HAVE BEEN, SO DOES THIS MEAN THIS BIG ONE'S COMING? AND WHAT CAN YOU DO ABOUT IT?

如此，所以代表會有一個大地震出現？而我們能做些什麼？

HEY GUYS THIS IS ANNIE FOR DNEWS.

嘿大夥我是DNews的Annie

A MAJOR EARTHQUAKE STRUCK OFF THE COAST OF CHILE THIS WEEK, TRIGGERING 7 FT TSUNAMIS

這週發生在智利外海的大地震，引起了7英呎高的海嘯

AND MASS EVACUATIONS ALONG THE COUNTRY'S COASTAL AREAS.

使得這個國家沿海地區進行大規模的疏散行動

THE 8.2 QUAKE NEAR CHILE COMES ON THE HEELS OF SEVERAL SMALLER QUAKES IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

靠近智利的芮氏規模8.2強震發生後，引發了南加州許多起規模較小的地震

RECENTLY...BROUGHT TO LIFE BY THIS ONE AMAZING VIRAL VIDEO OF TWO NEWS ANCHORS FROM KTLA

這幾天...有部由兩位KTLA的新聞主播生動的表現的影片正在被瘋傳中

BASICALLY NAILING EARTHQUAKE SAFETY PROTOCOL...

內容基本上就是關於地震安全守則的介紹

okay... it appears to have stopped... um, we're gonna jump right now to the uh...

好...這應該會馬上停止...嗯...，我們應該要立即疏散到...

FORTUNATELY, NO MAJOR DAMAGE IN EITHER CALIFORNIA OR CHILE IS REPORTED AT THIS POINT...BUT IT'S

幸好，目前加州或智利都沒有傳出重大傷亡，但這卻

RAISED ALARM AMONG SOME FOLKS THAT A "BIG ONE" IS COMING....A "BIG ONE" LIKE THE LA

引起了許多人對於更大規模地震即將來臨的警覺...一個「極大規模」的地震像是

NORTHRIDGE QUAKE IN 1994, WHICH KILLED DOZENS AND CAUSED 42 BILLION DOLLARS IN DAMAGE...OR

1994年洛杉磯北橋大地震，奪走了數十條生命，也造成了420億美元的損失...或

LOMA PRIETA IN SAN FRANCISCO IN 1989, WHICH KILLED 63 AND BADLY EFFED UP INFRASTRUCTURE

1989年舊金山Loma Prieta大地震，造成63人死亡，並且造成灣區內基礎設施嚴重毀損

IN THE BAY AREA. OF COURSE, THERE HAVE BEEN FAR WORSE QUAKES IN OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD

當然，世界上其他地方曾發生過比這還嚴重的地震

- LIKE THE 2010 QUAKE THAT DEVASTATED HAITI.

像是海地2010年發生的毀滅性地震

CAN WE PREDICT WHEN MAJOR QUAKES WILL HAPPEN? UNFORTUNATELY AT THIS POINT, ONLY VERY VERY

我們能夠預測何時大地震會發生嗎？不幸地，在目前預測能力還非常

GENERALLY.

的一般

QUAKES ARE CAUSED BY SHIFTING TECTONIC PLATES, AND THE AREAS MOST AT RISK ARE PLACES THAT

地震是由版塊飄移造成的，而風險最高的區域便是位在

SIT ALONG THESE FAULT LINES. BUT THAT RISK CAN BE AGGRAVATED BY MAN-MADE FACTORS THAT

斷層帶上的。但是這樣的危機可能會因為人為因素而

CAN EXERT EXTRA PRESSURE ON NATURALLY OCCURRING SEISMIC ACTIVITY. THE BEST KNOWN EXAMPLE OF

造成額外的壓力施加在自然發生的斷層活動上而加劇。最有名的例子是

THIS IS THE Sichuan PROVINCE OF CHINA, WHICH HAD A MAJOR QUAKE IN 2008 THAT'S BELIEVED

在中國四川省，2008年的大地震被認為是

TO HAVE BEEN TRIGGERED IN PART BY A DAM IN THE AREA. BECAUSE OF THE MANY POTENTIAL TRIGGERS

因為區域內的水壩建築工程引起的。由於許多潛在因素

- WHICH COULD INCLUDE ANYTHING FROM RESERVOIRS, MINING OR FRACKING - SCIENTISTS CAN IDENTIFY

- 也就是可能包含水庫工程、採礦工程或者探鑽工程等等 - 科學家能夠辨識

PARTS OF THE WORLD THAT ARE LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE A QUAKE, BUT CAN'T SAY WHEN THEY WILL HAPPEN

世界上何處有可能會發生地震，但是卻無法

WITH ANY USEFUL LEVEL OF ACCURACY.

有效地預測切確時間

IN FACT, ANIMALS MIGHT BE MUCH BETTER AT SENSING QUAKES THAN HUMANS. JUST BEFORE A 2009 QUAKE

事實上，動物可能比人類更能感知地震。舉例來說，就在2009年義大利的地震前

IN ITALY FOR EXAMPLE, 96% OF MALE TOADS DITCHED THEIR BREEDING SITE IN THE AREA JUST DAYS

96%的公的蟾蜍被發現拋棄了

BEFORE THE QUAKE.

它們繁衍後代的巢穴

BUT CAN WE PREPARE FOR AN EARTHQUAKE...SURE.

話說回來，我們能在地震來臨前做準備嗎...當然可以

IN PLACES LIKE CALIFORNIA OR CHILE THAT BASICALLY SIT ON ACTIVE FAULTS, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS HAVE

基本上像是加州或智利等坐落在活斷層帶的地區，地方政府和人民

GOTTEN BETTER AT PREPPING INFRASTRUCTURE - AND PEOPLE - FOR MAJOR JOLTS. IN THE BAY AREA

都已經加強周邊設施的準備來面對大地震。 舉例來說，在灣區

FOR EXAMPLE, ENGINEERS SPENT YEARS RETROFITTING THE BAY BRIDGE TO OAKLAND WITH ADDITIONAL

工程師花了好幾年強化連接奧克蘭的灣區大橋的

DIAGONALS AND OTHER FEATURES THAT CAN HELP CUSHION AGAINST THE SIDE TO SIDE ROCKING THAT

對角結構和其他的構型來增加

CAN CAUSE FAILURE.

橋體在面對側向搖晃造成的破壞時的抵抗能力

BUT NO MATTER WHERE YOU LIVE, YOU SHOULD KNOW WHAT NOT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A QUAKE. FEEL

但不論你住在何方，你需要知道當地震發生時該如何處置

FREE TO MILDLY FREAK OUT - LIKE OUR NEWS ANCHOR FRIENDS - BUT PLEASE RESIST THE URGE TO RUN

輕微地感到害怕是正常的，就像我們先前提到的新聞主播朋友們一樣。但是請千萬不要一邊尖叫

SCREAMING INTO THE STREET DURING AN EARTHQUAKE, AS OUR INTERN KENNY KINDLY DEMONSTRATES FOR

一邊逃跑 —正如我們實習生 Kenny

US HERE. YOU'RE MORE LIKELY TO GET HIT WITH FALLING OBJECTS THAT CAN HARM YOU THAT WAY.

示範的一樣。如此一來，你反而更容易被落物擊中

YOUR BEST BET IS TO DUCK AND COVER UNDER A DESK OR TABLE, OR STAND IN A DOORWAY. IF YOU'RE

你最好找張堅固的桌子躲在下方，或是站在門口處（通常認為結構比較強）。

OUTSIDE, GET OUT IN THE OPEN AWAY FROM POWER LINES OR OTHER THINGS THAT COULD FALL ON YOU.

如果你在戶外，請移動到空曠處並遠離電線或其他可能會有東西掉落砸傷你的地方

AND AS WITH ANY POTENTIAL EMERGENCY, IT CAN'T HURT TO HAVE SOME BASIC SUPPLIES AROUND YOUR

而以防潛在緊急狀況，在停電時在你家周邊隨有準備好一些基礎維生物品是

HOME IN THE EVENT OF POWER FAILURE. IF YOU'RE INTERESTED, WE'LL LEAVE SOME OTHER RESOURCES

無妨的。你若有興趣，我們會再下方留下一些

IN THE LINKS BELOW.

資源的連結

HAVE YOU LIVED THROUGH AN EARTHQUAKE OR OTHER DISASTER? IF SO I'D LOVE TO HEAR ABOUT YOUR

你有經歷過地震或其他天災嗎？如果有我想聽聽你

EXPERIENCE. YOU CAN GET IN TOUCH WITH THE SHOW ON TWITTER AT DNEWS OR ON FACEBOOK AT

的經歷。你能夠持續透過DNews的 Twitter追蹤本節目或者透過Discovery News的Facebook找到我們

DISCOVERY NEWS. YOU CAN ALSO FIND ME PERSONALLY AT ANNIEGAUS ON TWITTER AND AT MY OTHER SHOW,

你也能夠找到我個人Twitter @Anniegaus和我另一個節目

WHATS THE BIG DEAL.

「這就是大事」上看到我

THANKS FOR WATCHING AND SEE YOU NEXT TIME.

謝謝你的收看並期待下次見