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  • You're learning a lot about American English pronunciation.

    你學習了很多關於美式英語發音

  • How Americans talk and how to sound American.

    母語者如何說話、如何聽起來像母語者

  • And as you've learned, you've started to become aware of all of your English habits that you'd like to change.

    而如同你現在所學習到的, 你意識到現在你必須改變所有的英語習慣

  • You start to become incredibly frustrated.

    你開始感到沮喪

  • It feels impossible to take what you're learning about pronunciation

    你無法理解你正在學習的發音,

  • and apply it to actual real conversations that you're having.

    並將它應用到真實對話中。

  • In this video, we're going to talk about the process

    在這部影片中,我們會談論到學習發音的過程

  • that takes you from knowing something to being able to do it regularly without even having to think about it.

    從你開始了解發音的規則到 甚至不用考慮對錯就能持續的練習

  • As i've been raising my son who's two, I have noticed lots of little things

    當我在教導我兩歲大的兒子時, 我發現到很多經常被忽略的事情

  • that made me think about teaching my adult students and accent training.

    那讓我想到我在教導成人學生和口音訓練的部分

  • One of the things that's so different about pronunciation training

    有一件事是關於差異很大的發音訓練

  • is that it's different for most of the learning we do as adults.

    那就是對於我們成年人來說,學習的方式並不一樣

  • When you were learning English, you were likely learning it as knowledge for the mind,

    當你在學英語時,你是有意識地在學習

  • which is what almost all of the learning we do as older children and adults is, at least here in the US.

    也就是大部分的我們還有年輕人常使用的學習方法,至少在美國是這樣

  • We're learning things to know, like memorizing vocabulary or English verb conjugations.

    我們透過記憶單字或是英語動詞變形來學習事物

  • Things that you can write and talk about.

    那些你可以寫作和談論的事情

  • Training in a sport or on a musical instrument or singing

    運動訓練、音樂樂器、唱歌

  • is a lot more like working on your accent than studying English is.

    比起學習英語更像是努力在你的口音上

  • Some people think I'm an English teacher.

    有些人認為我是一個英語教師

  • I correct them. I'm not.

    我必須更正。 我並不是

  • That's not how I think about myself at all.

    那不是我認為的我的樣子

  • I'm primarily an accent trainer.

    我是一個口音訓練師

  • I try to figure out how to help students understand and change their habits

    我試著弄清楚該如何幫助學生了解口音 和改變他們的習慣

  • to be more comfortable and confident speaking English.

    讓說英語變得更自在、更自信一些

  • A while ago, I was reading a book about raising kids that really reminded me of the different phases of learning

    不久前,我看了一本關於扶養孩子的書 那提醒了我不同的學習階段

  • when working on your accent.

    學習口音也有階段

  • I talked through this same sequence all the time with my adult students.

    我一直告訴我的成人學生這些相同的過程

  • And you know what the book was about?

    但你知道那本書是什麼嗎?

  • It was about potty training.

    是一本便盆訓練的書

  • That's right.

    這就對了

  • This is where Stoney was learning something totally new about his body

    Stoney在學習全新的自己的身體

  • and I had to try to understand his experience, to help guide him through it.

    而我必須試著去了解他的經驗,好幫助他走過去

  • The book said this: the first phase is diapers.

    書上是這麼說的:第一階段是 尿布

  • From newborn until it starts to become something that he notices or we start talking about.

    從新生兒直到他開始注意到尿布 或我們開始談論尿布

  • Think of a newborn.

    想想新生兒

  • Total unawareness about something like peeing.

    完全不知道什麼是尿尿

  • This is phase one.

    這就是第一階段

  • As he moves out of diapers he has to start noticing something about his body

    當他脫離了尿布,他會開始發現他身體的不一樣

  • that he hadn't paid attention to before.

    那些他不曾注意到的

  • This is phase two.

    這就是第二階段

  • This isn't just like my adult students working on their accent and being easily understood when speaking.

    這不就像是我的成人學生在口說時想要輕易地理解口音

  • You're starting to notice something about your body, the way that you sound,

    你開始注意到你的身體,你發音的方法

  • that you hadn't necessarily paid attention to before or even known how to pay attention to.

    你以前沒有必要注意或甚至知道如何注意

  • The book talked about how first, Stoney will notice after he's peed.

    書談到在Stoney小號後,第一次他會如何注意到這件事

  • He'll be able to say: I peed.

    他能夠表達:我尿尿了

  • Of course that's disappointing if your goal is not to have your kid pee his pants.

    當然你會感到失望, 如果你的目標是要你的小孩不要尿褲子

  • But it's a necessary step in this process.

    但這是必經的過程

  • This is not a habit yet.

    這還不是個習慣

  • He's still understanding what's happening.

    他還在了解發生什麼事了

  • This is phase two.

    這是第二階段

  • He no longer has total unawareness, he now has awareness when something has happened.

    他不再完全沒有意識到, 他現在已經意識到事情已經發生了。

  • Phase three is being able to tell me when he's peeing as it's actually happening.

    第三階段能夠告訴我他什麼時候正在撒尿, 因為它實際上正在發生。

  • So phase two is past.

    所以,第二階段過去了

  • You notice it after it happens.

    你在事情發生後才了解

  • Phase three is present.

    也就是第三階段

  • You notice it as you do it.

    當你正在做時你能夠注意到

  • Phase four, you may have been able to guess, is future.

    第四階段,你可能已經猜到了,是未來。

  • You think about it just before it happens.

    在還沒發生時,你就能先預想到

  • This is the phase he's in now, thankfully, where he can say: I'm going to pee, or I need to pee.

    這是他現在所處的階段, 他可以說:我要尿尿了或是我需要尿尿

  • That's a lot easier to deal with than: I peed or I'm peeing.

    跟我已經尿尿了或我正在尿尿還要好處理多了

  • And there's a fifth phase.

    而接下來是第五階段

  • That's the phase where he doesn't tell us anymore.

    那就是他不用在告訴我們了

  • It's just part of normal life and he goes to the bathroom when he needs to.

    這就只是日常生活的一部分, 他會在他需要的時候自己去上廁所

  • Let's talk about these phases with changing a pronunciation habit.

    讓我們來談談在改變發音習慣上面的階段

  • Phase 1, total unawareness.

    第一階段,完全無意識

  • You've never known about the sounds of American English or what you were doing wrong.

    你不知道美式英語的發音 或是沒有意識到你的發音是錯的

  • You've learned English but you've never specifically studied pronunciation.

    你學過英語了但是你從未認真去研究發音

  • So when you first start studying, you learn all kinds of new things,

    所以當你開始研究時,你學習各種新事物

  • like exactly how the AH vowel sounds that it's not in your language and how it's made.

    像是如何準確地發出母音AH的聲音 那些不存在或是所組成你的語言的聲音

  • That's something you learn with the mind and that's very satisfying.

    這是你有意識學到的東西,而且非常令人滿意。

  • You could describe it and teach it to someone else.

    你可以描述它甚至教別人怎麼做

  • As I said, this is the kind of learning most of us do as adults.

    如同我說的,這就是大部分的我們學習的方法

  • It's moving from phase 1 to phase 2, total unawareness to understanding.

    從第1階段進入第2階段,完全無意識 到 理解

  • But there are still three more transitions to make

    但還是有超過三個的過渡期

  • before making something a habit and this is where many of my students get frustrated.

    在養成習慣之前,這也是我的許多學生感到挫折的地方

  • They're stuck in Phase two, and that is you know you're doing it wrong because you learned about it,

    他們困在第二階段,也就是你知道你做錯了, 因為你正在學習

  • you notice it, but you notice you're still constantly doing it wrong in conversation.

    你發現了錯誤, 但是你意識到在口說上仍然用錯的發音方式

  • You can't think of what to say and pronunciation at the same time.

    你無法在想要說什麼的時候同時想該如何發音

  • You're stuck in Phase two.

    你被困在第二階過

  • The past phase.

    過去的階段

  • You notice it after you've already made a mistake.

    在你已經犯了一個錯之後你發現了它

  • That can be very frustrating.

    那樣令人感到灰心喪志

  • This is where some people want to give up.

    這裡也會讓一些人想要放棄

  • It's their habit and they don't see how they can ever change it.

    這是他們的習慣而他們看不到他們該如何去改變

  • How can they ever think of two things at once?

    他們要怎麼一次想兩件事情

  • But you can get all the way to phase five.

    但是你還是可以一路走到第五階段

  • I always try to tell my students this is actually progress.

    我總是告訴我的學生這些實際上會發生的過程

  • You've gone from not knowing something at all to knowing it.

    你已經經歷了從無法意識到可以理解的階段

  • Don't give up so early in the journey.

    不要在這段路途上太早放棄

  • For example, let's say you're working on getting the UH as in butter vowel to sound really natural and American.

    舉例來說,你正在學習如何像母語者 說butter裡UH母音

  • This one can be tough because it depends a lot on placement too.

    這個可能會很難,因為它有很大程度上取決於位置。

  • You've learned how it's made and how it's different from other sounds,

    你已經學過如何發音且它跟其他聲音的差別

  • you've listened to a lot of minimal pairs and now you can hear it as its own sound.

    你聽過很多一組單字裡相似的發音,而現在你可以聽出差別

  • You left phase one for phase two.

    你正從階段一前往階段二

  • You have awareness.

    你開始意識到

  • And you can practice it over and over.

    而且你可以一直不斷地練習

  • But when you're in conversation, thinking about what to say, you find you still say it wrong.

    但是當你在英語口說時,想著要說什麼, 你發現你仍然用錯誤的方式在說話

  • You notice it after it comes out of your mouth, and this feels really disappointing to you.

    在說出來之後你才發現錯誤,這讓你感到非常失望

  • This is where some students want to quit.

    這也是讓學生們想要放棄的地方

  • You've started training the sound, doing the repetitions to retrain your muscles.

    你開始訓練發音,不斷的重複去訓練你的肌肉

  • How do you bridge your practice time to real speaking in real conversation?

    你要如何聯繫練習時的成果與實際上的對話

  • It's actually simple.

    其實很簡單

  • Just more training.

    你要不斷的訓練

  • By noticing what you're doing wrong, you can focus on your practice more.

    藉由意識到你犯的錯,你可以更專注在你的練習上

  • If there are any words that consistently don't feel right, write them down.

    如果有一些字的發音一直很怪,把它們寫下來

  • Make sure that's one of the words that you're training ten, twenty, or more times a day.

    確保那些字,你一天裡有練習到十遍二十遍或超過

  • You just need more repetitions of doing it right to change the habit.

    你只需要更多的練習直到改變成好的習慣

  • A great tool can be to record yourself.

    可以使用有利的工具幫助你錄音

  • Many people now have phones that can record audio.

    現在有很多人可以使用手機去錄音

  • Record a conversation you have at some point during the day.

    在白天的某個時刻紀錄你的對話

  • Listen to it later.

    過一段時間在聽

  • Now that you've increased your knowledge, you'll be able to be your own teacher.

    既然你已經增加了知識,那麼你就能成為自己的老師

  • You'll be able to notice things that aren't right, and you can write them down, and work with them over and over.

    你能夠注意的事情是錯的,你可以寫下來, 然後持續的練習

  • This is great if there are certain words you're using a lot for work or your daily life.

    這樣做很好,如果有些字你在日常生活 或工作中很常用到的話

  • Take the words or phrases that intimidate you the most

    圈出犯錯最多的單字或片語

  • and practice them 20 or more times, several times throughout the day.

    一整天都不斷地練習個20次或超過

  • This repetition is necessary but it will only take a few minutes.

    這種重複是必要的,而他只會花幾分鐘的時間

  • Practice it slowly and at regular pace.

    慢慢地持續地練習

  • Imitate a native speaker by going to Forvo.com or Youglish.com to hear many samples.

    可以到Forvo.com或是Youglish.com模仿母語者說話

  • This is how you bridge the gap between practicing and real conversation.

    這會是你彌補練習上的成果與實際對話的鴻溝的方法

  • It's simply more focused practice on the actual words that you'll use in your daily life.

    只是更專注於練習你在日常生活中使用的單字。

  • And as you train more and more, you'll go through the same phases that Stoney went through for potty training.

    而當你練習得越多,你會經歷 同Stoney經歷過的便盆訓練的過程

  • You'll go from noticing your mistake after you've made it, phase 2,

    在你犯錯之後你會意識到你的錯誤,這是第二階段

  • to phase 3 where as you start to stay the word, your brain gets triggered

    直到第三階段,當你堅持練習錯誤的單字時,你的大腦會被激發

  • and you remember how you want to try to say it.

    然後你會記得你想怎麼發音的

  • Don't be afraid to repeat your word with a better pronunciation.

    不要害怕去重複你想要變得更好發音的單字

  • As you do more training, you'll be able to think about the right pronunciation

    當你做越多的訓練,你就能夠想到正確的發音

  • just as your brain has come up with the word and you want to say it.

    就像你的大腦想出你想要說的單字

  • And with more training and more time, you'll no longer even think about it.

    而經歷過更多的訓練和時間後, 你不再去思考該如何發音

  • Your confidence on a particular word or sound will be that high.

    你會很有自信的說出特定的單字或聲音

  • You won't need to think about it, you won't notice it, it's no longer a problem for you.

    你不需要去思考,你也不用去注意它, 他將不會是你的問題了

  • So it can be very frustrating, because the first thing that happens after you learn something

    記得很可能會讓人沮喪,因為 在你學到東西之後會發生的第一件事情

  • is realizing how often you do it wrong, and how hard it is to change a habit.

    是你了解你的錯誤,但是很難去改變一個習慣

  • That's true.

    那是真的

  • And the more you learn about pronunciation the more habits you'll want to change but you can change them.

    你學習越多的發音,你會發現要改變的習慣越多 但是你可以改變它們的

  • And don't let the work that is necessary turn you off.

    不要讓必經的過程擊敗了你

  • You can do it.

    你可以做到的

  • I've seen hundreds of students change their habit through regular training, repetition.

    我看過數百位學生透過規律的訓練改變了它們的習慣

  • A little hard work and the payoff is so big.

    努力一點點 但是效益很大

  • If you get frustrated at the beginning, you'll never move on to the next phase.

    如果你一開始就感到挫敗,你就無法走到下一個階段

  • But if you take it as a tool for learning, and you keep training, you will get there.

    但是如果你將挫敗視為學習的工具, 而且你持續練習,你就會達成目標

  • You'll get to where you want to be.

    你可以走到任何你想要的目標

  • What are some of your best tips for how you've worked on your accent and made a real change?

    你如何努力為自己的口音做出真正的改變, 有哪些最好的技巧?

  • Or for how you've stayed motivated?

    或是你是如何保持動力的?

  • Maybe there's a particular word that you couldn't say correctly that you now say without effort.

    也許曾經有一個單字你無法正確地發音 但是現在卻能夠不費力的說出來

  • Share the tips or tricks that you use in practicing and improving in the comments below.

    在下面留言分享你在練習上或是改善口音的技巧和訣竅

  • What is one major victory you've had while studying English?

    在你學習英語上,有什麼是你最有成就感的?

  • Share these things in the comments below so everyone can learn from you and feel motivated by you

    在下面留言分享給所有人,這樣大家能夠向你學習 也能從中得到動力

  • and your successes.

    還有你的成就

  • And don't forget, keep working.

    切記,持續努力

  • You can't change a habit overnight, it does take some time and dedication, but it's worth it, and you can do it.

    你無法一夕之間改變習慣,它需要花費時間和犧牲的, 但是很值得,而你能夠做到

  • I believe in you.

    我相信你可以

  • That's it and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.

    以上,非常謝謝你們來到Rachel's English

You're learning a lot about American English pronunciation.

你學習了很多關於美式英語發音

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