Name: 【TED】Damon Horowitz: 監獄裡的哲理 (Damon Horowitz: Philosophy in prison)
Uploaded: 2017-03-09T02:45:00.000Z
Duration: 3 min 51 s
Description: 在今天這場 TED 演講中，我們可以看到一位因為年少輕狂而犯錯的人，從悲觀的認為自己一輩子會被烙印著「犯罪」的記號，到最後心靈上的解放。他接觸哲學後的改變過程到底是怎麼樣的呢？讓我們來看看吧！ 1ethics 1:03 ethics 就是指「道德倫理」。形容詞為 ethical。 基本上 ethics 跟 morals...

我們來認識一下東尼，他是我的學生

Just flash it, scare the guy. He's a punk.

只要亮一亮相，嚇嚇那傢伙。他是個小流氓

He took some money; we'll take his money. That'll teach him.

他之前拿了一些錢，我們要拿回來，教訓一下他

Then last minute, I'm thinking, 'Can't do this. This is wrong.'

然後在最後一分鐘，我在想， 『不能這樣做，這是不對的。』

我的朋友說：『來吧，讓我們幹場大的。』

And those three words, Tony's going to remember,

because the next thing he knows, he hears the pop.

因為接下來的事情，便是他聽到砰的一聲

There's the punk on the ground, puddle of blood.

那個小流氓在地面上, 躺在一坑血水之中

25 to life, parole at 50 if you're lucky,

25年到終生，如果幸運，在50年後假釋，

So when we meet in my philosophy class in his prison

所以，當我們在獄中哲學課會面時，

and I say, "In this class, we will discuss the foundations of ethics,"

我說，「 在這課程中，我們將會討論道德的基礎，」

"What are you going to teach me about right and wrong?

問 :「你要教我對與錯的什麼呢?

因為我知道什麼是錯的，我已經做錯了。

by every face I see, every wall I face, that I am wrong.

面對每一個人的臉，還有我面著的每一面牆，都告訴我我錯了

If I ever get out of here, there will always be a mark by my name.

如果我有機會離開這裡，我的名字將永遠有一個記號

我是一個罪犯，我被烙印著『 錯誤』

What are you going to tell me about right and wrong?"

你要告訴我什麼是對與不對？ 」

「 很抱歉，但它比你想像還更糟糕

I want to know about wrongness itself, the idea of wrong.

我想知道錯的本身，錯的基礎理念

How do we know that it's wrong? Maybe you and I disagree.

我們怎樣知道錯呢? 當你和我意見分歧

Maybe one of us is wrong about the wrong.

Maybe it's you, maybe it's me -- but we're not here to trade opinions;

也許是你， 也許是我—— 但我們在這裡不是為了要交換意見，

Our enemy is thoughtlessness. This is philosophy."

我們的敵人是輕率，而這就是哲學。」

"Could be I'm wrong. I'm tired of being wrong.

「可能是我錯了，我厭倦自己的錯誤

What Tony sees in that moment is the project of philosophy,

東尼在那一刻看到的是哲學的議題，

是康德（德國古典哲學創始人)）稱為

"admiration and awe at the starry sky above and the moral law within."

「 對頭上的星空和之內的道德律欽佩和敬畏 」。

What can creatures like us know of such things?

我們這樣的生物可以理解像這樣的事情嗎？

It is the project that always takes us back to the condition of existence ——

是這議題總是把我們帶回到存在的條件 ——

what Heidegger called "the always already there."

是海德格（德國哲學家）稱為「 已然存在」。

It is the project of questioning what we believe and why we believe it ——

這學問是要質疑我們相信什麼和為什麼相信——

what Socrates called "the examined life."

蘇格拉底稱為「檢驗的人生」。

Socrates, a man wise enough to know that he knows nothing.

蘇格拉底，有足夠的智慧認清自己的渺小

He learns his whys and wherefores, his causes and correlations,

他探悉了理由和原因，來頭和關連，

Turns out, Tony's got the philosophy muscle.

His body is in prison, but his mind is free.

他的肉身是在監獄裡，但他的精神是自由的

Tony learns about the ontologically promiscuous,

the ethically dubious, the metaphysically ridiculous.

道德上的可疑，和形而上學的荒謬

in which he argues that the categorical imperative

to deal with the conflict that affects our everyday

whether therefore we are condemned to moral failure,

是否我們因此被譙讓到道德上失敗，

Because in that moment, there's no mark by Tony's name;

因為在那一刻， 東尼的名字沒有囚犯的標記，

it is just two minds ready to do philosophy.