academic vocabulary, with the focus being on verbs. So, on the IELTS and on the TOEFL,

學術字彙，重點則是放在動詞。所以，在雅思和托福的考試中

vocabulary is, of course, extremely important.

單字固然非常重要

It's necessary in the reading section, in the writing sections, obviously in the listening, and it can help you in your speaking as well.

在閱讀、寫作、聽力、和口語測驗部分，單字都扮演著不可或缺的角色

So today what I'm going to do is look at 10 verbs that

所以，今天，我要教你們10個動詞

you can find in the back of almost any TOEFL or IELTS preparation book which comes with an academic word list.

你們可以在任何一本托福或雅思的參考書後面，看到這10個在學術字彙表中

And at the end, I'll let you know where you can find an academic word list that's a little more

在這堂課的最後，我會跟你們介紹哪一個學術字彙表較為

comprehensive, that not only has verbs, but nouns and adjectives. The answer is actually quite simple.

完整的，不只有動詞，還有名詞和形容詞。你們就會發現，要選出答案其實不難

So, let's begin with five verbs. The first one is: "estimate".

所以，我們一起來學習這五個動詞。第一個是：「estimate（估計）」

So "to estimate" means to predict or guess, not merely guess though,

「to estimate」指的是有評估過的預言或是猜測

to make an educated guess based on some kind of evidence. So, for example:

有一個依據的猜測。所以，例如

"Police estimated that 20 people were killed." It's a little dark to say that, but if you read

「警方估計有20人死亡」，這是有點悲傷的例子。但，如果你們讀

any newspaper article or if you are doing a reading section on a TOEFL or an IELTS,

任何一篇的新聞報道或是在做托福及雅思的閱讀部分

you might read something similar to this. So police estimated; they made a prediction.

你們可能會讀到類似這樣的內容。所以，警方做了一個大概估計及預測

Okay? The next word is: "identify".

下一個字是：「identify（找出）」

"Identify" is just another way to say: "show" or: "to point out", if you want to use a phrasal verb. So:

「Identify」就是和「show（展現）」的意思一樣，你們也可以用一個動詞片語「to point out（指出）」

"Scientists have identified numerous species." They have basically shown, discovered, pointed out numerous species.

「科學家已證實了許多的物種」。基本上，他們已經展示、發現、指出許多的物種

Okay, and just a reminder: all of these are verbs

另外在提醒一下：這些所有的動詞

which means you can use them in variety of tenses, all English tenses.

可以運用在任何一種英文時態

The next verb is: "interpret". "To interpret" means to give a personal analysis or a personal opinion on something.

下一個動詞是：「interpret（闡釋）」。「To interpret」指的是在某件事情上，給予個人的見解或意見

So you can interpret a text, you can interpret a film, you can

所以，你可以詮釋文本、你可以詮釋一齣電影、你也可以

interpret a person's words. The example we have here is:

解讀一個人的話。這個動詞的例句是：

"His poems have been interpreted in many ways." So they have been analyzed, and people have

「他的詩作已被解讀成很多形式」。所以，他們已經被人分析，人們也已經

developed their own opinions, many different types of opinions about his poems.

有他們自己的想法，對他的詩有不同的見解

So this comes from "interpretation" which I know some of you Latin speakers may be familiar with.

這個字是由名詞「interpretation」衍生出來的。我想，你們應該有些拉丁母語者蠻熟悉這個字（interpretation源自於拉丁字interpres）

The next verb is: "minimise". This is the opposite of: "maximize". When you think of "max",

下一個動詞是：「minimise（減少）」。相反詞是「maximize（放大）」。當你們想到「max」

you think of the top. Right? When you think of "to minimise" something, you think

你們就要知道是最上面的意思。而當你們想到「to minimise」某件事時，你們會想要

to keep it at a low level. So for example: "They attempted to minimise confusion."

讓他保持在最低點。例如：「他們試著要減少困惑感」

Whether that's because they created a text and they didn't want people to be confused by the text,

不管是不是因為他們發表了一篇文章，而他們不想讓他人有所誤解

so they kept the language at a, you know, manageable level that everyone could understand.

所以，你們知道的，他們用淺顯易懂的語言讓每個人都能領悟

And finally: "occur", a very common verb.

最後一個常見的動詞是：「occur（發生）」

And you might be wondering: "Well, what does 'occur' mean?" It just means: "happen",

你們可能在想：「’occur’是什麼意思？」他指的就是：「happen（發生）」的意思

it comes from an occurrence. "An occurrence" is an event, something which happens. So:

這個字是由名詞「occurrence」衍生出來的。「An occurrence」指的是一件事的發生。所以：

"This strange event occurred in 1994." The strange event happened in 1994.

「在1994年發生一件奇怪的事」。1994年發生一件怪事

Okay, guys, let's look at the other five verbs that I'm going to look at today.

好了，我們再一起看下面五個動詞

The next verb is: "obtain". Now, "to obtain" means to acquire or to get something.

下一個動詞是：「obtain（獲得）」。「to obtain」意思是得到或是獲得某件物

So for example: "Archaeologists obtained the lost artifact."

例如：「考古學家找到遺失的古物」

They acquired it, they got it, essentially. The next verb is: "prohibit".

他們實質上的得到他，獲得他。下一個動詞是：「prohibit（禁止）」

This comes from "prohibition" which is the noun form. "To prohibit" is to not allow something or not

這個字是由名詞「prohibition」衍生出來的。「To prohibit」意思是不允許某件事或是不

give permission to do something. So, for example: "Protesters were prohibited from entering."

同意做某件事。例如：「抗議人士禁止進入」

Maybe from entering the building or something like this, so they were not allowed, they

可能不行進入某建築物，像是這類的例子。他們不被允許的、

were not given permission, they were prohibited. The next is: "pursue".

沒得到許可的、禁止的。下一個動詞是：「pursue（追求）」

Basically, this is a very common verb which means to chase or to go after.

這個常見的動詞，基本上指的是放膽追求、努力朝向

So, for example: police pursue criminals. Or, as we have on the board: "He pursued a career in economics."

例如：「警察追捕犯人」。或是白板上的例子：「他朝經濟學方面發展」

So you can pursue a career, like chase after it, go after it.

所以，你們可以是追求一個生涯，像是放膽追求、努力朝向

Okay, the next verb is: "symbolise". "Symbolise", you might see the word: "symbol" in this.

下一個動詞是：「symbolise（象徵）」。「Symbolise」的名詞為「symbol」

A symbol is a representation of something. So: "to symbolise" is to represent. For example:

一個symbol指的是再現某件物。所以，「to symbolise」意思是再現。例如：

"In many cultures, the skull" - a human skull - "symbolizes death."

「在許多文化中，頭骨－人類的頭蓋骨－象徵著死亡」

It represents death. And finally, we have the verb: "transform"

最後一個動詞是：「transform（改變）」，動詞也是「transform」

which just means to change into, it comes from "transformation", which is the noun form.

指的是改變，是由名詞「transformation」衍生出來的

So, for example: "Caterpillars transform into butterflies."

例如：「毛毛蟲轉變成蝴蝶」

Okay, so today I have shown you 10 verbs. Now, again,

好了！今天，我教了你們10個動詞。再提醒一次

these 10 verbs are but a small, small sample of the total number of verbs

這只是在眾多學術動詞中的10個動詞

you're going to have to know and you're going to have to study to appropriately and adequately prepare for the IELTS or the TOEFL exam.

在托福和雅思的考試中，你們必須要知道也要有相當的把握

So if you would like a more comprehensive list, you can actually check it out in the resources section of www.engvid.com.

所以，如果你們想要一個更完整的必備單字表，你們可以來www.engvid.com看看

And also, keep an eye out for lessons... Similar lessons in the future about IELTS and TOEFL vocabulary related to nouns and to adjectives.

以後，也不要忘記留意其他有關雅思及托福的名詞和形容詞課程

For today, if you'd like to test your understanding of the 10 verbs I have taught you, you can always check out the quiz on www.engvid.com.

今天，如果你想測試自己是否了解以上10個動詞，你可以到www.engvid.com做個小測驗

And don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel.

不要忘記訂閱我YouTube的頻道

Thanks guys.

謝謝你們大家的收看！