Name: TED-Ed】藝術和手藝之間有區別嗎？- Laura Morelli (【TED-Ed】Is there a difference between art and craft? - Laura Morelli)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T04:55:35.000Z
Duration: 5 min 31 s

What about a vase or a quilt or a violin?

那麼一個花瓶、縫製品或是一把小提琴呢？

Are those things art, too, or are they craft?

那些東西也是藝術嗎？還是工藝？

It turns out that the answer is not so simple.

A spoon or a saddle may be finely wrought,

一個湯匙或馬鞍或許是被精心打造的

while a monument may be, well, uninspired.

而一個紀念碑卻可能沒那麼讓人感動

Just as not every musical instrument is utilitarian,

就像不是所有的樂器都是實用的

not every painting or statue is made for its own sake.

每一個畫作和雕塑也不一定有創作出來的理由

But if it's so tricky to separate art from craft,

但如果那麼難分辨藝術和工藝的差別

then why do we distinguish objects in this way?

那我們為什麼還要用這種方式去做分類呢？

幾個戲劇性的歷史事件演變出來的結果

to view people, such as da Vinci or Michelangelo,

很容易去審視像達文西或米開朗基羅

and, of course, they possessed extraordinary talents,

but they also happened to live in the right place

「藝術家」這個概念根本不存在

If you had chanced to step into a medieval European workshop,

如果你有機會踏入歐洲中古世紀的工作室

you would have witnessed a similar scene,

The master, following a strict set of guild statutes,

師傅會遵循那些工會所訂的嚴格規範

and well-defined stages of accomplishment,

passing established traditions to the next generation.

師傅便能將傳統和技藝傳承給下一代

and their works from Murano glass goblets,

從穆拉諾玻璃(意大利穆拉諾小島上製造生產的玻璃)

都被尊崇為一種社會地位的象徵

but their adherence to a particular tradition.

And the customer who commissioned and paid for the work,

相較於那些設計者和製造者，更受到推崇

than those who designed or constructed it.

人們開始分類出藝術和工藝的差別

a new cultural ideal that would later be called

一個被後世稱做「文藝復興人本精神」的新文化主義

Florentine intellectuals began to spread the idea

of reformulating classical Greek and Roman works,

要復興古典希臘羅馬藝術的思想

while placing greater value on individual creativity

他們的作品都是以平方英呎為單位來做買賣

to pay them on the basis of merit instead.

讓顧客以作品的價值為價格的考量

people's attitudes about objects and their makers

喬爾喬·瓦薩里(義大利畫家和建築師)

not incidentally a friend of Michelangelo,

"Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors and Architects,"

透過書中分享的生平故事，將這些創造者變成明星

to rock star status by sharing juicy biographical details.

and their makers' creative masterminds: artists.

and their works considered minor or decorative arts,

他們的作品被視為價值較低或是裝飾性的藝術

between art and craft that still persists

在西方世界中現在仍然存在的藝術和工藝的差別特徵

那麼，當我們在看林布蘭或畢卡索的畫時

then where does that leave an African mask?

著重「創新」而非「傳統」的概念

In fact, some works that might be considered craft,

事實上，有一些作品或許被視為工藝

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TED-Ed】藝術和手藝之間有區別嗎？- Laura Morelli (【TED-Ed】Is there a difference between art and craft? - Laura Morelli)

pay

begin

finely

juicy