downhill through the Old Town to the palace.

下坡穿過老城，來到皇宮。

This colorful jumble is the tourists' Edinburgh:

這五顏六色的亂七八糟的東西是遊客&#39；愛丁堡。

a dense tangle of historic buildings,

密密麻麻的歷史建築。

fun museums and cultural cliches on sale.

趣味博物館和文化老生常談的出售。

Edinburgh was a wonder in the 17th and 18th centuries. It was famed

愛丁堡在17、18世紀是一個奇蹟。它是著名的

for its skyscrapers — they say the first anywhere —

它的摩天大樓--他們說是世界上第一座--

but also for its filth.

但也因其骯髒。

It was once the most congested city in Europe. Its most wretched couldn't even

它曾經是歐洲最擁擠的城市。它最可憐的人甚至不能'。

afford candles. They lived in darkness. It's said they knew each other not by how they looked,

買得起蠟燭。他們生活在黑暗中。據說他們認識對方不是看他們的長相。

but by how they smelled.

但通過他們的氣味。

Medieval skyscrapers towered ten stories and higher.

中世紀的摩天大樓高達十層以上。

Frontage and High Street was so limited that the buildings were narrow and tall

由於門面和高街的限制，建築物狹窄而高大。

crammed shoulder to shoulder with little courtyards called "closes" branching off.

肩並肩地擠滿了小院，叫"閉塞"支離破碎。

These closes were connected to the main drag by skinny lanes or even tunnels.

這些閉塞的地方通過細巷甚至隧道與主幹道相連。

Four hundred years ago

四百年前

Edinburgh was nicknamed "Auld Reekie."

愛丁堡被暱稱為"Auld Reekie.&quot。

The entire city was a black-stained mess of chimneys and reeked of smoke.

整個城市的煙囪黑糊糊的，散發著濃濃的煙味。

The Royal Mile ends at the gates of Holyrood Palace — for five hundred years

皇家一英里路的終點是霍利羅德宮的大門--五百年來一直如此。

the official royal residence here in Edinburgh.

王室在愛丁堡的官邸。

For several centuries, Scotland was ruled from London.

幾個世紀以來，蘇格蘭一直由倫敦統治。

Parliament hadn't met here since

議會自始至終沒有在這裡舉行過會議。

1707.

1707.

Recently, the Scots voted to bring their parliament home

最近，蘇格蘭人投票決定把他們的議會帶回家。

and London didn't object.

而倫敦沒有'反對。

In the year 2000, Edinburgh resumed its position

在2000年，愛丁堡恢復了其地位。

as home of Scotland's parliament.

作為蘇格蘭'議會的所在地。

Scotland's strikingly modern parliament building opened in 2004.

蘇格蘭'引人注目的現代議會大廈於2004年啟用。

The Catalan architect, Enric Miralles, mixed old windows, wild angles and organic

加泰羅尼亞建築師Enric Miralles將舊窗、狂野的角度和有機的元素混合在一起，並將這些元素融入到他的作品中。

themes into a startling complex that would, as he envisioned,

主題變成一個驚人的綜合體，正如他所設想的那樣，將。

surge from out of the rock and into the city.

從岩石中湧出，進入城市。