或是讓你知道我的態度

  • However, if you're new to English and you actually think this is English,

    然而,如果你是初學者,而你真的認為這就是英文

  • or you're in part of those areas I talked about that speak this way,

    或者你以前都像我剛才講的那種方式在講

  • you actually have to learn the verb,

    你真的必須學一下動詞

  • "to be" in its negative form.

    to be 的否定形

  • Yes. I'm sorry. You have to learn it.

    是的,抱歉,你必須學習。

  • There are two, "is not" and "are not".

    有兩個,is not 和 are not

  • The actually contraction is, "isn't" or "aren't".

    事實上的縮寫是 isn't 或 aren't

  • "They aren't here", not "They ain't here".

    They aren't here. 不是 They ain't here.

  • "He isn't here" or "He is not here".

    He isn't here. 或 He is not here.

  • Please learn these forms. Okay? We got that? Cool.

    請學習這些形式,好嗎? 懂了吧? 酷斃了!

  • Problem one and two, so we're cleaning up our language.

    問題一和二, 如此一來我們會把我們的語言弄清楚

  • Right? "I have seen this before",

    對嗎? I have seen this before.

  • or "I saw it". "It ain't good" becomes,

    或是 I saw it. It ain't good 變成

  • "it isn't that good". Now, problem number three.

    It isn't that good. 現在,第三個問題

  • This is more a - well,

    這是更...ㄜ..嗯

  • I don't know if we would call it a stupid mistake.

    我不知道是不是應該稱它為一個愚蠢的錯誤

  • It's more, maybe a transition in the language.

    它是更..或許是這個語言的一個轉換

  • People are doing this more and more every day,

    現在每天大家都越來越常這樣做

  • but the formal, when it's written properly or spoken properly is this.

    但是這個正式的,當它要正確的寫法或說法是像這樣

  • We do not say, "if I was you".

    我們不會說,If I was you.

  • Do you remember we talked about "was" means a fact in the past,

    你記得我們談到關於was,意思是一個過去的事實

  • something has happened? Well "if" and "wouldn't",

    某件事情發生了? If 和 wouldn't

  • indicates imaginary. It hasn't happened.

    顯示它是假設,還沒有發生。

  • So we have a problem.

    所以我們有一個問題

  • You're saying here something happened, but you're using the imaginary saying,

    你在這裡說有事發生了,可是你用的是假設的說法。

  • "it hasn't happened". It's very confusing for my little brain.

    "還沒發生". 讓我的小腦袋非常搞不清楚

  • Even Mister E. is having problems.

    甚至E先生,也有問題。

  • He thinks he's a moron.

    他認為他是一個傻瓜。

  • "Moron" is another word for "idiot".

    傻瓜的另一個說法是白癡

  • So how do we clear that up in English? I think I said to you

    所以我們要怎麼用英文把這弄清楚? 我想我跟你說過了

  • that we don't usually use the same form when we talked about "ain't",

    當我們說到ain't時,我們通常不用相同的句型

  • because people usually say, "I ain't",

    因為大家通常都說, I ain't,

  • "she ain't", "they ain't". We change the verb forms.

    she ain't, they ain't. 我們把這個動詞的樣子改掉

  • This is a strange case in English where we use the same verb form for

    這是英文中的一個奇怪的例子,我們把一樣的動詞型態用在

  • everything, but in a specific case,

    每件事情上。但是在一個特定的例子中,

  • when we use the word, "if" and and we use the word,

    當我們用這個字 if, 還有我們用這個字

  • "were", and sometimes even "if", "were",

    were, 還有有時我們甚至會用 if, were

  • and "would", because these tell us it's called the imaginary form.

    和 would, 因為這些告訴我們,這稱為假設語氣

  • So an easy way to remember this,

    所以,有一個簡單的方法把這記住

  • because this is more a grammar point,

    因為這不只是文法重點

  • and if you speak English, this is more your language,

    而如果你說英文,這個就更是你本身的語言了

  • if you see "if" there, "if" stands for "imagine",

    如果你在那裏看到if,if 表示"想像"

  • "imaginary". "Imagine" starts with I.

    "假設的",以 I 為開頭的假設

  • That tells me if I see an "if",

    那告訴我如果我看到一個 if

  • then should use "were" instead of "was".

    那麼我應該用were,而不是was

  • It's simple, "If I were you,

    很簡單,"If I were you,

  • I would go back and do the lesson again".

    I would go back and do the lesson again". (如果我是你,我會回去把這課再讀一次。)

  • See, "if", "I"? "Imagine", "were", don't use "was",

    看到了嗎? if, I ? 假設語氣 要用 were, 不用 was

  • simple. If you have a problem with "is" or "was" think the S means for

    就這麼簡單。如果你對is或was有問題,你覺得S是指

  • "was", for "situation". You think, "Is this a real situation? No.

    was, 針對"情況",你這麼想,這是真實的情況嗎?" 不。

  • Therefore, I cannot use 'was', I must use 'were'." Easy enough? "If",

    所以,我不能用 was,我一定要用 were。夠簡單了嗎?

  • I for "imagine", "were". Easy, right? So these are stupid mistakes,

    假設imagine的I,were。很簡單,對吧? 所以這些都是愚蠢的錯誤。

  • but we have easy ways to fix them.

    可是我們可以用比較容易的方式來修正這些錯誤,

  • Let's go over them quickly, okay? "Ain't",

    馬上來看看這些,好嗎? Ain't,

  • "you can't do it because it ain't right".

    你不能這麼做因為它 ain't right.

  • We have different pronouns and you must have a different usage of verb form.

    我們有不同的代名詞,在這邊的動詞要有不一樣的變化

  • "Is" or I-S, for "he", "she",

    he 和 he 要用 Is 或 I-S,

  • and "it", and for plurals, "are",

    還有 it, 而複數要用 are

  • "they are", "we are".