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  • >>WOMAN: The last video we talked about the limitations of biological mind control

    >>女人:我們談到的最後一個視頻 的生物精神控制的限制

  • because neuroscience doesn't understand how information is encoded in the brain

    因為神經系統不知道如何 信息進行編碼,在大腦中

  • and the central nervous system. Someone was cool enough to send me a link to an

    和中樞神經系統。有人在 足夠的冷靜給我一個鏈接到一個

  • article written in 2007 of August by Discover Magazine, and the article was called

    文章寫於2007年8月發現 雜誌,和文章被稱為

  • Ten Unsolved Mysteries of the Brain. That's what we're going to talk about.

    大腦的十大未解之謎。這是 我們要談論什麼。

  • What are the ten top mysteries of the brain?

    前十名的大腦的奧秘是什麼?

  • This is really interesting stuff, and it ties right into the last video that I did.

    這是非常有趣的東西,它關係 進入最後的視頻,我權。

  • I'm going to go over all of the top ten mysteries of the brain and I'm going to make

    我會去的十大奧秘 的大腦,我要

  • comments about each one, but before I go over the top ten mysteries of the brain,

    左右各一的意見,但在此之前我去了 排名前十的大腦的奧秘,

  • I want to make a comment about what all of the top ten mysteries have in common.

    我要評論一下所有的 前十位的奧秘有共通之處。

  • You see, in philosophy, in psychology, in fact, in just about any of the sciences,

    你看,在哲學,心理學, 事實上,在幾乎所有的科學,

  • an important distinction is made about the function of something and the structure

    一個重要的區別的 的一些功能和結構

  • of something. By function we are talking about the intentions behind something;

    的東西。按功能我們正在談論 事情背後的意圖;

  • its purpose, what it does, its activities and the result of that activity.

    它的目的,它做什麼,它的活動 該活動的結果。

  • For example, if you have a fork, the function of that fork is to pick up food.

    例如,如果你有一個叉,功能 的,叉子夾起食物。

  • By structure we are referring to physical form; how the object is arranged, its shape,

    結構,我們指的是物理 形式;對象是如何佈置,其形狀,

  • it's physical parts and how those parts fit together into a whole.

    它的身體部分,這些部分是如何配合 連成一個整體。

  • This structure of a fork is a metal shaft with three or four sharp prongs pointed

    叉子的這種結構是一個金屬軸 有三個或四個尖銳的叉子指出

  • out from the shaft. In psychology, the mind in terms of function means what the mind

    從軸。在心理學上,頭腦 在功能方面意味著什麼心靈

  • does. For example, some of these functions would include memory, perception,

    不。例如,一些這些功能 包括記憶,知覺,

  • reasoning and emotional response. These different functions in the mind of psychology

    推理和情緒反應。這些不同的 在腦海中的心理功能

  • are called mental faculties. In psychology, when we talk about structure we are talking

    被稱為精神院系。在心理學上, 當我們談論結構,我們正在談論

  • about

    關於

  • the brain; the physical structure of the brain, the parts of the brain, the neurons,

    大腦,大腦的物理結構, 部位的腦,神經元,

  • the neurotransmitters, etc.

    神經遞質等。

  • The words mind and brain tend to be used interchangeably in common speech. However,

    心靈和大腦的話,往往可以互換使用 在共同的講話。但是,

  • in psychology, and in the philosophy of mind, the brain is used to refer exclusively

    在心理學上,而在心靈哲學, 大腦用於專指

  • to the structure of the brain. Mind is used to refer exclusively to the mental

    的大腦的結構。心是 專指的心理

  • functions of the mind. So, the basic assumption that biological psychology is based on,

    功能的初衷。因此,基本假設 生物心理學的基礎上,

  • meaning the actual foundation that the entire subject is built on top of

    這意味著實際的基礎,整個 主題是建立在頂部

  • is that the physical structure of the brain is responsible for the non physical function

    是,大腦的物理結構 負責非物理功能

  • of the mind.

    的初衷。

  • Mystery Number ten: What is consciousness?

    神秘號碼10:什麼是意識?

  • Well, there's been a great deal of research done in an attempt to unlock the mystery

    嗯,有過大量的研究 在試圖完成解鎖謎

  • of just what consciousness is, but not only is the phenomena of consciousness not understood

    只有意識是什麼,但不是唯一的 的現象是不理解的意識

  • on a structural level, but there isn't a good agreed upon functional model for just what

    的結構的水平上,但也有是不是一個好 正是商定功能模型

  • this phenomena is either. One thing that's interesting about consciousness is that on

    這種現象。一件事是 有趣的意識是,在

  • a

  • functional level it appears to exist outside of the mind as if it's looking in.

    功能級別,它似乎存在外 的頭腦,如果它往裡看。

  • For example, if you compare the mind to a computer, both the mind and the computer store

    例如,如果你的頭腦比較到 計算機,心靈和電腦商店

  • information. Both the mind and the computer input information. Both the mind and the

    的信息。 ,兩個頭腦和電腦 輸入信息。無論是心靈和

  • computer process information and both the mind and the computer output information.

    計算機的過程信息和 頭腦和計算機輸出的信息。

  • But, no one assumes that the computer is aware of what it is doing. Now, consciousness

    但是,沒有人假設電腦是知道的 它在做什麼。現在,意識

  • is the computer user. It knows what the computer is doing and it's guiding its operations.

    是電腦用戶。它知道什麼電腦 在做什麼,它的指導操作。

  • Mystery number nine: How do the specialized systems of the brain integrate with one another?

    神秘九:如何做專門的 系統的大腦相互集成?

  • This relates to consciousness. In other words, perceptional information flows to different

    這涉及到意識。換言之, 知覺信息流的不同

  • parts of the brain. Sight goes to one part of the brain. Sound goes to another part of

    部分的大腦。視的一部分 的大腦。音響去的另一部分

  • the brain. Taste goes to another part of the brain, and tactile sensation goes to another

    大腦。味道去的另一部分 腦,和觸覺進入到另一個

  • part.

    的一部分。

  • But, when you perceive the world you view all of these as an integrated whole even though

    但是,當你對世界的看法,您可以查看 所有這些作為一個整體,即使

  • these areas of the brain are not connected together. How does this work? No one knows.

    這些領域的大腦沒有連接 在一起。這是如何工作的?沒有人知道。

  • It's a mystery.

    這是一個謎。

  • Mystery Number eight: Why do brains sleep and dream?

    神秘八:為什麼大腦睡覺 和夢想是什麼?

  • My comment: No one knows. But, what we do know is that if you deny someone of their

    我的評論:沒有人知道。但是,我們做什麼 知道的是,如果你拒絕他們的人

  • sleep

    睡覺

  • and dreaming, then they begin to exhibit signs of mental illnesses.

    和夢想,那麼,他們開始表現出的跡象 精神疾病。

  • In fact, there was a study done where psychiatrists couldn't tell whether someone was

    事實上,所做的一項研究中,精神科醫生 不知道是否有人

  • diagnosed as mentally ill or if they just had a lack of sleep.

    診斷為精神病患者,如果他們只是 缺乏睡眠。

  • Mystery number seven: How is time represented in the brain?

    神秘數字七:如何表示的時間 在大腦中嗎?

  • Again, no one knows, but what we do know is that it's not at all at uniformed rate.

    同樣,沒有人知道,但我們知道的是 這不是在所有穿制服的速度。

  • After all, sometimes, time seems to pass very quickly and other times

    畢竟,有時,時間似乎傳遞非常 和其他

  • time seems to drag on forever. We do know that it is probably related to

    時間似乎永遠拖。我們知道 它可能與

  • completed sequences of motion. For example, when you are very busy time passed very

    完成序列的議案。例如, 當你非常忙,時間過得

  • quickly.

    快。

  • Mystery number six: What is intelligence?

    神秘數字6:什麼是智慧呢?

  • Psychologists have yet to come up with a clear definition of intelligence that everyone

    心理學家還沒有拿出一個明確的 情報的定義,每個人都

  • can agree on. Because of this, there is no objective standard of what intelligence is.

    的一致贊同。正因為如此,有沒有 什麼情報的客觀標準。

  • So, IQ is just an arbitrary number given to people when compared to other people who have

    因此,智商只是一個任意的號碼 人相比,其他人誰也

  • taken the test. But there is no actual standard that exists outside of people taking

    參加測試。但有沒有實際的標準 存在外面的人服用

  • this test. What we can tell is that intelligence is a combination of many, many

    本次測試。我們可以告訴的是,情報 很多,很多的組合

  • different factors. Imagination, perception, education, literacy, reasoning ability.

    不同的因素。想像,感悟, 教育,掃盲,推理的能力。

  • It's not just one thing, and all of us have different levels of abilities at each one

    這不只是一件事,我們所有的人都 不同級別的能力,在每一個

  • of these factors. We sort of lump all of these factors together and call it

    這些因素。我們把所有的這些類型的 因素的共同作用,並調用它

  • intelligence.

    情報。

  • Mystery number five: What are emotions?

    神秘五:什麼是情緒呢?

  • Well, I already did a video about this, and if you're interested, go ahead and check out

    好了,我已經對這個做了一個視頻,和 如果你有興趣,繼續前進,並檢查了

  • Music, Emotions and Mind Control.

    音樂,情感和精神控制。

  • Mystery number four: How does the mind simulate the future?

    奧秘四:是否介意,如何模擬 未來呢?

  • In other words, how do people imaging future events and predict consequence.

    換句話說,人怎麼辦成像的未來 事件和預測的後果。

  • My only comment on this is if you compared a mind to a super computer this one ability

    我唯一​​的評論是,如果你在此相比, 一記一台超級計算機能力

  • would make the super computer look like a pocket calculator.

    ,會使超級計算機看起來像一個 袖珍計算器。

  • Mystery number three: What does the baseline activity in the brain represent?

    謎之三:什麼是基線 活動在大腦中代表什麼呢?

  • This is a complex one and I don't have time to go over it in this video, but essentially,

    這是一個複雜的問題,我沒有時間 走了過來,在這個視頻,但本質上,

  • I don't think scientists can establish a baseline, because I don't believe that

    我不認為科學家可以建立一個基線, 因為我不相信

  • a baseline for brain activity even exists.

    大腦活動的基準線的存在。

  • Mystery number two: How are memories stored and retrieved?

    謎之二:記憶如何存儲 恢復了?

  • Now this point is fascinating and I'll have to do a whole video on the subject.

    現在,這點很吸引人,我得 做了整部影片的主題。

  • I will say that the scientist who is known as the father of neurology

    我會說,被稱為科學家 作為神經學之父

  • and the scientist who won a Nobel Prize for discovering how neurotransmitters work,

    和科學家獲得了諾貝爾物理學獎。 發現神經遞質工作,

  • both came up with the conclusion that memories are not stored in the brain.

    想出了這樣的結論的回憶 不存儲在大腦中。

  • How can that be? Well, You'll have to stay tuned!

    怎麼會這樣呢?那麼,你就必須留 關注!

  • And what is the biggest mystery of the brain?

    的大腦的最大的謎團是什麼?

  • Mystery number one: How is information encoded in the brain?

    奧秘一:信息是如何編碼 在大腦中嗎?

  • Now, this is the Holy Grail of biological psychology or psychiatry, and because

    現在,這是聖杯的生物 心理學或精神病學,因為

  • it's not understood, it dramatically limits what psychiatry is able to do.

    它的不理解,它極大地限制 什麼樣的精神病學是能夠做到的。

  • I did a whole video on this earlier. If you're interested you can check it out.

    我做了一個整體的這種早期的視頻。如果你 感興趣的話可以檢查出來。

  • It's called Biological Mind Control.

    這就是所謂的生物的精神控制。

  • In a future video we'll be talking about brainwashing. What exactly is brainwashing?

    在未來的視頻中,我們將談論洗腦。 究竟什麼是洗腦?

  • Thanks for watching. Please rate my video and I'll see you next time!

    感謝收看。請評價我的視頻 我會看到你下一次!

>>WOMAN: The last video we talked about the limitations of biological mind control

>>女人:我們談到的最後一個視頻 的生物精神控制的限制

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