Name: Qubits and Gates - Quantum Computer Programming w/ Qiskit p.2 (Qubits and Gates - Quantum Computer Programming w/ Qiskit p.2)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T10:36:18.000Z
Duration: 45 min 46 s
Description: 【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。

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And welcome to part two of the quantum computer programming tutorials in this tutorial we're gonna be talking about is more on the Cuban itself as well as the gates.

And like what happens when we apply this gate to the cubit?

Really, my hope is at the end of this, you'll be able to sort of visualize what's going on when you see like an algorithm or a combination of gates.

A CZ Well, as if you wanted to make your own out rhythm.

What gate would you use to do certain things?

So sometimes you know you like, If you look up what a c not gate is, you'll see.

Oh, it's the equivalent of the X or gate.

But if you start incorporating other bits, not anymore.

By the end of this is that you'll have a better understanding what the heck a cubit is and what a gait is doing to that Cuba, at least in terms of computer science.

Before we get into that, though, I want to address some of the more common kind of suggest not suggestions, but questions and points people made from video one.

There's only three, so it shouldn't take long.

So the 1st 1 was the circular table example with chairs Thea argument being, um, the number of combinations you have his end chairs, factorial.

People were pointing out that well, not really, because you could rotate the chairs and this one affect anybody's happiness.

So, um, I'm amending the story to be There's a stage in the front and, like, your happiness is also a function of what your orientation to the stage solved.

So so anyway, yeah, So that was the first thing.

The next thing is possible states versus like actually considered states logically.

So with bits you have, let's say you've got an eight bit a bit string.

Okay, each bit could be a zero or a one, right?

This is true for a cubit when measured, and this is true for a classical bit.

So the number of possible combinations is both for classical computers and quantum peters.

For a bit string the number of possible combinations of eight bits.

This is true for both classical and quantum computers.

The difference is, what can a quantum circuit consider all in one pass?

And what can a classical circuit consider all in one pass?

A classical computer in a classical circuit can consider two times in bits states in, like one pass through the circuit.

So when you're when you're applying a logic gate to something, it can only consider the two states times and bits a quantum computer can consider logically in one pass through the quantum circuit, two to the power of n bits states.

And it could do this logically with a combination of bits and gates and all that.

And that is where we get this incredible ability this, this paradigm shifting, um, capability that we just don't have today with with classical computers but also can't have, like there are certain numbers.

Like, for example, I want to say the number I've seen is to 60.

So to put this in perspective, IBM and Google both have 50 plus cubit quantum computers already, and just like two years ago, they had, I think, 20 or so it was like 20 cubits so So it's increasing pretty quick and or was it five?

I can't remember, but it's a very small number and we're up to 50 now and probably Maur.

And who knows, like there's probably places I don't know.

Some Chinese company might have a bunch, too.

So So, anyway, we're already to that point, and I want to say it's two to the power of 60.

So a 60 Cuba quantum computer has Maur, um, can can can do calculations on more states at a time than if we were to combine all of the computers of the world.

Whatever it's, it's an achievable number in the next say, 10 years even.

But probably in the next year or two, Max will be there, right?

Also, number of particles in the entire universe two to the power of 300 again, that's conceivable.

That will hit that number in, like, a decade or less, who knows?

So, um, that's what's exciting about Quantum Peter's So, um so over that answers that question, but it also leads us into the next one, which is how is this useful What do I do with this?

Um, I think the answer to that is it's probably wrong attitude.

Ask not what what quantum computing can do for you.

Ask what you can do for quantum computing or your job and quantum computing is literally to answer the question.

This is the same as is classical computers in the fifties sixties, arguably seventies, arguably eighties.

And if you look at you know, the people that were into classical computers in the 50 60 seventies eighties, these were there's kind of two people.

Most of the people, I would argue we're just there because it was interesting and cool, and they just were passionate on the subject.

But there were also pioneers, and there were people in businesses who made billions for themselves and generated trillions of dollars for the world.

I mean, we are almost certainly on a new age of technology and computing here.

I think that should be motivation enough, and then it's for free.

But whatever I understand, if you want an employable skilled, I've got Web development, data analysis, machine learning tutorials.

So anyway, I'm gonna get back to driving my Mars rover for free.

Um, we're now going to visualize cubits on the block sphere.

So the block sphere is, um, is this this representation of the Hilbert space, which is a step above the Euclidean space, which is just basically it's just infinite number of dimensions.

You don't need to know that it's a sphere and it has a space inside it.

And then at the tippy top Bibbidi bottom, tippy top and bottom of the sphere, You've got your actual cubit value.

So the notation you see here it's like a bar, the actual zero or a one, and then you've got this kind of, like, arrow looking thing.

That's just the notation for the cubit value.

You know, shooting out from the middle is your vector.

Um, And again, it could be pointing perfectly to a zero or one value.

And then when you measure it, it will always collapse to a zero world one, whichever one it was pointing to.

It could be anywhere in this faith in the space.

Um, and then when you take your measurement, it's a It's a probability, right?

So this little green arrow here is our kind of our vector, and you just assume that's a straight line.

Um, when we go to take our measurement here, I don't know, let's say 20% of the time it will collapse to a one.

I don't actually know what the number would be, but a non zero chance of collapsing toe one.

It'll mostly collapsed to zero, but it can collapse to a one.

But you take your measurement, it collapses, and I've got a little purple line here, pink line, whatever you wanna call it.

That's what happens when we actually go to measure it.

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Qubits and Gates - Quantum Computer Programming w/ Qiskit p.2 (Qubits and Gates - Quantum Computer Programming w/ Qiskit p.2)

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