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  • Saturday, 12 p.m., the light burns, your head throbs, and you have no recollection of how you got back home.

    星期六中午的陽光灑進來,你感到頭隱隱作痛,你完全沒有印象是怎麼到家的。

  • Don't worry, you're not alone.

    別擔心,你並不孤單。

  • More than half of college students experience blackouts, according to several studies.

    根據研究顯示,有超過一半的大學生都曾體驗過斷片的感覺。

  • And let's be clear, blacking out doesn't mean passing out.

    要搞清楚喔,斷片不等於不省人事。

  • You were probably awake and aware the entire night.

    你整晚應該幾乎都是醒著和有意識的。

  • So then, where did all those memories go?

    所以這些記憶都跑去哪裡了?

  • Let's rewind to Friday night.

    讓我們倒帶回到星期五晚上。

  • Normally, whenever you have an experience, like a conversation, a part of your brain called the prefrontal cortex stores that information in short-term memory.

    在正常情況下,只要你有經歷過一些事像是和人說話,你大腦的前額葉皮質會把那些訊息儲存到短期記憶裡。

  • Then, another part of your brain called the hippocampus weaves those experiences together, so they can be stored away as long-term memories.

    而你大腦的另一部分稱海馬迴,會把這些經驗組合起來,進而存到長期記憶裡。

  • So the next day, you remember the party as a whole, instead of the smell of sweat, house music, Jen was there.

    所以隔天你記得你有參加派對,但卻不記得在派對裡聞到的汗水味、聽到的音樂或是看到的 Jen。

  • But here's the key part.

    重點來了。

  • Storing these episodes in long-term memory requires special neurotransmitters.

    要把這些片段儲存至長期記憶需要透過特別的神經傳導物質。

  • But your liquor shots prevent the neurotransmitters from working properly.

    但你喝下的烈酒阻礙了這些神經傳導物質的正常運作。

  • So instead of remembering the party, all you have is an incomplete, or even empty file.

    所以你不記得派對上發生的所有事情,你的記憶都是不完整,甚至是空白的。

  • And the amount of alcohol in your system at the time influences how much you remember.

    而在當下你體內的酒精濃度也會影響你的記憶程度。

  • Let's say you're a 73-kilogram adult man, and you've done eight shots in one hour.

    假設你是體重 73 公斤的成年男子,在一小時內喝了八杯烈酒。

  • Your blood alcohol content is probably around 0.2% by this point, more than twice the legal limit for driving a car.

    此刻,你的血液酒精濃度大概是 0.2 %,超出駕駛法規限制的 2 倍。

  • And your brain may still be able to store some memories, so you end up with islands of memories separated by missing sections.

    你的大腦依然可以儲存部分的記憶,所以結果只有零散的記憶。

  • That's called a fragmentary blackout, aka a grayout or brownout.

    這是零碎式的斷片,也就是所謂像因限電所造成的電力不足般。

  • But if you keep pounding those shots, it gets worse.

    但如果你再繼續乾杯,情況會變得更糟。

  • Within the next half hour, you pound back another four shots.

    在接下來的半小時,你再乾下四杯酒。

  • Now your blood alcohol content hits around 0.3%, and your hippocampus goes dark, and full amnesia sets in.

    現在你的血液酒精濃度已達 0.3%,海馬迴裡的記憶會開始斷掉,陷入失憶的狀態。

  • This is called an en bloc blackout, and once you wake up, that entire night could be blank.

    這是指整個大腦的記憶斷片,等到你醒來後,前一晚的記憶會是一片空白。

  • Push your BAC much higher than that, and you might die.

    再把血液酒精濃度推得更高的話,你有可能會死。

  • And yet your friends might not even realize you're in the middle of a blackout, since the alcohol didn't delete your long-term memories already safe in storage before the night began.

    你的朋友不一定會發現你已經斷片了,因為酒精不會刪除你在派對夜前已安好儲存在大腦的長期記憶。

  • So you can still carry on conversations and behave more or less like a typical person, to an extent.

    因此,你還是可以和朋友對話,某種程度上看起來還像個正常人。

  • Blackouts aside, alcohol can still interfere with other regions of your brain, including those responsible for reasoning and decision-making.

    除了會斷片,酒精還會影響你大腦的其他區域,包括負責邏輯和判斷的部分。

  • So during blackouts, people have crashed cars, gotten into fights, and committed or been the victims of sexual assault.

    所以在斷片的時候,會發生車禍、與人打鬥、犯下性侵罪或是成為性侵的受害者。

  • They might just not remember it.

    而他們事後可能什麼都不記得。

  • That being said, not everyone gets blackouts.

    話雖如此,並不是每個人都會斷片。

  • Your sex, body weight and family history all play a role.

    性別、體重和家族病史都會是影響的因素。

  • So that could explain why your friends recall the entire night, despite downing just as much tequila.

    所以這就可以解釋為什麼你的朋友就算喝再多的龍舌蘭,仍然清楚記得整晚發生的事。

  • But it won't save them from a wicked hangover the next morning.

    不過他們還是逃不過隔天早上宿醉的命運。

Saturday, 12 p.m., the light burns, your head throbs, and you have no recollection of how you got back home.

星期六中午的陽光灑進來,你感到頭隱隱作痛,你完全沒有印象是怎麼到家的。

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