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  • Nice, that white belly’s just so distinctive.

    不錯,那白色的肚皮就是這麼與眾不同。

  • Wow, that is awesome. You know,

    哇,這是真棒。你知道嗎?

  • whether it's the brilliant red of Northern Cardinal

    不管是北斗七星的豔麗的紅

  • or the dapper plumage of this Tricolored Heron,

    或者是這隻三色鷺的帥氣羽毛。

  • color is what attracts so many of us to birding.

    顏色是什麼吸引了我們這麼多的鳥類。

  • But for identification purposes,

    但為了鑑定。

  • it's not so much color, as it is color pattern,

    它'不是那麼多的顏色,因為它是顏色模式。

  • that we find so useful in the field.

    我們發現在該領域非常有用。

  • On this episode of "Inside Birding",

    在這一集的"Inside Birding"。

  • we're going to explore the second key to identification: color pattern,

    我們'要探討識別的第二個關鍵:顏色圖案。

  • and reveal how this easy-to-see clue can help you identify more birds.

    並揭示這條易見的線索如何幫助你識別更多的鳥類。

  • Birders often get really frustrated when they try to make an exact comparison

    當鳥友們試圖進行精確的比較時,他們常常會感到非常沮喪。

  • between the birds that they see in the field

    阡陌縱橫

  • with those they find in their field guides.

    與他們在野外指南中發現的那些。

  • While the illustrations in your field guides are often accurate, theyre artistic

    雖然你的野外指南中的插圖往往是準確的,但它們是藝術的。

  • depictions of birds in perfect plumages. The problem is when were in the field

    描繪鳥兒完美的羽毛。問題是,當我們在野外的時候

  • we rarely see birds in perfect plumages or in ideal conditions.

    我們很少能看到羽毛完美的鳥兒,也很少能看到條件理想的鳥兒。

  • This means that if you rely on a subtle plumage detail, youll probably get frustrated

    這意味著,如果你依賴一個微妙的羽翼細節,你可能會感到沮喪。

  • and may miss out on the chance to identify the bird before it flies away.

    並可能會在鳥兒飛走之前錯過識別它的機會。

  • So what do you do? Ignore the subtleties, focus on the big picture,

    那麼,你是怎麼做的呢? 忽略細枝末節,關注大局。

  • and look at overall color pattern.

    並看整體的色彩模式。

  • Oh, look, there’s a Pileated Woodpecker.

    哦,看,那是一隻啄木鳥。

  • Sweet. This is a great bird for looking at color pattern

    甜蜜。這是一個偉大的鳥看顏色模式

  • because it's so distinct.

    因為它是如此的與眾不同。

  • When we use color pattern to identify a bird, were trying

    當我們使用顏色模式來識別鳥類時,我們正試圖

  • to generate an overall impression

    給人以整體印象

  • of how color is arranged on a bird’s body. This can be as simple or detailed

    色彩在鳥身上的排列方式。 這可以是簡單的或詳細的

  • as your look at the bird will allow.

    因為你的看鳥會允許。

  • For example, if youre in a woodland and you see a bird like this Pileated Woodpecker

    比如說,如果你在林地裡看到一隻像這樣的鳥,那就是啄木鳥。

  • and it flashes through your field of view quickly,

    並迅速在你的視野中閃過。

  • maybe all youll notice is that it’s an overwhelmingly black and white bird.

    也許你會注意到,這是一個壓倒性的黑色和白色的鳥。

  • This is a decent start,

    這是個不錯的開始。

  • but youve got better chance of

    但你已經得到了更好的機會

  • identifying the bird if youre able to describe the pattern of color on its body.

    如果你能描述出鳥兒身上的顏色圖案,就能識別出它的身份。

  • The best descriptions are like overall color inventories

    最好的描述就像整體的色彩清單一樣

  • of the different parts of a bird.

    的不同部分的鳥。

  • On this Pileated Woodpecker, I might say that it has a black body

    在這隻啄木鳥身上,我可以說它的身體是黑色的。

  • with a red crest,

    有著紅色的徽章。

  • and white in the wings.

    和白色的翅膀。

  • If you get a really good look at the bird,

    如果你能真正看清這隻鳥。

  • you can look at additional features that are helpful for identification.

    你可以看看其他對識別有幫助的功能。

  • On this Pileated Woodpecker, I’d say that it has a black-and-white pattern

    在這隻啄木鳥身上,我覺得它的圖案是黑白相間的。

  • on its head and neck.

    在其頭部和頸部。

  • All right, now that weve identified a Pileated Woodpecker using color pattern,

    好了,現在我們已經用顏色圖案確定了一隻絨毛啄木鳥。

  • let’s practice the skill by looking at some examples.

    讓我們通過一些例子來練習技能。

  • While there aren’t tons of birds that youll be able to identify by color pattern alone,

    雖然沒有大量的鳥類,你可以僅通過顏色圖案來識別。

  • the Yellow-headed Blackbird is certainly one that you can.

    黃頭黑鳥當然是可以的。

  • If you don't recognize this denizen of western marshes

    如果你不認識這個西部沼澤地的居民的話

  • by its raucous courtship display,

    由其喧鬧的求偶表演。

  • you should have no problem identifying it by its color pattern. It’s got a black body

    你應該沒有問題識別它的顏色模式。 它有一個黑色的身體

  • with a bright yellow head, and a little white patch on the wings.

    頭部呈明黃色,翅膀上有一點白色的斑點。

  • The male American Redstart is one of the easiest warblers to identify

    雄性美國紅雀是最容易識別的鶯類之一。

  • thanks to its color pattern. The stunning contrast between orange and black

    由於它的色彩圖案。橙色和黑色之間的驚人對比

  • make it almost unmistakable. If I were to describe its color pattern,

    使得它幾乎無懈可擊。 如果讓我來形容它的顏色圖案。

  • I might say it's got a jet black head and body,

    我可能會說它'有一個噴氣黑色的頭和身體。

  • with orange patches on the sides of the breasts, wings, and tail.

    胸部、翅膀和尾巴的兩側有橙色的斑點。

  • Let's face it,

    讓我們面對它。

  • birds are capable of moving really quickly.

    鳥類的行動能力真的很快。

  • One minute you see them and the next theyre gone.

    前一分鐘你看到他們,下一分鐘他們就消失了。

  • In the heat of the moment, it can be really hard to know

    在熱的時刻,它可能真的很難知道。

  • where to focus your attention.

    在哪裡集中你的注意力。

  • For this reason, it's important to train yourself to look at the bird's body parts

    是以,訓練自己看鳥的身體部位很重要。

  • and patterns that are most useful for an identification.

    和模式,對鑑定最有用。

  • And that's the subject of today's "pro insight".

    這就是今天'的主題'的"親見"。

  • When you're trying to identify a bird,

    當你'試圖識別一隻鳥。

  • it's important to look for patterns and features that really stand out.

    尋找真正突出的圖案和特徵很重要。

  • After trying a lot of different approaches, I found there's two parts of

    在嘗試了很多不同的方法後,我發現有'的兩個部分。

  • a bird that are most useful for identification:

    的鳥,最有助於識別。

  • the bird's head and wings.

    鳥的頭和翅膀。

  • Let's start by looking at the wings.

    讓我們'從看翅膀開始。

  • This is a Lazuli Bunting and

    這是一個琉璃布丁和

  • it has a color pattern that's similar to both Eastern and Western Bluebirds

    它有一個顏色模式,'的類似於東方和西方藍鳥--。

  • blue above

    藍色以上

  • with some orange on the breast

    橙子

  • and a white belly.

    和白肚皮。

  • But what really jumps out and distinguishes the Lazuli Bunting

    但真正讓人眼前一亮、與眾不同的是琉璃布丁。

  • from either of the bluebirds, are the two bold white markings on the wings

    從任何一隻藍鳥,是兩個大膽的白色標記在翅膀上的

  • which we call wing bars.

    我們稱之為翼條。

  • Let's look at some video and see how this looks on the Lazuli Bunting

    讓我們'看看一些視頻,看看這看起來如何在Lazuli Bunting身上

  • in the field.

    在外地。

  • You'll see that there is variation between individuals;

    你'會發現,個體之間是有差異的。

  • but remember,

    但要記住,

  • we're looking for color patterns that really stand out,

    我們'正在尋找真正突出的顏色圖案。

  • and on this Lazuli Bunting, the thing that I first noticed

    而在這隻Lazuli Bunting上,我首先注意到的是... ...

  • is the bold white upper wing bar.

    是粗體的白色上翼條。

  • This Lazuli Bunting is a little bit more obstructed, maybe more like we

    這款琉璃布丁比較礙事,也許更像我們的。

  • would see in the field. But if we look carefully,

    會在現場看到。 但如果我們仔細觀察。

  • we can still make out that bold white wing bar.

    我們還能看出那個粗大的白色翼條。

  • By training yourself to look at a bird's wings and look for wing bars, you'll be

    通過訓練自己觀察鳥類的翅膀,尋找翼條,你將會是

  • able to more accurately identify birds like this Lazuli Bunting.

    能夠更準確地識別像這隻拉蘇里鵐這樣的鳥類。

  • Now let's turn our attention to the bird’s head

    現在,讓我們把目光轉向鳥的頭部

  • and look for facial features that will be most useful for identification.

    並尋找對識別最有用的面部特徵。

  • One of the best starting points

    最好的出發點之一

  • is the eye-ring.

    是眼圈。

  • An eye-ring is generally a bold, contrasting group of feathers or skin

    眼環一般是一組大膽的、對比強烈的羽毛或皮膚。

  • around the bird's eye.

    在鳥眼周圍'。

  • This Nashville Warbler provides a great example.

    這隻納什維爾鶯提供了一個很好的例子。

  • It’s generally yellow below, olive above, with a grayish head.

    一般下面是黃色的,上面是橄欖色的,頭部是灰色的。

  • But the thing that really stands out and that can help you identify it,

    但真正突出的東西,可以幫助你識別它。

  • is the bird’s bold white eye-ring.

    是鳥兒大膽的白色眼圈。

  • Even on a video like this, when you're looking up in a tree and seeing a bird

    即使是在這樣的視頻中,當你'在樹上抬頭看到一隻鳥時

  • flitting around quickly,

    迅速地飛來飛去。

  • if you've trained yourself to look at the bird’s head

    如果你已經訓練自己看鳥的頭

  • and see that bold white eye-ring,

    並看到那粗大的白色眼圈。

  • you'll have no trouble recognizing this as a Nashville Warbler.

    你'將不費吹灰之力地認識到這是一個納什維爾鶯。

  • Now, let's take a look at a different facial feature:

    現在,讓我們來看看不同的面部特徵。

  • the spectacles.

    的眼鏡。

  • Oh, this is pretty cool.

    哦,這是非常酷的。

  • Check out this Blue-headed Vireo that's sitting on its nest.

    看看這個藍頭維羅,'坐在它的巢穴上。

  • This bird has bold white spectacles.

    這隻鳥有一個大膽的白色眼鏡。

  • The white spectacles are similar to an eye-ring,

    白色眼鏡類似於眼圈。

  • but if you look carefully, youll see that the white circle is broken

    但如果你仔細觀察,你會發現,白色的圓圈被打破了。

  • by some black in front of the eye.

    由眼前的一些黑色。

  • The white thing continues around over the bill, making it look

    白色的東西繼續圍繞在鈔票上,使它看起來。

  • like the bird is wearing eyeglasses.

    像鳥兒戴著眼鏡。

  • If we take a look at the bird's entire body, like in this still image,

    如果我們看一下這隻鳥的整個身體,就像這張靜止的圖片。

  • we see those bold white spectacles, but well also notice that this bird has

    我們看到那些粗大的白色眼鏡,但我們也會注意到這隻鳥有

  • two bold white wing bars.

    兩根粗壯的白色翼條。

  • Couple this with your observations of the bird's overall color pattern and

    再加上你對這隻鳥的整體色彩模式的觀察,以及。

  • you'll easily be able identify this bird

    你會很容易就能識別這隻鳥。

  • as a Blue-headed Vireo.

    作為藍頭維羅。

  • Sometimes a bird’s face pattern

    有時候,鳥的臉型

  • may be a bit more involved.

    可能涉及的內容比較多。

  • This Chipping Sparrow

    這隻麻雀

  • doesn't have spectacles or a bold white eye-ring,

    不'沒有眼鏡,也沒有大膽的白色眼圈。

  • but it does have a distinctive face pattern.

    但它的臉型確實很有特色。

  • Let’s zoom in and learn

    讓我們放大來學習

  • some terminology that will help us describe what we're seeing.

    一些術語,將幫助我們描述我們所看到的。

  • Let's start at the top

    讓我們從頭開始

  • of the bird’s head, an area that we call

    在鳥的頭部,我們稱這個區域為

  • the crown.

    王冠。

  • On this Chipping Sparrow,

    在這隻千斤麻雀上。

  • the crown are the rufous feathers,

    王冠上是紅褐色的羽毛。

  • just as it sounds, at the top of the bird’s head.

    正如它的聲音,在鳥的頭頂。

  • The crown is bordered by a white line below

    冠部下方有一條白線。

  • which we call the supercilium.

    我們稱其為 "上瞼"。

  • The supercilium runs from above and in front of the bird’s eye

    上瞼從上而下,在鳥眼的前方。

  • to the back of its head

    後腦勺

  • and it's defined by the black line beneath it,

    而它'的定義是由它下面的黑線。

  • the eye-line.

    眼線。

  • Eye-lines run from the bird’s bill back through the eye

    眼線從鳥喙到眼球,再到眼球

  • to the back of the head.

    到後腦勺。

  • Below the eye-line,

    眼線以下。

  • you'll notice this grayish group of feathers that appear to

    你'會注意到這個灰色的羽毛組,出現了

  • be on the bird’s cheek.

    是在鳥的臉頰上。

  • These are called the ear coverts

    這就是所謂的耳套

  • or auriculars.

    或耳廓。

  • Beneath this and

    在此之下和

  • just above the bird’s throat

    喉際

  • is an area that’s a little more difficult to see on this bird,

    是這隻鳥身上比較難看的一個區域。

  • the malar.

    馬拉爾。

  • This is the white area just below the ear coverts

    這是耳罩下面的白色區域。

  • that are bordered by a fine blackish line.

    邊緣有一條黑色的細線。

  • Now let’s put everything weve learned together on a single bird,

    現在讓我們把我們所學到的一切都放在一隻鳥身上。

  • the Golden-crowned Kinglet.

    的金冠王者。

  • This bird doesn't have an eye-ring

    這隻鳥沒有眼環。

  • or spectacles,

    或眼鏡。

  • but it does have a gold crown,

    但它確實有一個金冠。

  • bordered by black stripes running along the side of the crown.

    邊緣有黑色條紋,沿皇冠的側面延伸。

  • Below that is a white supercilium that runs above the bird's dark eye-line.

    下面是一個白色的上瞼,貫穿在鳥兒的黑眼線之上'。

  • And finally,

    最後是:

  • check out the wings, it's got an obvious bold white wing bar.

    檢查出的翅膀,它'了一個明顯的大膽的白色翼條。

  • Together all these patterns help us identify the bird as a Golden-crowned Kinglet.

    所有這些模式一起幫助我們確定這隻鳥是金冠大王。

  • We could look for more subtle details, but remember were training ourselves to

    我們可以尋找更多微妙的細節,但請記住,我們正在訓練我們自己

  • see the patterns that really stand out.

    看到真正突出的圖案。

  • Birding by color pattern is all about looking past subtle plumage details

    通過顏色圖案看鳥,就是要看透微妙的羽毛細節。

  • and taking in an overall color inventory.

    並對整體色彩進行盤點。

  • The more time you spend watching the bird, the better you'll be able to describe its

    觀察鳥的時間越長,你就越能描述它的。

  • color pattern and apply it to your identification.

    顏色圖案,並將其應用於你的識別。

  • Recognizing color pattern is a fundamental key

    認識色彩圖案是基本的關鍵

  • for becoming a better birder.

    為成為一個更好的捕鳥人。

  • And when you take color pattern and combine it with the other

    而當你把顏色圖案和結合它與其他的

  • three keys to identification,

    識別的三把鑰匙。

  • size and shape, behavior, and habitat, you'll have a rock solid foundation

    大小和形狀、行為和棲息地,你將有一個堅實的基礎。

  • for identifying birds.

    用於識別鳥類。

  • So get out there and start putting all of your observational skills to use

    所以,走出去,開始運用你所有的觀察能力吧。

  • and take your birding to the next level.

    並將您的觀鳥活動提升到一個新的水準。

Nice, that white belly’s just so distinctive.

不錯,那白色的肚皮就是這麼與眾不同。

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