Name: 一位爺爺將時鐘向前調了一小時。他的心臟就是這樣關閉的。 (A Grandpa Set His Clock Forward 1 Hour. This Is How His Heart Shutdown.)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:56:11.000Z
Duration: 13 min 34 s
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副詞型分詞構句

KC is a 79 year old man, presenting to the emergency room with chest pain radiating to

His wife Jane, tells the admitting nurse that earlier in the morning, he had become short

He felt nauseous, and light headed, before collapsing to the floor.

You see, KC was observing a yearly time change enacted by US Law, Daylight Saving Time, where

everyone in the country would set their clock forward 1 hour at 2am the second Sunday in

Officially, the reason to do this is to save energy and boost the economy by increasing

the number of daylight hours during spring and summer seasons, but KC’s case is part

of a building body of evidence: this time change can negatively affect human health.

Immediately after setting his clock an hour forward, KC felt disoriented.

He had done this before for the last 45 years of his life, so there’s nothing different

He did have trouble sleeping that weekend because of the time change, though he didn’t

But the next day on Monday morning, just before breakfast, KC suddenly felt his jaw become

He gripped the armrests of his chair, because every breath he tried to take, was a struggle.

He didn’t want to tell his son downstairs, because he thought it would frighten the grandkids.

He didn’t want to tell his wife, because he thought she’d overreact.

At lunchtime, KC tried to lay down because he thought he could sleep this off.

But 20 minutes later, he vomited 3 times with no relief.

His wife found him collapsed on the floor as she called for 911, and he’s brought

Given this history of present illness, there’s a few clues as to what’s happening.

Chest pain with shortness of breath could be a problem of the lungs.

But it could also be a problem of the heart.

KC had a prior history of diabetes and asthma, which could be the main problem here, but

The medical team immediately draws some of KC’s blood, and they hook him up to an ECG.

Proteins and enzymes from his heart muscle were found floating around in his blood, and

the ECG confirmed the medical team’s suspicions: KC is having an ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Cardia from Ancient Greek referring to the heart.

Infarction from Latin farcire meaning to stuff into, and more modernly meaning a blockage

Death of heart muscle, due to a blockage of blood flow.

And ST-elevation referring to the ECG reading that he has a specific change in the electricity

of his heart, meaning he is having a heart attack, which brings us to the next clue.

KC told the medical team that he was a type 2 diabetic.

This means that his body’s cells are resistant to insulin.

This is a hormone your body releases after you eat.

Insulin enables the shift of those nutrients you just ate, in to the cells, like sugar.

When the body doesn’t respond to insulin anymore, blood sugars stay high, because they’re

not going in to the cells, but also, the body starts putting out wrong signals because it

thinks that insulin isn’t being released, so it asks for more.

The body, thinks it’s starving and starts metabolizing fat stores in to the blood stream.

As these fats float around, some of them, get transported in to the liver, to make cholesterol.

Lipid referring to fats, And emia meaning presence in blood.

This means these blood fats will start pooling in the vessels that supply blood to the heart,

Big muscles are very oxygen hungry, so they need a lot of it to function.

Blocking the coronary arteries will starve the heart of oxygen, and cause parts of it

And in KC, parts of his heart, were starting to die, bringing us back to the name ST-elevation

KC was at increased risk of heart attack to begin with.

At 79 years old, his heart has degraded over time because of normal wear and tear.

No one at 80, has the same heart as they did when they were 20.

But KC’s heart also degraded more because his diabetes means his body’s metabolism

His body can’t get his blood fats right.

And his body can’t signal right with the correct hormones.

Fats start to pool in his coronary arteries.

This causes the smooth muscle lining inside the arteries, to die.

White blood cells rush in to the site because they detect damage.

They start to engulf the dead cells of the artery wall, but they also engulf the fats.

And as more fats keep accumulating, these white blood cells start to die too [necrotic

Smooth muscle cells start to make collagen and proteins, to cover up this dead necrotic

This fibrous cap seals the area, and the plaque formation is complete.

But while this plaque can cause a heart attack by itself

,it isn’t always an ST-elevation heart attack.

ST-elevation means full blockage, meaning whatever is there isn’t just fat, but something

Well, it would have to be something that’s already in the blood.

It could be more fat, but probably not likely since this is so sudden.

It’s not sugar because that’s probably not going to clump up in solution.

But speaking of clumping up, how about a blood clot?

This additional blockage can happen suddenly.

It can cause immediate changes in an ECG reading, that changes over minutes, as heart muscle

Without fresh blood flowing in, waste products from cells begin to accumulate.

The heart tries to compensate, but as each minute passes by, parts of KC’s heart keep

Clots usually form when you get a cut, like on your skin, so did he get a cut inside a

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一位爺爺將時鐘向前調了一小時。他的心臟就是這樣關閉的。 (A Grandpa Set His Clock Forward 1 Hour. This Is How His Heart Shutdown.)

immune

rhythm

present

diabetes