How many different sign languages [are there] in the world?

世界上到底有多少種手語？

Just one? Is sign language universal?

只有一種？手語是世界性的嗎？

A couple?

兩種？

Are they different in each continent?

是不是每一個地區都有分別？

There are at least 126 sign languages in the world.

事實上，世界上至少有 126 種手語

Technically, each country has their own sign language.

每一個國家都有屬於他們自己的手語

British Sign Language and American Sign Language are completely different,

就算都是英語國家

even both speak English.

可是，英國手語跟美國的完全不同

How many people use sign language?

那麼，有多少人在用手語？

People may think sign language is a minor language,

一般人會想，手語只是次要的語言

but sign language is the 4th largest language in [the] States, next to Chinese.

現實是手語在美國是第四種重要語言，只次於中文

Sign language is not a tool for communication between deaf people and hearing people.

手語不僅是聾啞人士與一般人之間的溝通工具

Each sign language has their own grammar, words and a question.

每一種手語都有自己的語法、文字和方程式

But, when I talk about sign language,

當我跟別人在討論有關手語的時候

I hear a same phrase a lot of time.

我通常都會聽到同一句話

Hey, sign language is not universal? Why not? It's just for the gestures.

嗨，手語不是世界通行的，為什麼？因為她只是手勢

It's got to be nice that the people can talk to anybody in the world without any interpretation.

不過，設想如果我們可以跟世界上任何人交流

That will be fantastic.

而不需要翻譯，這會是多美妙

OK, I understand what they want to say.

我理解她／他們想說什麼

But, even body language does not have universal language.

只是，儘管肢體語言不是世界通用的語言

Why could sign language?

手語怎麼可以呢？

A lot of people learn English all over the world,

在世界上很多地方的人會去學英語

but still English is not our universal language.

但是，英語還不是我們世界共通的語言

A lot of people use Chinese in their daily lives.

很多人在日常生活裡會說中文

What about Esperanto?

那麼世界語呢？

Why don't we have universal language?

為什麼我們沒有世界性語言？

People may consider pronunciation and accent.

人們通常會考慮到發音和口音的問題

It could be true, but cultural difference and histories are more important.

那是真實的，但是文化差異和歷史更為重要

For example, cheating. Like to cheat someone or [betray].

舉例，欺騙。像是去欺騙某人或者是背叛

In American sign language, cheating is like this.

在美國手語中，欺騙是這樣的

What is this?

這是什麼？

This is a wall and the person is hiding from someone, so this is a "spy".

是一個人在用牆來向某人來遮蓋隱瞞，是間諜

What about Japanese sign language?

那在日本手語呢？

What is this?

這是什麼？

This is a fox.

是狐狸

In Japanese old stories, a fox is a typical animal which cheats people.

在日本的老故事中，狐狸是經典的騙子

They changed themselves into humans and stole something from people.

他們會異裝成人，混進人群中去偷東西

A spy cheats people in America and a fox cheats people in Japan.

一個在美國行騙的間諜，和一只在日本欺騙人的狐狸

Is this pronunciation? It's a cultural difference.

這是發音問題嗎？是文化差異

Now you can start to begin [to see]

現在妳／你可以開始［看］

that it's going to be really hard to make sign language universal.

要讓手語成為世界通用的是很困難

Sign language is linguistically a language.

手語是在語言學中的一種語言

There are a lot of native signers, whose mother tongues are sign language.

有很多的天生手語家，她／他們的母語就是手語

They think, dream and live in sign language.

她／他們思想，做夢和生活在手語之中

Now let's talk about myself a little bit.

現在，讓我來介紹一下自己

I personally don't have any deaf people in my family.

我家裡面沒有人是聾啞人士

And also, I did not have any deaf friends, until I started learning sign language.

我也沒有任何的聾啞朋友，直至我開始學手語

But, when I saw the sign language [for the] first time, I just fell in love,

我跟手語，可是一見鍾情

because sign language is such a beautiful language.

因為我發現手語是一種這樣美的語言

So I started to learn sign language when I was 20 years old,

因此，我五年前開始學手語

which is 5 years ago.

我當時20歲

So when you, when people learn any language, you need dictionaries.

當人家要學任何語言的時候，都需要字典

Most Japanese people learn English.

絕大部份的日本人都在學英文

So we have a Japanese to English dictionary and an English to Japanese dictionary.

所以，我們會用日英和英日字典

We need both.

兩種我們都需要

What about the case with sign language?

那麼學手語呢？

We have a Japanese to Japanese sign language dictionary

我們有日文翻日本手語字典

and an English to American sign language dictionary,

和英文翻美國手語的字典

but we don't have a Japanese sign language to Japanese dictionary

但是，我們沒有日本手語翻日文的字典

[or] an American sign language to English dictionary.

或美國手語翻英文的字典

When you saw me use sign language at the beginning of this presentation,

當妳／你看見我今天一開始做的手語姿勢

you [had] no idea what I said.

妳／你無法理解我的話

Then - how do you search [for] those signs?

那妳／你如何能找到這些手語？

SLinto is the place you can find the world's first sign language keyboard.

SLinto 是世界上第一個讓妳／你可以找到的手語的鍵盤

You can type the key for the fingers and the place of your hands,

妳／你可以在鍵盤上輸入資料

then you can search the words in sign language.

然後，妳／你可以找到一些手語裡相關的字

Finally, you can get the meaning in your language.

最後，妳／你可以可以找到手語的意思

SLinto is not only for Japanese [people] and Americans,

SLinto不只是為日本人和美國人而設

this platform can be used [for] all sign languages in the world.

這是一個為全世界所有的手語而設的平台

This is a crowdsourced dictionary,

這是一部群眾外包的字典

so you can join us to create this dictionary.

所以歡迎妳／你也加入我們來共同創造這部字典

You can just take a video of sign language, and upload - like YouTube,

妳／你只需要拍和上載一段手語的短片，像 YouTube

edit - like Wikipedia and share - like Facebook.

修訂，像 Wikipedia 和分享, 像臉書

Today is the first day of a totally new type of dictionary in history.

今天是第一天，在歷史裡，為字典打開了新一頁

Tech for the Deaf. Thank you.

也是為了聾啞人士的科技。謝謝

(Applause)

（掌聲）