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  • What if you could take action to reduce crime, improve health and education levels,

    如果你能採取行動減少犯罪,提高健康和教育水準。

  • increase family incomes and state revenues, and improve the quality of life in communities throughout your state?

    增加家庭收入和國家收入,並提高貴州各地社區的生活品質?

  • Where would you begin?

    你會從哪裡開始?

  • Science tells us that we may find the solutions to these complex social problems in early childhood

    科學告訴我們,我們可能會在幼兒時期找到解決這些複雜社會問題的辦法

  • when the architecture of the brain begins to form.

    當大腦的架構開始形成。

  • Brain architecture is built over time and shaped by experiences starting in the earliest years of life.

    大腦的架構是隨著時間的推移而建立的,並從生命的最初幾年開始由經驗所塑造。

  • The most important experiences come from the environment of relationships that interacts with each child:

    最重要的經驗來自與每個孩子互動的關係環境。

  • parents, extended family, and caregivers of all kinds.

    父母、大家庭和各類護理人員。

  • But serious adversity early in life can disrupt healthy brain development.

    但早期的嚴重逆境會破壞大腦的健康發育。

  • Both brain architecture and behavior are increasingly difficult to change as individuals get older

    隨著個體年齡的增長,大腦結構和行為都越來越難以改變。

  • so what happens early matters for a lifetime.

    所以,早期發生的事情關係到一生。

  • Now, imagine you can take action to improve the lives of children and the quality of life in this community.

    現在,想象一下,你可以採取行動,改善兒童的生活和這個社區的生活品質。

  • Where and when would that action be most effective?

    這種行動在哪裡和何時最有效?

  • The links between policy, parenting, and brain architecture become much more clear when we can see how formative events

    當我們能夠看到形成性事件是如何形成的,政策、養育和大腦結構之間的聯繫就會變得更加清晰。

  • and family and community environments affect child development.

    以及家庭和社區環境對兒童發展的影響。

  • For example, policymakers want to make their communities safer, or improve children's learning, or reduce the cost of chronic health problems.

    例如,政策制定者希望使他們的社區更安全,或改善兒童的學習,或減少慢性健康問題的成本。

  • A child raised in this environment may experience lower levels of stress and more opportunities for learning.

    在這種環境下長大的孩子,可能會經歷較低的壓力和更多的學習機會。

  • That leads to sturdy brain architecture and a healthy stress response system

    這將導致堅固的大腦結構和健康的壓力反應系統。

  • which prepare the child to achieve higher levels of literacy and other skills early in life

    為兒童在生命早期達到更高的識字水準和其他技能做準備;

  • and later leads to improved school achievement and decreased dropout rates.

    而後導致學校成績的提高和輟學率的降低。

  • Positive early experiences can also reduce levels of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.

    積極的早期經驗也可以降低肥胖、糖尿病和心臟病的水準。

  • Increased health and education levels can have positive effects across society, like reduced crime and increased income and tax revenues.

    健康和教育水準的提高可以對整個社會產生積極的影響,如減少犯罪、增加收入和稅收。

  • Policies affect both individuals and communities, so making wise choices that support early brain development can improve health, behavior, and learning throughout life.

    政策會影響到個人和社區,是以做出明智的選擇,支持早期的大腦發育,可以改善一生的健康、行為和學習。

What if you could take action to reduce crime, improve health and education levels,

如果你能採取行動減少犯罪,提高健康和教育水準。

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